Drink wine/alcohol
Tang Dynasty: Liu Zongyuan
Get up in the morning, with a deep sense of lack of fun, leave your seat and open a bottle of sake. First, the patriarch who drank wine to make wine was the father who left the wine for me to drive away sadness and boredom.
For an instant, it feels like a world apart, and I feel the excitement between heaven and earth. The continuous mountains have changed the original quietness, and the green running water contains warm breath.
Outside the south gate is a towering tree. Shade can cover yourself, and you can chat in the shade all day.
Even if you are drunk, don't refuse. The beautiful grass can be used for us to lie down. Even those who are richer than Chu Jin may not know the fun of drinking.
translate
Deeply bored in the morning, I left my seat and opened a bottle of sake.
First of all, raise a glass to the ancestors who made wine. He left me wine to drive away my sadness and boredom.
After a while, I felt very different, and I felt that there was a great excitement between heaven and earth.
The continuous mountains have changed the original gloom, and the green running water contains a warm breath.
Outside the south gate, there is a lush tree with lush foliage.
You can keep out the shade and chat under the tree all day.
Don't refuse even if you are drunk. The beautiful grass can provide us with a place to lie down.
Even those who are richer than Chu Jin may not know the fun of drinking?
To annotate ...
Sprinkle wine on the ground as a memorial or oath. Before wine: refers to the first person who invented wine making. According to legend, Du Kang was the founder of China Brewing.
Y: In a moment. Special: different.
Noisy: lively.
Hui You: Dim and unknown.
Letter: including. Yan Wen: Heating in sunny days.
Aiai: It's lush. Tao Yuanming's Book of Harmony contains a poem "Love the forest in front of the hall". South Gate: refers to the south gate of Yongzhou Outer City. Guo, an out-of-town person.
H: how? First, use auxiliary words to strengthen the tone.
Shading: refers to vegetation.
Jingxi: All night.
Lie on your back. Sun Fang: It refers to the grassland.
Jin Chufu: "On the Ugliness of Mencius and Gongsun" says that "the wealth of Chu Jin is unattainable." This refers to the rich on the wealth side.
This way: refers to the joy of drinking.
Literary appreciation
In the Tang Dynasty, the economy was prosperous and the culture was developed. The relationship between poetry and wine was as inseparable as flesh and blood. Although Liu Zongyuan is not as romantic as Li Bai and Brewmaster in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, he is also different from Li Shangyin's sadness of being drunk in the late Tang Dynasty. He has his own drinking modality and mentality. The whole poem is *** 16, and the first four sentences are on the first floor: "I'm not interested today, so sit up and open the bottle." Give me a drink first to drive away my troubles. " I drink when I get up early in the morning, because I feel that life lacks fun. According to legend, Du Kang is the founder of my national wine. According to Guo Moruo's Historical Draft of China, Du Kang is Shao Kang, the son of Xia Wangxiang. After King Xiang of Xia Dynasty was killed by a tribal leader, Shao Kang fled to Yucheng County, Henan Province, and became a "blister Zheng" in charge of the emperor's diet. In order to cater to the emperor, Du Kang tried his best to brew good wine, personally screened flour and rice, collected Divine Comedy, and prepared a rare secret recipe. The brewed wine was really delicious. After the emperor drank it, the grain increased, so he happily named Du Kang "Brewmaster". Therefore, Liu Zongyuan first raised a glass to Du Kang, the father of wine-making. He made wine with diligence and wisdom, driving away people's troubles and troubles. "I have a strange heart for an instant and feel that the world is very embarrassing." The entrance of wine accelerates the blood circulation, and I feel a warm current rushing all over my body, and my mood changes accordingly, and the world becomes warmer. Then, describe the feelings after drinking one by one: "Even the mountains have become gloomy and the green water has become warm." Hui You's "Nine Poems of Chu Ci and Shan Gui" said: "The mountains are steep and high, covering the sun, and the rain is continuous." Yan Wen means sunny and warm weather. The heart is warm, even the natural scenery has become warm, the rolling mountains have changed the original gloom, and the green water contains a warm atmosphere. This is written by the poet from the perspective of senses. As time goes on, the sun rises in summer and the weather naturally gets warmer. "towards the south gate, there are so many trees. Qingming can protect itself, but I heard good things at night. " Point out the time at the beginning, and now point out the place to drink-South Gate. South Gate refers to the south of Yongzhou, close to the south gate, with lush trees. The shade can keep out the hot sun, and you can enjoy the cool and chat under the tree all day. These four sentences describe