1September, 955, in early autumn, on the rippling Songhua River, two small fishing boats went downstream, camped out day and night, and made geological observations along the outcrops in the gullies on both sides of the Songhua River. This is a five-member geological exploration team sent by the Northeast Geological Bureau, including Han Jingxing and Sheng Wang. It is the earliest team engaged in oil and gas exploration in Songliao Basin after the founding of New China.
At first, the exploration team found rocks rich in ostracods near Dongsandaogou and Minjiatun. After opening the gray mudstone and oolitic marl, it smells a strong smell of oil and asphalt, which turns dark yellow after being soaked in chloroform solution. Everyone jumped up with joy and shouted: found it! Found oil and gas show! Subsequently, the reconnaissance team pursued the victory and found a terrestrial stratum rich in ostracods in the gully near Laoshaogou Station on the south bank of the second Songhua River, which had a greasy taste and a "sesame cake" appearance. It was the earliest Cretaceous-Tertiary Songhua River system. This is the main sedimentary layer buried in Songliao basin, but it is not the original idea to find marine deposits in Songliao. Qu, a senior engineer who has been engaged in oil and gas exploration in Songliao Basin for a long time, described this major discovery as follows: "This is a new era in the history of oil and gas exploration in Songliao Basin, which unveiled the mysterious veil over Songliao Basin and promoted the further deepening and development of oil and gas exploration in Songliao Basin."
On March 1954 and 1, Minister Li Siguang made a report on the exploration prospect of petroleum resources in China from the perspective of geotectonics at the symposium of Petroleum Administration Bureau of the Ministry of Fuel Industry, pointing out that the main depression zones in the Neocathaysian structural belt have good oil storage conditions. It is clearly pointed out: "From the Northeast Plain, through the Bohai Bay, to the North China Plain, and then south to the two lakes, you can do work. It seems to be of great significance to start looking for the bottom of the coverage area from the basin edge of Neocathaysia. Geophysical exploration and drilling can be on it. " Former Soviet Union experts Trafimk and Mosiev agreed with Li Siguang's view and supported regional geophysical exploration and drilling in Northeast China and North China. This is the first time that the Northeast Plain is strategically and theoretically pointed out as a prospective area for oil and gas exploration.
1954 The Ministry of Geology established a general survey committee as a comprehensive management institution for mineral survey. Li Siguang is the director, Xie and Huang are the technical directors, and he is the director of the office, studying Songliao petroleum survey.
1955, according to the guidelines and tasks formulated by the first petroleum survey meeting of the Ministry of Geology, and according to Huang's deployment and specific opinions, Su Yunshan drafted and compiled the Design Task Book for Petroleum Geological Survey in Songliao Plain, which was issued to the Northeast Geological Bureau for organization and implementation on June 1 1 of the same year. When examining and approving the task book, Huang put forward the suggestion of reconnaissance along the Songhua River.
This is the story of two small fishing boats on the Songhua River mentioned above.
1In March, 1957, the Ministry of Petroleum Industry also sent 1 16 geological team to Songliao Plain for geological investigation.
1in the winter of 957, the party group of the Ministry of Geology decided to shift its strategic focus eastward, and transferred the oil and gas exploration teams and some technicians originally in Xinjiang and Qinghai to North China, Songliao and East China one after another to strengthen oil and gas exploration in the eastern region. Therefore, the oil exploration power in Songliao has gradually grown.
1958 In February, Comrade Deng Xiaoping called the leading comrades of the Ministry of Petroleum Industry and the Ministry of Geology to hold a petroleum work promotion meeting in Chengdu. After listening to the reports of Li Jukui and Yu, he pointed out: "The guiding ideology and important principle of oil exploration is to choose the direction of assault, handle the relationship between strategy, campaign and tactics, and attach importance to the economic benefits of exploration layout. For Songliao, North China, East China, Sichuan, Ordos, we should spend some energy to study and consider. During the second five-year plan period, it would be good to find oil in the northeast. "
In the same month, the Ministry of Geology and the Ministry of Petroleum Industry agreed to take Songliao Plain as the focus of national oil and gas exploration, and put forward the strategic goal of "capturing Songliao in three years and finding oil fields in eastern China as soon as possible".
In March, the Ministry of Geology decided to set up Songliao Petroleum Investigation Brigade and Northeast Petroleum Geophysical Exploration Brigade.
In June, the Ministry of Petroleum Industry established Songliao Petroleum Exploration Bureau. At this point, the two departments United and cooperated, fighting side by side, and strengthened the petroleum geological and geophysical exploration work in Songliao.
In the same month, when the No.2 Electrical Method Team of Northeast Petroleum Geophysical Exploration Brigade was working in the field, when the profile line passed through Gaotaizitun, northwest of Datong Town, Anda County, it was found that there was an obvious basement uplift in the center of the basin depression, which attracted the attention of Qu, the technical director of the team, and immediately submitted the results to the brigade. At the same time, the electrical normal is quickly encrypted to prepare for the detailed investigation of the earthquake.
