The Song Dynasty was the most prosperous era in China's history in economy, culture and education, and reached the peak of feudal society. Chen Yinke, a famous historian, said: The culture of China, the Chinese nation, has developed for thousands of years, which was created during the Zhao and Song Dynasties. Kaifeng, located in the center of the eastern plain of Henan Province, was also called the Song Capital in 168. It was a famous cultural, economic, artistic and political center at that time, and its prosperity was inferior to that of later generations. It was also the first city in China where Jews settled.
The Great Song Dynasty accounted for 22% of the GDP of the United States in the world. 7%, the per capita GDP is 45 dollars. Song Shenzong Xining ten years, the national treasury revenue of 7.7 million yuan, the highest is 1. Even if half of the country was lost in the Southern Song Dynasty, the fiscal revenue of the national treasury was as high as 1 million, which is an astronomical figure that is difficult for future generations to reach. When Xining was in Kaifeng, the price of rice was 4, and in Song Dynasty, the price of rice was 66 liters, about 1 kilograms of rice. According to the current market price of ordinary rice 2. 5 yuan/Jin estimate, 4p = purchasing power of RMB in 25 yuan, that is, 1p. 65 yuan, Chang Qian 481. 25 yuan. According to Xining, the national treasury revenue was 7.7 million yuan in ten years, when the national treasury revenue was about 34 yuan. 24 trillion yuan. In 211, the fiscal revenue of China's national treasury just exceeded 1 trillion yuan.
Kaifeng, with a population of more than one million, is a veritable international metropolis and the largest city in the world. In addition, cities with a population of over 1, include Luoyang, Hangzhou, Yangzhou, Chengdu, Guangzhou, Fuzhou and Yingtianfu. At that time, the population of the largest city in Europe exceeded 1,.
In the Republic of China more than ten years after the founding of the People's Republic of China, the envoys of the Great Song Dynasty went to Jin Shang Jing Huining and saw a large area of virgin forest without organizational system. There are hundreds of herders scattered in less than one square kilometer. Desolate eyes, poor and white. The capital of a country is extremely humble. It is such a humble country with less people and less money that destroyed the extremely prosperous Northern Song Empire. So prosperity is not equal to strength.
In the first year of Jingde, Song Zhenzong, Liao and Emperor Xu Long led 2, troops south to attack the Song Dynasty, and the ruling and opposition parties were shocked. Kou Zhun, Bi and Yang Yi. The main factions urged Song Zhenzong to take the initiative. In this battle, Song Jun won three times and shot and killed Liao coach LiLin Xiao. Xiao Taihou also buhaore, peace at the song dynasty. At the critical moment, the first generation of British monarch Shinji had a mental illness and reluctantly agreed to make peace. Zhenzong said to Kou: You don't have to cede the land, but you can give some money. Cole, no, I disagree. In the end, he didn't. Don't twist the leader. The bottom line of true Sect is 1 million taels of silver. Cao Liyong, the special envoy for negotiation, said: If the compensation amount exceeds 3,, I will kill you. This is the famous Tangyuan Alliance. After negotiation, Liao called Song a brother country, and Song provided Liao with 12, pieces of silver and 2, pieces of silk every year, which was equivalent to the tax revenue of two counties in Song Dynasty.
the total number of officials in the northern song dynasty is about 4,. At the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, there were nearly 5, people in the Hui Zong period, six times as many as in the Han Dynasty and twice as many as in the Tang Dynasty. The salary of officials in Song Dynasty consists of material money, meals and clothes. When Bao Zheng worked in Nanya Kaifengfu, there were three titles on his head, namely Yousi of Shangshu Province, straight bachelor of Longtuge, and the right to know the affairs of Kaifengfu. Judging from the evaluation of money and objects, the annual salary is about 1 million pounds
The capital of song dynasty in Tokyo, during the Warring States Period, the Wei, Hou Jin, Hou Han, Hou Zhou, Song and Jin Dynasties, was a dream for a thousand years. It was designated as the capital city in the Northern Song Dynasty and reached its peak. It was the political, economic and cultural center of China at that time. The capital of Song Dynasty consists of imperial city, inner city and outer city. The circumference of the outer city is 5 Li and 165 steps, which is about 46. 86 miles. The population is more than 1.5 million, which is equivalent to one third of Kaifeng's population today. At the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, the population of China exceeded 1 million.
xuande building, the entrance to the city, is about 37 meters long, and it is called the imperial street. As the name implies, it is the family of the emperor's exclusive passage. It is equivalent to the distance from the noon gate to the end gate of the Forbidden City in Beijing, with the same meaning. The emperors in the early Northern Song Dynasty were pragmatic, such as this Imperial Street, when the emperor had something important, he imposed martial law. Usually, this is a vegetable market, just like a market. During the reign of Hui Zong and Hui Zong, it was officially forbidden to set up stalls on the Royal Street, and people or horses were not allowed to go there. There are flowers and trees on both sides of the street, with lotus flowers, peaches and plums in various colors. Speaking of spring and summer, it looks like embroidery.
the south gate faces ouchi, so ordinary people are not allowed to pass funeral vehicles here, which is unlucky. However, since then, folk pork dealers have had to go to the city and sell a lot of pork food to the night market in the capital of song dynasty to supply food for the residents of the capital of song dynasty. Isolation, no water injection. At night, tens of thousands of pork dealers entered the city outside Nanxun, and only a dozen staff members kept order. After a long time, the rules were formed and orderly, without stragglers and jumping the queue.
