Methods and steps of poetry appreciation

1. Refined font 1. Q: What is the most vivid word in this couplet? Why? 2. Problem variant: One sentence has always been praised. What do you think of it? 3, answer analysis: the ancients paid attention to refining words in poetry, this kind of question type is the beauty of asking to taste these refined words. When answering questions, we should not talk about this word in isolation, but put it in a sentence and analyze it with the artistic conception and emotion of the whole poem. 4. Answer: ① Affirm "good" or affirm which is better; ② Explain the meaning of words in sentences; (3) Expand association and imagination, reduce the words describing the situation in the sentence, and analyze its outstanding image; (4) Point out the artistic conception of the words. What feelings are expressed (sometimes from a structural perspective). Answer routine: A word in the poem means (), which vividly writes the scene of () and vividly expresses the author's feelings. Second, the analysis of the artistic conception type 1, the way of asking questions: What kind of artistic conception did this poem create? 2. Question variant: ① What kind of picture does this poem depict? What thoughts and feelings did the poet express? ② Appreciate a poem or word from the perspective of "emotion" and "scenery". 3. Answer analysis: This is one of the most common questions. The so-called artistic conception refers to the imaginary realm created by the combination of objects (that is, images) that entrust the poet's feelings. Including three aspects: scenery, emotion and environment, which are indispensable when answering questions. 4. Answer: ① Describe the picture shown in the poem. Expand association and imagination, and reproduce the picture in your own language. When describing, one should be faithful to the original poem, and the other should be recreated with one's own association and imagination; ② Summarize the characteristics of the atmosphere created by the scenery. Generally, it is summarized by two disyllabic adjectives, such as: magnificent, quiet and beautiful, lonely and desolate, desolate and miserable. , pay attention to accurately reflect the characteristics and emotional appeal of the scenery; ③ Analyze the author's thoughts and feelings. Don't be empty, be specific. For example, it is not enough to answer "expressing the author's sentimental feelings", but also to answer "sentimental" why. Solution: This poem depicts a picture of () and creates an atmosphere of (), thus expressing the author's feelings (mood, mood). Third, analyze the meaning type of the sentence 1, and ask questions: What is good about this poem? 2. Question variant: What is the significance and function of this poem? What are the characteristics of expression? 3. Answer analysis: A poem may be about scenery, lyric or people. The methods of writing people include action description, language description, psychological description, appearance description and detail description. To understand a poem, it is necessary to combine the upper and lower sentences and the whole poem. 4. Answer mode: ① clarify the meaning of language, and sometimes explore its deep meaning; (2) Analyze the expressive function of poetry in writing scenery, words or people. ③ Briefly describe the artistic effect. Analysis of Language Features 1, Question Method: What are the language features of this poem? 2. Question variant: ① Please analyze the language style of this poem. ② Talk about the language art of this poem. 3. Solution analysis: This question type does not require trying to figure out the clever use of individual words, but tastes the language style of the whole poem. This type of question requires students to know people and discuss things, because different writers have different language styles, such as Li Bai's vigorous and elegant, Du Fu's depressed and frustrated. But sometimes we can read language styles from poems without knowing the author, some are simple and lively, some are full of charm and so on. 4. Answer method: ① Accurately point out the language features in one or two sentences (concise and vivid, concise and gloomy, incisive and nuanced, refined and refined, vivid in one word, steady in confrontation, close in language and far in sentiment, harmonious in Zhuang ……); (2) Analyze this feature in detail with relevant sentences in the poem; ③ Explain how the words in the poem express the poet's feelings. Solution: The linguistic feature of this poem is (), such as (), which expresses the author's feelings well. V. Analysis of topic types 1. Question method: What is the theme of this poem? 2. Question variant: Please use a poem to analyze the author's mood at that time. 3. Solution analysis: The main purpose of analysis often needs to pay attention to the following aspects: (1) cultural common sense, life common sense, historical allusions, myths and legends, natural phenomena involved; (2) the general idea or connotation of a poem; (3) The poet's ideological inclination, political opinions, ambition pursuit and life experience; (4) the background of the times and social reality. 