the poet's leisurely life in Yongzhou, without the official business of yamen and the fatigue of sunrise, which seems to be unrestrained and free. Some commentators also believe that "Qingming" refers to vegetation, which summarizes the meaning of "Ge still can protect his roots" in Zuo Zhuan's Seven Years of Wengong, and "Ignorant vegetation knows how to protect himself". It means that you are not even as good as vegetation, and you don't even know how to protect yourself. The next sentence says, "These trees seem to be saying something to themselves all night. Now they understand that what they want to say is this enlightening thing." Can be used as a family statement. "When you are drunk and there is no reply, there is Sun Fang lying down." Xie Lingyun's poem "On Yishan Road": "When you pursue your habitat, you will lie down and live forever." Drink as much as you want with your friends, and don't refuse even if you are drunk. The grass is so lush that we can lie down. This is the summary of the second floor. The joy of drinking is "lying down", so it is reasonable that the whole poem can end here. However, "if you are rich in Jin and Chu, this road may not exist." "On the Ugliness of Mencius": "Zeng Zi said: The wealth of Jin and Chu is unattainable. He is rich and I am benevolent; He takes his title and I take my justice. What am I? " The last two sentences are "the joy of drinking". Even those who are richer than Chu Jin may not know the fun of drinking, right? The last two sentences are the third layer, which further illustrates the happiness of drinking and sublimates poetry.
Researchers believe that Liu's poems are deeply influenced by Tao Yuanming. "Liu Zongyuan did learn from Tao Yuanming in some of his works, most of which were written after he was demoted to Yongzhou ... Zongyuan's study of Tao poetry was really full of anxiety and anger in his leisurely talk (Wang Guoan's Notes on Liu Zongyuan's Poems). Zeng Jifu thought that" drinking "was absolutely as profound as that of the Ming Dynasty. "Tao Yuanming served as Pengze county magistrate. Because he was dissatisfied with the reality at that time, he abandoned his official position and retired at the age of 4 1 and cultivated the land. He wrote 20 poems on the topic of "drinking". In the preface, he said, "You have to entertain yourself when you are drunk. There are so many papers and inks that there is no explanation. "Poetry is mainly about one's own life experience, and life is bumpy. Fifth: "Building a house is on earth, and there are no chariots and horses. Xiang Jun, what can you do? The heart is far from being self-centered. Picking chrysanthemums under the east fence, you can see Nanshan leisurely. The mountains are getting better and better, and the birds are back. That makes sense. I forgot to say it. "The whole poem has nothing to do with drinking, and it is about the leisurely and quiet mood after retirement. His "Wash the eaves, fight for wine to spread the face" ("Harvest Early Rice in September in Xitian") and "Think about wine when crossing the door" ("Migration") reflect the poet's self-reliance life. And "Ziyun is addicted to alcohol and has a poor family. "Time depends on good people, and mash is used to dispel doubts. ("Drinking") "It reflects the poverty of life, and there is no wine to drink, so we have to accept gifts from others. Tao is a person who sees through the world of mortals. "When planting beans, the grass is full of bean sprouts. In the morning, I will manage the famine and take the moon lotus hoe home. " Live in seclusion in a mountain village, be an ordinary farmer and fight against the dark society at that time. On the other hand, Liu Zongyuan is a young man with great ambitions. He surpassed the beauty in the imperial court and became the backbone of Wang Shuxin Group. After the failure of "Yongzhen Innovation", he was demoted to Yongzhou, a barbarian land, which was a cruel blow to him. Liu was forced to leave the imperial court, and his political ideal did not give up. As a Sima in Yongzhou, although he is a freelancer, he is paid an official salary, so he doesn't have to farm in person for food and clothing like Tao Yuanming. Wine can be bought completely, and drinking with friends is common. His going out is the pursuit of leisure, and his drinking is narcissism. Its purpose is to divert attention, adapt to the environment and calm down. However, who can understand the blow of being demoted, the heavy psychological burden and the silent pain? Depression is mentioned at the beginning of the poem, but the overall tone is not declining, which is different from the drinking poems that generally reflect leisure. "It describes the poet's unique state of being drunk but not drunk in a specific environment, and his distinctive personality of despising the secular world. It is a masterpiece in self-portrait." (Hu Shiming's Notes on Selected Poems of Liu Zongyuan) It can be seen that Liu Zongyuan's poems such as Drinking are objectively influenced by Tao Yuanming and Xie Lingyun, but they have different personalities and meanings.