We have never seen heavy snowfall in the south of the Yangtze River, but this year it has only been severe.
It’s like looking for each other through the curtains, and the desire is overwhelming under the weight of the forest branches.
Throwing a blanket on the felt, Lu forgets to sleep at night, and the golden restraint immediately rises timidly in the morning.
In this life I laugh at myself for being late for fame, and daydream about the Yellow River being completely frozen.
Author:
Lu You (1125-1210), named Wuguan, also known as Fangweng, was a native of Shanyin (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang) and the grandson of Lu Dian. Lu You is a famous poet in the Southern Song Dynasty. When he was young, he was influenced by his family's patriotism. During the reign of Emperor Gaozong, he took the examination of the Ministry of Rites and was deposed by Qin Hui. During the reign of Emperor Xiaozong, he was granted a Jinshi background. He entered Shu in middle age and devoted himself to military life. He was appointed to Baozhang Pavilion and was waiting to be appointed. In his later years, he retired to his hometown, but his belief in regaining the Central Plains remained unswerving. He wrote many poems, more than 9,000 of which are in existence today, with extremely rich content. They express political ambitions and reflect the people's sufferings in a bold and bold style; they also express many fresh works about daily life. The volume of lyrics is not as huge as that of poems, but it also embodies the spirit of patriotism that devastates the captives. Yang Shen said that his poems are like Qin Guan in their delicacy and Su Shi's in their majesty. He is the author of "Jiannan Poetry Manuscript", "Weinan Collected Works", "Shu of the Southern Tang Dynasty", "Notes of Laoxue'an", etc.
Lu You was born in a family of officials who "lived in poverty and studied hard" to become an official. Lu You's great ancestor was Lu Zhen, the Taifu of Song Renzong, his grandfather Lu Dian, and his father Lu Zai. He was born during the War between Song and Jin Dynasties. During the war of war, he suffered the pain of being displaced since he was a child. At the same time, he was influenced by the patriotic ideas of his father, Lu Zai and other scholar-bureaucrats, and thus formed the ambition of "when a young man encounters chaos and chaos, he dismounts and drafts a military letter."
At that time, corruption in the Song Dynasty was in decline and it was repeatedly invaded by the Jin Kingdom (Jurchen tribe). The year after his birth, Jin Bing captured Bianjing, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty. He fled with his family when he was still in his infancy. Affected by the social and family environment, he determined to kill Hu (Jin Bing) and save the country from an early age. Since he was a child, he has had the studious spirit of "I have been reading a lot of books since I was born, and my eyes are drying up after reading thousands of books." He has a poetry name at the age of 17. Around the age of 25, he learned poetry from Zeng Ji, who had patriotic ideas, which set the tone of his patriotic poetry.
He always insisted on resisting the Jin Dynasty, and was constantly ostracized and attacked by the establishment in his official career. In his middle age, he entered Sichuan to fight against the Jin Dynasty, and his military life enriched his literary content. His famous works include "Jiannan Poetry Manuscript", "Weinan Collected Works", "Book of the Southern Tang Dynasty" and "Notes of Laoxue'an". Lu You's works shed light and made him an outstanding poet. The volume of lyrics is not as huge as that of poems, but it also embodies the spirit of patriotism and "swallows the remaining captives with anger". ?
In 1158 (the 28th year of Shaoxing), he entered Fujian and served as the chief registrar of Ningde County. According to the records in Volume 3 of "Ningde County Chronicles", "Huan Ji": "Lu You, Zi Wu Guan, was a free man. In the 28th year of Shaoxing, he was appointed as the governor of Yibo. He had good governance and was loved by the people." There is a statue of Lu You built on Nanji Mountain in Ningde. There is also a statue of Lu You in Jianhu Village in Shaoxing, Zhejiang. He once served as general magistrate of Longxing, Zhenjiang.
In 1170 (the sixth year of Qiandao), he entered Shu and served as the general magistrate of Kuizhou. In 1172 (the eighth year of Qiandao), he entered the shogunate of Wang Yan, the Xuanfu envoy in Sichuan, and devoted himself to military life. The post-official Zhi Baozhang Pavilion is waiting to be made. Politically, Lu You advocated resolute resistance to the war, replenishing armaments, and demanded that "when it comes to taxation, we should first enrich the family, and when it comes to taxation, we should deal with big businessmen." He has always been suppressed by the surrender group. In his later years, he retired to his hometown, but his belief in regaining the Central Plains remained unswerving. He wrote many poems in his life, and there are more than 9,000 poems in existence today, which are extremely rich in content. It expresses political ambitions, reflects the suffering of the people, and criticizes the humiliation and surrender of the ruling group at that time. The style is bold and bold, showing the strong patriotic enthusiasm for restoring national unity.
"Moon over Guanshan", "Wind and Rain on November 4th", "Book Anger", "Showing Children", "Visiting Shanxi Village", "The First Spring Rain in Lin'an", "Winter Night Reading" "Shi Ziyu" and other chapters were all recited by later generations. There are many fresh works describing daily life. Yang Shen, who also writes Gongci, said that its slenderness is like Qin Guan's and its boldness is like Su Shi's. But some poems reveal negative emotions. He was first married to the Tang family, but was divorced under the oppression of his mother. His painful feelings were expressed in some poems, such as "Shen Yuan", "The Hairpin-headed Phoenix", etc., which are all sincere and touching. There are also "Jiannan Poetry Manuscripts", "Weinan Collected Works", "Southern Tang Book", "Laoxue'an Notes", "Reporting Heartfelt Feelings", etc.