4. Answer mode: ① Analyze which specific poems have been written; 2 What emotions are expressed and what emotions are hidden. Solution: This is a poem by (). Every sentence of the poem is written in (), and the author's feelings (mood, mood) are expressed in (). The problem of intransitive verb analysis skills 1. Question: What kind of expression is used in this poem? 2. Question variant: ① Please analyze the expressive technique (or artistic technique or technique) of this poem. (2) How do poets express their feelings? What's the effect? 3. Solution analysis: Expression technique is a method used by poets to express their feelings. To answer questions accurately, we must first be familiar with some common expression skills; Secondly, it is necessary to make a comprehensive and multi-angle analysis of this poem. 4. Answer mode: ① Accurately point out which expression techniques are used (lyric techniques: direct expression of mind and indirect lyric. Rhetoric: positive and negative contrast, clever use of metaphor, clever use of contrast, exaggeration and appropriateness. Means of expression: contrast, contrast, truth, size, etc. ); (2) Combined with the analysis of poetry, why do you think this technique should be used? (3) How does this technique express the poet's feelings or will? Solution: This poem uses the expression technique (artistic technique, rhetorical technique) of (), such as (), thus highlighting (emphasizing, expressing more effectively ...) the author's mood (mood, mood). Analysis and conception (structural thinking) type 1. Question method: How was this poem conceived? 2. Question variation: Please analyze the beauty of this poem. 3. Solution analysis: Poetry has a way of thinking, and there is a close relationship between a poem and a sentence. Then, to analyze the structure of poetry, we must grasp the relationship between poems. Some poems write scenery first and then express feelings, others write scenery first and then express feelings, and there are also theories of bedding, transition, contrast and transition. 4. Answer method: ① Summarize the content of the poem. (2) Reveal the relationship between poems. (3) Point out what thoughts and feelings this idea conveys. 8. Contrastive and appreciative questioning methods General questioning: Compare the contents, themes and methods of two poems or words; There are also comparisons with the verses in the learned texts. Variant question: Please tell the similarities or differences between the two poems in some way. Answer steps: 1. Find out the relevant comparison points (questions). 2. Analyze the specific sentences in the original poem and answer them respectively. Nine, judge the way of asking questions: General question: Some people think so, some people think so, what do you think? Variant question: Some people think so, do you agree? Please tell me the reason. Answer steps: 1. Express your views (clearly) 2. Prove this point with the original poem (concrete) answering routine: I think (), the reason is () (find reasons from the original poem and state them one by one) In short: the general pattern of answering questions in poetry is: 1. Artistic conception: draw a picture (loyal to the original poem, beautiful language). Why? 2. Problem variant: One sentence has always been praised. What do you think of it? 3, answer analysis: the ancients paid attention to refining words in poetry, this kind of question type is the beauty of asking to taste these refined words. When answering questions, we should not talk about this word in isolation, but put it in a sentence and analyze it with the artistic conception and emotion of the whole poem. 4. Answer: ① Affirm "good" or affirm which is better; ② Explain the meaning of words in sentences; (3) Expand association and imagination, reduce the words describing the situation in the sentence, and analyze its outstanding image; (4) Point out the artistic conception of the words. What feelings are expressed (sometimes from a structural perspective). Answer routine: A word in the poem means (), which vividly writes the scene of () and vividly expresses the author's feelings. Second, the analysis of the artistic conception type 1, the way of asking questions: What kind of artistic conception did this poem create? 2. Question variant: ① What kind of picture does this poem depict? What thoughts and feelings did the poet express? ② Appreciate a poem or word from the perspective of "emotion" and "scenery". 3. Answer analysis: This is one of the most common questions. The so-called artistic conception refers to the imaginary realm created by the combination of objects (that is, images) that entrust the poet's feelings. Including three aspects: scenery, emotion and environment, which are indispensable when answering questions. 