In the Tang Dynasty, the Li Fang system was implemented, and the city was divided into several closed houses as residential areas, while commerce and handicrafts were limited to some cities that were open and closed regularly, and curfews were imposed throughout the city. The Water Margin of the Tang Dynasty stipulates that 6 drums are played behind closed doors every night, and 4 bells are played in the morning after five o's when the door is opened. Anyone wandering in the streets of the city after and before beating the drums will be punished by twenty times. In the Song Dynasty, with the development of commerce, the Li Fang system was broken, the curfew was cancelled, and nightlife appeared, with the characteristics of modern society. For example, the night market in Qiao Zhou is mainly a variety of snacks, and it closes at midnight. This is very rare in northern cities, such as Harbin, where Rulang is located, with a 1o clock.
the fire control mechanism is sound, and the Kaifeng government bears the main responsibility. The urban management in the early Song Dynasty still used the inner lane system. Each lane is equipped with a patrol room of about 46 meters, and there are five patrol officers who are responsible for public security and fire control at night. A brick watchtower was built high, and someone was on duty upstairs. All kinds of fire fighting equipment are complete. In the event of a fire in a residential building, the leaders of the military department, the three official buildings in front of the temple and Kaifeng House were all dispatched to let the people spare no effort.
The commerce in Song Dynasty was highly developed. Today, many life in Song Dynasty can be found, such as commercial streets, chain stores and 24-hour shops. Such as Panlou South Street, Chatang Lane, Malaysia Airlines North Street and Hele Building. Clothing Street Loudong Street is open 24 hours a day. The Song Dynasty was called Guishizi. The famous snacks in Beijing are Cao Shi, Xuangeng Store, Wanjia Steamed Bread Store, Dingjiasu Tea Store, Lisi Restaurant, Jinjia Store, Youbing Store, Haizhou Zhangjiahu Cake Store, Madangjia Store and so on. And those big businesses are all chain operations.
business is developed, and Buddhism is no exception. Sokokuji is a form of
the capital of song dynasty in summer. It is very hot and mosquitoes are rampant, but there are no mosquitoes in Xingjie Ma. This street is dozens of miles long from north to south and is a famous medical street. The fastest way to get money is to rob the road, followed by selling medicine, so there are many rich people in this street. There are many rich people, so entertainment places naturally pile up in this street. This is one of the busiest streets in the capital of Xingjie Ma. The oil lamp stays on until dawn at night, every day. Mosquito-repellent incense oil, so this street is also called mosquito-free street
the capital of song dynasty is full of delicious food. The famous snacks in Kyoto in the Northern Song Dynasty include plum blossom steamed bun, Cao meat pie, mutton rice, plum blossom goose and duck, Cao gourmet, Xu Jiaxuan soup, oil cake, Wang Jiashi, Duan Jiatang, Shifeng eight-character meat and so on. In the Southern Song Dynasty, there were fish soup, Li mutton, Wang Naiwu and Song Xuedu soup on Wusao Lake. These are pure time-honored brands, not comparable to Beijing Quanjude and Liubiju.
Chef Zhang Mei opened a small restaurant outside _ River Gate, which is a famous snack in Beijing. Zhang Meijia is good at doing business. His family supplies on demand and sells corresponding food according to seasonal festivals. The capital is the only place dedicated to one thing. For example, it is sold on the first day of the first month and January; People, selling 61 dishes; Shangyuan Festival, selling oil-painted pearl rice; February 15th, selling Nie _ dough; Cold food festival, selling Dongling porridge; On the eighth day of April, we sell steamed buns. At noon, sell Ruyi Yuan; Japanese, selling green wallets; Tanabata, selling rice; Central Plains, selling Peilan pie stuffing; Mid-Autumn Festival, selling moon soup; Double Ninth Festival, selling rice cakes and so on. At that time, people called this unique mode of operation water shop to cultivate consumers' habits. Every peak season, the Zhang family is in short supply and overcrowded.
there are 4, to 3, stores, each with its own characteristics. Ordinary hotels and restaurants are equipped with doctor's tea and drinks, similar to greeters and orderers, watching people order. If you are young and rich, you will provide special services for your guests. Of course, Dr. Chajiu will get a commission. The restaurant has become a multifunctional place, and the prostitutes below come out of nowhere to make a living. The porn industry in Song Dynasty was extremely developed and legalized. Pornographic services like those provided by restaurants can be seen everywhere. Only State Bridge Tanzhang and Zhizhangtang, we don't provide this service. Selling wine is selling good wine. Call prostitutes to Yang Lou and Fengle Building.