In July, the brigade decided to send the third seismic team to Gaotaizi Dianlong for earthquake verification, and initially determined the local structure of Gaotaizi.
1958 In July, the Ministry of Petroleum Industry held a meeting in Yumen. In order to fully understand the stratum, structure and oil-bearing situation in the central depression area of Songliao Basin, Songliao Petroleum Exploration Bureau put forward the deployment proposal of well Dasongji 3 on Gaotaizi structure.
At the beginning of 1959, in order to strengthen seismic exploration in Gaotaizi, the fourth seismic team (technical team in charge of Yu Zhanyuan) was newly established and continued to track southward. By the end of the year, verified by shallow geological drilling, Gaotaizi earthquake uplifted to 150 km, and eight local structures formed Datong Town Placanticline Zone, later called Daqing Placanticline. At the beginning of September, 1958, Zhang, Yang of Songliao Petroleum Exploration Bureau, Han Jingxing of Songliao Petroleum Survey Brigade, Northeast Petroleum Geophysical Exploration Brigade and other related technicians discussed and studied together. After many data supplements and repeated argumentation, it is unanimously agreed to deploy Well Songji 3. 165438+1On October 24th, the Ministry of Petroleum Industry officially approved the well location design scheme of songji 3, which is located at the high point of Gaotaizi structure east of Xiaoxitun in the northwest of Datong Town and south of Gaotaizi.
During February 1959 and 1 1 Spring Festival, Minister Yu and Vice Minister Kang of the Ministry of Petroleum Industry visited the home of Vice Minister He Changgong of the Ministry of Geology to discuss the issue of accelerating oil exploration in Songliao Basin. The leaders of the two departments unanimously agreed to build Songji 3 well on Gaotaizi structure.
In April 1959, 1 1, the drilling team of Songliao Petroleum Exploration Bureau (32 1 18) officially started drilling. When drilling to 146 1.76 m, multi-layer oil and gas show and oil sands were found, but at this time, there were anomalies in the well and the well deviation was too large. It is difficult to continue drilling. At that time, Vice Minister Kang, who accompanied the Soviet oil industry delegation to inspect Songliao, studied the situation in the well together with relevant experts, and decided to take decisive measures. Without hesitation, he decided to complete drilling and testing ahead of time so as not to cause underground accidents. All previous efforts were in vain. Only in this way can we strive for the early discovery of oil fields. However, Milchin Ke, an expert from the former Soviet Union, disagreed, insisting that the task of benchmark well should be completed only after drilling the original design depth of 3,200m. However, his suggestion was not adopted by Kang.
The oil testing work was carried out in an orderly and intense manner, and Vice Minister Kang and experts visited the site to guide. On the afternoon of September 26th, Kloc-0/6, the 9.5mm choke was used for blowout, and the daily output of crude oil was14.9m3. ..
The first well in Songliao Plain was found to be fond of spraying industrial oil, and the dream finally came true. People who got their wish happily presented gifts to 10 National Day. Jilin Daily first reported the discovery of oil in Songliao Plain. This once-in-a-century good news spread all over the world at once. On October 8th, 65438/KLOC-0, Ouyang Qin, First Secretary of Heilongjiang Province, officially announced that it was named "Daqing Oilfield".
At the same time, Well Fu 27, which was constructed by the geological department at Yadahong high point, was successfully discovered in Fuyu Oilfield at midnight on September 29th, on the eve of the National Day 10 anniversary.
1960 February 18, the Ministry of Geology held a national petroleum survey meeting in Songliao to sum up the experience of Songliao and promote the national oil and gas exploration. The conference opened in Changchun, visited Fuyu and Daqing, and then closed in Harbin. Vice Minister of Geology presided over the meeting, and Vice Minister of Petroleum Industry Kang attended the meeting and delivered a speech. * * * 220 people attended the meeting.
Songliao live meeting is in the severe winter and the twelfth month, and the Great Northern Wilderness is frozen everywhere. At that time, I was transferred from North China Petroleum Investigation Brigade to Hebei as the technical director of Hebei Petroleum Geology Brigade. Captain Cui Lin and I lived in Datong Town when we went to songji Well 3 for a live meeting. This is a rural town. I stayed in a small hotel at night and saw that the bedding in the pit was covered with lice, so I had to take off my clothes and hang them on the wire. This remote and backward town has now become a modern oil industrial city-Daqing City.
After the discovery of Daqing Oilfield, President Mao Zedong and Premier Zhou Enlai personally met with Wang Jinxi, the "Iron Man". The CPC Central Committee and the State Council led Zhou Enlai, Liu Shaoqi, Zhu De, Dong, Li Xiannian and Peng Zhen to inspect Daqing Oilfield many times and made important instructions, which greatly encouraged more than 40,000 employees who participated in the oil battle.