4. Answer: ① Describe the picture shown in the poem. Expand association and imagination, and reproduce the picture in your own language. When describing, one should be faithful to the original poem, and the other should be recreated with one's own association and imagination; ② Summarize the characteristics of the atmosphere created by the scenery. Generally, it is summarized by two disyllabic adjectives, such as: magnificent, quiet and beautiful, lonely and desolate, desolate and miserable. , pay attention to accurately reflect the characteristics and emotional appeal of the scenery; ③ Analyze the author's thoughts and feelings. Don't be empty, be specific. For example, it is not enough to answer "expressing the author's sentimental feelings", but also to answer "sentimental" why. Solution: This poem depicts a picture of () and creates an atmosphere of (), thus expressing the author's feelings (mood, mood). Third, analyze the meaning type of the sentence 1, and ask questions: What is good about this poem? 2. Question variant: What is the significance and function of this poem? What are the characteristics of expression? 3. Answer analysis: A poem may be about scenery, lyric or people. The methods of writing people include action description, language description, psychological description, appearance description and detail description. To understand a poem, it is necessary to combine the upper and lower sentences and the whole poem. 4. Answer mode: ① clarify the meaning of language, and sometimes explore its deep meaning; (2) Analyze the expressive function of poetry in writing scenery, words or people. ③ Briefly describe the artistic effect. Analysis of Language Features 1, Question Method: What are the language features of this poem? 2. Question variant: ① Please analyze the language style of this poem. ② Talk about the language art of this poem. 3. Solution analysis: This question type does not require trying to figure out the clever use of individual words, but tastes the language style of the whole poem. This type of question requires students to know people and discuss things, because different writers have different language styles, such as Li Bai's vigorous and elegant, Du Fu's depressed and frustrated. But sometimes we can read language styles from poems without knowing the author, some are simple and lively, some are full of charm and so on. 4. Answer method: ① Accurately point out the language features in one or two sentences (concise and vivid, concise and gloomy, incisive and nuanced, refined and refined, vivid in one word, steady in confrontation, close in language and far in sentiment, harmonious in Zhuang ……); (2) Analyze this feature in detail with relevant sentences in the poem; ③ Explain how the words in the poem express the poet's feelings. Solution: The linguistic feature of this poem is (), such as (), which expresses the author's feelings well. V. Analysis of topic types 1. Question method: What is the theme of this poem? 2. Question variant: Please use a poem to analyze the author's mood at that time. 3. Solution analysis: The main purpose of analysis often needs to pay attention to the following aspects: (1) cultural common sense, life common sense, historical allusions, myths and legends, natural phenomena involved; (2) the general idea or connotation of a poem; (3) The poet's ideological inclination, political opinions, ambition pursuit and life experience; (4) the background of the times and social reality. 4. Answer mode: ① Analyze which specific poems have been written; 2 What emotions are expressed and what emotions are hidden. Solution: This is a poem by (). Every sentence of the poem is written in (), and the author's feelings (mood, mood) are expressed in (). The problem of intransitive verb analysis skills 1. Question: What kind of expression is used in this poem? 2. Question variant: ① Please analyze the expressive technique (or artistic technique or technique) of this poem. (2) How do poets express their feelings? What's the effect? 3. Solution analysis: Expression technique is a method used by poets to express their feelings. To answer questions accurately, we must first be familiar with some common expression skills; Secondly, it is necessary to make a comprehensive and multi-angle analysis of this poem. 4. Answer mode: ① Accurately point out which expression techniques are used (lyric techniques: direct expression of mind and indirect lyric. Rhetoric: positive and negative contrast, clever use of metaphor, clever use of contrast, exaggeration and appropriateness. Means of expression: contrast, contrast, truth, size, etc. ); (2) Combined with the analysis of poetry, why do you think this technique should be used? (3) How does this technique express the poet's feelings or will? Solution: This poem uses the expression technique (artistic technique, rhetorical technique) of (), such as (), thus highlighting (emphasizing, expressing more effectively ...) the author's mood (mood, mood). Analysis and conception (structural thinking) type 1. Question method: How was this poem conceived? 