Inevitably, prostitution flourished, and the porn industry in the Song Dynasty was unprecedentedly developed. Youfang Lane and Yan Guan Attic, to name a few. Originally, she was a singer and dancer, but because she was engaged in singing and dancing music, she gradually became a sex worker. In the Song Dynasty, there were many famous prostitutes, including Liu E, Zhen Jinlian, Xie, female, Chaoyun, Yu Wenrou Niang, You, Yan Xijiao, Xie Suqiu, Li Shishi, Hua, Shen Qide, Liang Hongyu, Tan Yige and Yan Rui.
The commercial tax in Song Dynasty exceeded the agricultural tax for the first time. There are more than 3 commercial banks in Kaifeng, the capital, with many industries and detailed division of labor. There are also some seemingly insignificant small businesses, such as peeling lotus seeds, that is, selling peeled lotus seeds to fruit shops and dr
Kaifeng's catering industry is the most developed, with many restaurants, the big one is called Zhengdian and the small one is called Jiaodian. Kaifeng has 72 head stores and tens of thousands of foot shops. Fan Lou, located outside Donghuamen, is the first of 72 stores. There are five buildings in Fan Lou, each with a three-story structure. The decoration is absolutely the most luxurious in Kaifeng, which can accommodate thousands of drinkers. Magnificent, comparable to the Forbidden City, equivalent to the current star hotel.
in the song dynasty, private brewing was forbidden and monopolized by the government. The store has the right to make wine, but the shoe store has no right to T. So we have to go to the government to buy distiller yeast and brew it ourselves. That's what officials in Kaifeng, Kyoto did. At the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, there were 23 kinds of liquor in China, including 27 kinds of Kaifeng nobles and 28 kinds of Kaifeng mansion. The best wine is Necufa wine, which is the best in the world, leaving only the palace. It's not soju or distilled liquor. It's similar to the present liqueur, with a low degree, and similar to beer, so it can be drunk in a big bowl. For example, Gong Weiling and Zhong Wusong drank 18 bowls of wine before and after killing tigers. You told him to drink 65% of the burning knife, and he had to lie down and fight monkey boxing for three bowls.
It's nothing new for monks in Daxiangguo to sell meat. Some incompetent monks simply joined forces to run the pork business, euphemistically calling it burning pig farms. The leader is monk Huiming, who is good at cooking, especially at cooking meat dishes. He was famous in Beijing and became a well-known food master in Kaifeng for a time.
the entertainment industry is very popular and developed. Entertainment places are called Vashe, that is, places for large-scale cultural performances, which are mostly located in bustling places and are conducive to publicity and profit. If the cellar can see, how many people can see it and it is not well used? Washe is divided into many fences. There are more than 5 hooks in a big washhouse that can accommodate thousands of people. The programs performed by each hook bar are also different, including rap, folk art, acrobatics, puppet show, ventriloquism, sumo wrestling, monkey playing and so on. Entertainment circles are everywhere, from official to local, from folk to military camps, everywhere. In front of the temple, he commanded the envoy Yang. He set up a tile house in the military camp, recruited a large number of folk artists and dancers, and performed cultural performances to express his condolences to the army.
in the entertainment circle, mass entertainment is extremely developed, especially in writing. In Song Dynasty, poetry was pure literature. Ci is a kind of popular art, which belongs to common folk music. It is of the same nature as our popular saliva songs today. The most famous poet at that time was not Su Dongpo, but Liu Sanbian. He was ordered to write lyrics, but where there is a well water, there must be Liu Yong's lyrics. There are also professional singers, namely geisha, who are the earliest pop musicians.
, which can be bought in Lu Yi store. The price is cheap, and Xian Yi, young and old, is not bullied. This appeared in the Southern Song Dynasty, similar to today's guide map. Inn, restaurant, toilet, etc. It is marked on the map of scenic spots, which greatly facilitates people's travel. Tourism also had a certain scale in Song Dynasty, and major cities often held tourism festivals to attract tourists, such as Chrysanthemum Festival in Kaifeng and Peony Festival in Luoyang. Luoyang Peony Festival is more lively than Chinese New Year. All the residents in the city, from dignitaries to pawns, will arrange flowers. This festival lasts until the flowers fade.
There are nearly 1, romantic workshops in Bianliang, Tokyo, which has become a pillar industry of taxation. Not only female prostitutes, but also male prostitutes. Many down-and-out children are unwilling to make progress and willing to sell meat. This particularly romantic workshop is called beehive. During the Song Huizong government's rule, the government issued a circular prohibiting men from engaging in prostitution, with 1 staff members and a tip of 5 yuan. Female prostitution can not be banned, let alone male prostitution. So the law gradually lost its effectiveness. During the Southern Song Dynasty, the wind was stronger, and
the article came from Water Margin Author: Zhao Jiasaburo Publishing House: Tongxin Publishing House.