There are more than 9,300 poems in his collection of poems. It can be roughly divided into three periods: the first period is from adolescence to middle age (46 years old) before entering Shu. There are only about 200 poems from this period, and the works are mainly in text form and have not yet been enriched by life. The second period was after entering Shu, when he resigned from office and returned eastward at the age of 64. This lasted nearly 20 years, and he saved more than 2,400 poems. This period was a period full of fighting spirit and patriotic passion for him, and it was also a mature period of his poetry creation.
In the third period, he lived in seclusion in his hometown of Shanyin for a long time until his death, which also lasted 20 years. There are about 6,500 existing poems. The poem expresses a clear and distant pastoral flavor, and sometimes reveals the desolate emotion of life. "Poetry works until no one loves it" can be regarded as expressing his mood at this time and the artistic realm he yearned for. In addition, the poems of this period also show a tendency towards a simple and down-to-earth creative style.
The fervent spirit of patriotism always runs through Lu You's poems in the three periods. This is particularly evident after he entered Shu in his middle age. It is not only prominent among poets of his generation, but also in the history of Chinese literature. Rare. Lu You's poems can be said to have all kinds of styles. Whether they are ancient style, rhymed poems, or quatrains, he has outstanding works. Among them, he wrote many and good Qilu poems.
In this regard, Lu You inherited the experience of his predecessors and at the same time was rich in his own creation. Therefore, some people say that he, Du Fu and Li Shangyin completed the "three changes" in the creation of Qilu (Shu Wei's "Pingshui Zhai"). "Shihuo"), also known as his Qilu was unparalleled at the time. Among Lu You's seven rhymes, there are indeed many famous poems and sentences, which are often recited by people, such as "The sound of the river does not satisfy the hatred of heroes, and God's will is selfless and the grass and trees fall" ("Huangzhou"); "A lonely pillow on the Guanhe River thousands of miles away, dreaming, "It's stormy and autumn in the four mountains at the fifth watch" ("Writing on the Pillow") and so on.
These excellent works and sentences are either majestic and powerful, or fresh and picturesque. They not only have stable dialogue, but also flow vividly without losing their delicacy. In addition to the seven rhymes, Lu You's achievements in poetry creation should be attributed to the quatrains. Although Lu You's poems present colorful styles, the general creative tendency is still based on realism. He inherited the fine tradition of Qu Yuan and other previous generations of poets who cared about the country and the people, and made outstanding achievements based on his own era.
In his later years, he retreated to his hometown, but his belief in regaining the Central Plains remained unswerving. He wrote many poems in his life, and there are more than 9,000 poems in existence today, which are extremely rich in content. It expresses political ambitions, reflects the suffering of the people, and criticizes the humiliation and surrender of the ruling group at that time. The style is bold and bold, showing the strong patriotic enthusiasm for restoring national unity. Chapters such as "Guan Shan Yue", "Shu Anger", "Farmer's Sigh" and "Shi'er" were all recited by later generations. There are many fresh works describing daily life. Yang Shen, who also writes Gongci, said that its slenderness is like Qin Guan's and its boldness is like Su Shi's. But some poems reveal negative emotions.
Lu You’s famous works such as "Book Indignation", "Showing Children", and "Visiting Shanxi Village" have been selected into Chinese textbooks for primary and secondary school students, and are frequently asked questions in college entrance examinations (such as the 2010 National Curriculum Standards Volume) Lu You not only composed poetry, but also composed long lyrics. Because he did not pay much attention to this poetry style, he did not write many lyrics. There are 130 existing lyrics.
His lyrics are also diverse in style and have their own characteristics. Many of the poems are written in a beautiful and lingering way, which is closer to the graceful style of Song poetry. For example, the famous "Chai Tou Feng" falls into this category. And some words often express deep feelings about life, or express a noble mind, such as "Bu Suanzi", "Beside the broken bridge outside the post office", "Double-headed lotus", "Huayanxingxing", etc., or they are far-reaching, or have profound meanings. This type of words is relatively close to Su Shi.
But what best reflects Lu You’s life experience and personality are his generous and vigorous lyrics filled with patriotic passion, such as "Spring in the Han Palace", "Arrows and Arrows Carving Bows", "Xie Chichun", "Joining the Army at a Strong Age", "Revelation of Heartfelt Love", "Thousands of Miles in the Past Looking for a Marquis", "Wandering in the Palace at Night", "Rising in the Snow and the Qing Dynasty", etc. are all powerful works with a passion for serving the country. Such works The poems are closer to Xin Qiji's.
Lu You also wrote a lot in prose, and he was quite accomplished. He wrote inscriptions and postscripts, some describing his life experiences, some expressing his thoughts and feelings, some writing poems. It can reflect the achievements of Lu You's prose. At the same time, it also expresses patriotic feelings from time to time, such as "Jingzhentang Ji", "Tonghuge Ji", "Shuwei Bridge Incident", etc.