2. Question variation: Please analyze the beauty of this poem. 3. Solution analysis: Poetry has a way of thinking, and there is a close relationship between a poem and a sentence. Then, to analyze the structure of poetry, we must grasp the relationship between poems. Some poems write scenery first and then express feelings, others write scenery first and then express feelings, and there are also theories of bedding, transition, contrast and transition. 4. Answer method: ① Summarize the content of the poem. (2) Reveal the relationship between poems. (3) Point out what thoughts and feelings this idea conveys. 8. Contrastive and appreciative questioning methods General questioning: Compare the contents, themes and methods of two poems or words; There are also comparisons with the verses in the learned texts. Variant question: Please tell the similarities or differences between the two poems in some way. Answer steps: [Want to learn online-the favorite learning forum for middle school students; Website yaoxuexi.cn mobile version address wap.yaoxuexi.cn]1,find out the relevant comparison points (questions) 2. Analyze the specific sentences in the original poem and answer them respectively. Nine, judge the way of asking questions: General question: Some people think so, some people think so, what do you think? Variant question: Some people think so, do you agree? Please tell me the reason. Answer steps: 1. Express your views (clearly) 2. Prove this point with the original poem (concrete) answering routine: I think (), the reason is () (find the reason from the original poem and state it in the article) In short: the general pattern of answering questions in poetry is: 1. Artistic conception: draw a picture (loyal to the original poem, beautiful language)+summarize the atmosphere+analyze thoughts and feelings 2. Techniques (rhetorical methods and expressive methods): revealing techniques+combining poetry analysis (how to use it)+thoughts and feelings+effect 3. Language features: revealing language features+combining specific analysis of poetry+thoughts and feelings+effects 4. Refinement: the meaning and skills of the word in the sentence (flexible use, inverted sentence, technique)+description of the scenery in the sentence+artistic conception and feeling (effect) 5. Keyword category: theme role+structure role 6. Emotional category: express (board/expose) XX feelings through XX content 7. Summarize the theme category: poetry positioning+sentence content+expressing XX feelings through XX techniques+evaluation 8. Appreciation category: what is written+how to write (skill+language style+sentence characteristics)+expression effect (feeling) 9. Image category: find the poem+analyze the basic meaning+why to write (theme)+effect 65438. Meaning: surface meaning+deep meaning (that is, explaining verse) 1 1, character image: identity+personality 12, simple function category: content function+structural function x, expression skill: 1, rhetorical devices: metaphor, analogy, exaggeration, duality and duality. 2. Performance: ① Performance: ① Description, lyricism, narration, discussion and explanation. (Emphasis is on description and lyricism) ② Description (meticulous brushwork, line drawing, detail description), movement and stillness, positive and lateral, point and surface, joy and sadness, light and dark, emptiness and reality, sound and color, suppression and promotion. ⑵ Artistic techniques (brushwork): symbolism, association, imagination, line drawing, setting off, analogy, restraint of relationship, lyricism by holding things (lyricism by holding things, lyricism by feeling things), dynamic and static contrast, seeing the big from the small, rendering and setting off, combination of reality and reality, expression of relationship between scenes (lyricism by borrowing scenes, blending scenes, lyricism due to scenes) and direct expression. 3. Text structure: cut to the chase, write a poem to the point, express your ambition, and get an appropriate total score with scenery, which is in-depth at different levels, transitional reference, bedding, overlapping words and phrases, inverted reference, the first sentence as the head, the finishing touch, natural, natural (words, content sublimation, artistic conception development), intertextuality and parallelism. 1 1. Language style: fresh and elegant, simple and natural, bright and simple, flowery in rhetoric, euphemistic and subtle, concise and refined, depressed and frustrated, majestic and magnificent; Use spoken English more, and understand while speaking; Natural and simple, straightforward and unrestrained; Quiet and deep, majestic and strange, generous and tragic, beautiful and sad, subtle and meaningful, concise and colorful; Concise, ingenious and incisive; The language is concise and vivid; Every word is tears, lamenting and touching; Nature is magnificent and full of character; Simple, elegant and subtle; Clear but not pale, beautiful but not charming; Harmonious tone, natural and bright; Fresh and lively, natural and simple; Elegant, concise and vivid style. Tao Yuanming: simple and natural