1. Expression techniques; expression methods; rhetorical techniques. Expression techniques.
2. Expression methods: There are 5 types: narrative, description, discussion, lyricism, and explanation. For the appreciation of ancient poetry, "explanation" is not used, and "narration" and "discussion" are not used much, so there are mainly three types. Lyrical: It is divided into two types: direct lyric and indirect lyric. Expressing emotions directly is also called expressing one's feelings directly. Indirect lyricism can be divided into expressing emotions through scenes, expressing emotions through objects, expressing emotions through things, expressing emotions through reasons, etc.
3. Rhetorical techniques: The "Teaching Syllabus" stipulates 12-15 types; the "Examination Syllabus" stipulates 8-12 types.
4. The main ones are: metaphor, analogy (personification, objectification), exaggeration, duality, contrast, foil, parallelism, question, rhetorical question, repetition, metonymy, quotation, pun, etc.