Du Fu: depressed and frustrated Bai Juyi: easy to understand Li Bai: bold and elegant Wang Changling: vigorous and straight Du Mu: clear and healthy and handsome Li Shangyin: hazy and hazy Wang Wei: poetry and painting in one article: beautiful and fragrant, beautiful and elegant: tragic and desolate, Li Qingzhao: graceful and patriotic, Xin Qiji: magnificent, Fan Zhongyan: tragic and tragic. Artistic features: fresh and bright, magnificent, gloomy and lonely, harmonious and quiet, open and desolate, lofty and vast, quiet and tranquil, hazy and quiet, lonely and lonely, desolate and depressed, decadent and cold, open and distant, quiet and leisurely, quiet and elegant, desolate and lonely, lonely and sad, solemn and solemn, tragic and touching, cold and indifferent. 13. State of mind summary: (Pairs can be matched) Loneliness, loneliness, sadness, sadness, farewell, loneliness, boredom, sadness, yearning, loneliness, yearning, disgust, lofty and aloof, wild, free and easy, melancholy and sentimental, detached from the world, carefree, worried about the country and the people, filled with indignation and sensitive to the times. 14. Common characters: 1. Do not worship powerful people, free and easy, arrogant and unruly image. For example, Li Bai. 2. Worry about the country and the people. Such as Du Fu. 3. The image of a hermit who cares for mountains and rivers and lives in seclusion in the countryside. For example, Tao Yuanming. 4. The image of genius and ambition. For example, Chen Ziang 5. Determined to serve the country, generous and cynical image. Lu You and Xin Qiji 6. The image of friends seeing off and missing their hometown. For example, Li Bai's "To Wang Lun" and Wang Wei's "Living in the Mountain and Thinking of Shandong Brothers on Holiday". For example, William Wang's Liangzhou Ci and Wang Changling's Chusai 8. Images of love and hate. For example, Liu Yong's "Lin Yuling" is fifteen. Symbolic significance of common images: a collection of common images in classical poetry-willow-expresses feelings of parting, hatred or tenderness. Huayang-a symbol of dispersion. Platanus acerifolia-shows loneliness and melancholy, bitterness and sadness. Konoha-shows a melancholy and lonely state of mind. Plum blossom-symbolizes noble or indomitable purity and whiteness. Orchid-a symbol of nobility and beauty. Chrysanthemum-a symbol of seclusion, nobility, refinement and elegance. Bamboo-symbolizes integrity, non-vulgarity, upward and integrity. Peach blossom-describes the face of a beautiful woman. Peony-shows wealth and beauty. Pine and cypress-noble, strong, loyal or full of vitality. Green leaves-express hope and vitality. Yellow leaves-the symbol of metabolism, or the expression of beauty fading. Grain millet-express the sadness of millet separation (sigh the ups and downs of the past). Grass-① represents endless life and hope; (2) performance desolate, remote; (3) symbolic identity, humble identity. An evil soul-an illusion or disillusionment of desire. Flowers are in full bloom-a symbol of hope and the beauty of life. Flowers fall-express frustration, life frustration or cherish spring, sentimental. Yuanyang-often refers to husband and wife, indicating deep feelings. Hongyan-indicates letters, two-way communication or homesickness. Partridge-set off desolation, destruction or melancholy. Rhododendron-sad, sad, homesick or sad. Monkeys and apes-show squeal, sadness, loneliness and sadness. Eagle-shows strength, freedom or ambition. Rhododendron-sad and desolate. Swallow-warmth, cherishing spring, missing love, vicissitudes, drifting, faith. Fish-freedom and leisure. Crow-an ominous thing or a metaphor for a villain or an ordinary person. Sha Ou-Express the wandering or sadness of life. Jade bird-refers to the lover's messenger. Sun-a sign of hope, vitality or the passage of time. Drizzle-friendship and love that show vitality, vigor or lingering. Sunset-a metaphor for old age or loss, lamenting the vicissitudes of life. Drizzle-subtle enlightenment. The moon-① symbolizes the perfection and regret of life; ② Showing the reunion and separation of relatives; 3. Entrust homesickness and homesickness; (4) Broad-minded, natural and unrestrained, beautiful and cold. Rainstorm-a symbol of enthusiasm or cruelty, the power of filth. [Xue Yao. Com- the favorite learning forum for middle school students; Yaoxuexi.cn's mobile phone address wap.yaoxuexi.cn] Dew-a metaphor that life is short and fleeting. Snow-symbolizing purity, purity or frost on the surface-symbolizes the impermanence of life and the bumpy road ahead. Spring breeze-shows hope, broad mind, happiness and pride. West wind-indicates loneliness, melancholy and homesickness, and sets off decline. Floating clouds-represent wandering and falling. Sunny days-show light and joy. Thick clouds-show sadness and depression. Cloudy day-indicates depression, sadness and loneliness. Jade-symbolizes nobility and elegance. Dimension element-refers to letters. Wu Gou-sword, see Wu Gou, made great contributions. Pearl-beautiful, pure and flawless. Go with the flow, unrestrained, free and broad-minded. Red-symbolizes youth and enthusiasm and represents a happy event. White-symbolizes purity and expresses mourning. Green symbolizes hope, vitality and peace. Black and blue, representing darkness, despair or mystery-representing elegance or melancholy. Yellow-symbolizes warmth and peace. Purple is noble and mysterious. Mulberry-hometown, showing homesickness. West building-a sad building to bid farewell to sadness or look at the old country, hometown, lover and friend from afar. South Garden-refers to the garden of flowers and plants. Sunset-on behalf of melancholy. Snow in winter-stands for cold. Autumn rain-represents sadness. Running water-stands for sigh and the passage of time. Fallen leaves-representing depression and sadness. Lilac-refers to sadness or love complex. Desert-represents desolation. Wilderness-represents sadness. Good wine-heroic deeds. Red beans-Acacia. Bamboo grove-leisure and seclusion. Lonely lamp-loneliness, loneliness, homesickness. Autumn insects-bleak. Hometown-homesickness. Candle-Acacia, don't worry. Dead vines-bleak and desolate. Guqin-bosom friend. Ancient road-desolate. Birds-far away. Pavilion.-Goodbye. Loulan, the name of an ancient country in the western regions, stands for meritorious service to the country. Guanshan-refers to a distant place, which is often used to express homesickness and missing people. Yangguan, an ancient place name, refers to a farewell song. Lotus-"pity" is a homophonic pun to express love. Orchid (column) is a symbol of missing, loneliness and parting. Lonely geese-homesick, homesick and lonely. Chill-sadness, parting sadness. Plum-maturity is a metaphor for a girl's longing for love. 16. The meaning of common allusions: throwing a pen: abandoning literature to follow the martial arts: specifically referring to diners: Great Wall: guarding the border with red beans: symbolizing love or lovesickness; Loulan: the enemy of the border with horses: originally referring to the name of an emerald, later referring to the green bow: bending over, Du Kang: Jiuhuabi: upright and honest people were wronged and separated because of just causes: the sorrow of the country's past ups and downs. News from Sang Yu: refers to the place where the sunset shines, and later refers to the year of old age. Believing in business women as singers, she later took this as an allusion and lived a drunken life regardless of the survival of the country. Qingluan and Jade Bird: Messenger. Partridge: Melancholy that sets off a difficult situation or mood. Carp and carp elements: believing in cuckoo: rendering sad atmosphere or picking chrysanthemums: pastoral life after resignation or retirement, or carving skills caused by leisure: insignificant skills, mostly referring to word skills. Three paths: the place where hermits live * * *: excellent literary works or literary songs, Weicheng and Yangguan: farewell songs, Changting, Nanpu and Lu 'an: farewell sunset: mood at parting or old shepherd boy at dusk: indifferent, the smoke of rural life: wandering after parting, Wu Gou: weapons or brave feelings, bright moon: homesickness, Qingyun. Lonely geese, falling sails, hanging off: lonely wanderers, blue flowers, high officials, nobles, lilacs: sad hearts or complicated childhood friends, innocent boys and girls playing together, cicadas singing: sad autumn sky: clean and honest leaves: autumn dusk and dusk: fear or vastness of impending death. Wangjianglou: Farewell or long melancholy Plum: amorous feelings (Plum maturity: girl in love with spring) (Plum rain: long melancholy) Fly over the eaves and walk over the wall, walk over the walls alone, return to the eaves and walk over the wall: lonely wanderer 1 step, start with the language of the poem, appreciate the words or words skillfully used in the poem, and explain clearly how to be clever. The second step, starting with the image of the poem, is to appreciate whether and how the image of the poem is appropriate. The third step, starting with the artistic conception of poetry, analyzes the artistic conception constructed by the poet in combination with poetry. The fourth step, starting with the emotion of poetry, analyzes the emotion revealed in poetry. 1, first of all, you should be able to understand the literal meaning. 2. The artistic conception and scenery in the poem can not be ignored, and the emotional tone to be expressed by different things can be roughly determined. 3. Then know the writing background and the author (what is the author's general style, such as Li Bai's bold and elegant style). These are all things you should consider. Step by step, you can write down which scenery in the poem sets off what kind of situation and shows what kind of emotion in people's hearts (this is the simplest beginning, and you can get a few points for answering this). Just write and pull. The college entrance examination time is limited, so we must think quickly. Writing too much will delay time and be complicated.