Liu Jiao's death was inevitable at that time. Because they face only two choices: either give in to Jiao Liumu Xiong and break their love vows; Or defend their love vows with death. Liu Hejiao can't choose the third possibility at will. Because the social conditions they live in are not their own choice, but they were established and inherited in the past. The deaths of Liu and Jiao were caused by external pressure, but also by internal reasons. The reason is that their own thoughts can't get rid of the feudal thoughts that dominated at that time. The Book of Rites is the core memorial of life, which points out: "Women have seven ways to go: disobeying their parents, not having children, whoring, jealousy, illness, talkativeness and stealing." Jiao Mu persecuted Liu Lanzhi with his first article. The Book of Rites also stipulates: "A son is a good wife, and his parents are unhappy." Jiao Mu ruled Jiao Zhongqing with filial piety. After Liu Lanzhi returned to her family, she was also bullied by paternalism. So, are Liu Lanzhi and Jiao Zhongqing fundamentally opposed to these feudal dogmas? No. What Liu Hejiao argued repeatedly was that they did not violate these feudal norms. Their understanding has to be limited by the times. What is different from Jiao's mother is that the ideal of love conflicts with these feudal dogmas, while Jiao's mother thinks that sticking to these feudal dogmas can truly safeguard the happiness of herself and her relatives. Obviously, under the social conditions at that time, Jiao Mu and Liu were strong and doomed to be weak. They were not in the May 4th Movement to overthrow Kongjiadian, but in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, when the landlord class in China still had a bright future and the feudal system was still rising. The struggle between Liu Lanzhi and Jiao Zhongqing is only an unconscious and hopeless conflict between their own reasonable human requirements and feudal ethics that violate these requirements. Therefore, their death is the inevitable requirement of history and the product of this requirement. Their death is an indictment of the evil nature of feudal morality. The limitation of ideology cannot change or deny its objective role in practice. Liu Lanzhi and Jiao Zhongqing were worthy of being the early rebels of feudal ethics, because they did not succumb to feudal ethics. Death and submission are the destruction of feudal ethics. But this is the destruction of two different natures. If they give in, then although their bodies are still alive, their souls and their love ideals no longer exist. Death, on the other hand, shows their struggle to adhere to the ideal of love, conforms to the inevitability of historical development, wins the sympathy and respect of future generations, and becomes the spiritual inspiration for future generations to crush feudal shackles.
Therefore, the death of Liu and Jiao broke through the narrow scope of individuals and families, which has great typical significance and exposed extremely common social problems. The great ideological value of Peacock Flying Southeast lies in its family tragedy of Liu Lanzhi and Jiao Zhongqing's double suicide, which vividly exposes the early cannibalism in China feudal society, enthusiastically praises Liu Lanzhi and Jiao Zhongqing's rebellious spirit of being loyal to love and resisting oppression, and directly entrusts the people with their ardent yearning for freedom of love and marriage.
The greatest artistic achievement of Peacock Flying Southeast is to create a distinctive character image through the dialogue of individual characters. Throughout the conversation, we can see Liu Lanzhi's different attitudes and tone towards Zhong Qing, Jiao Mu, sister-in-law, brother and mother. It is in this difference that she can feel her industrious, kind, oppressed and rebellious character. Similarly, in Jiao Zhongqing's words on various occasions, we can also feel his honest and weak but developing character, loyal to love, discerning right from wrong but being forced by his mother. In the poem, before Lan Zhi and Zhong Qing died, Lan Zhi pretended to agree to remarry. After Zhong Qing saw Lan Zhi, he went home to say goodbye to his mother. Their words at this moment are very suitable for their respective identities and situations. Imagine that if Lan Zhi said she would die, this weak woman would be bound by violence and forced to get married. However, Zhong Qing's situation is naturally different from that of Lan Zhi. For example, "If I am angry for a long time, how can you get rid of it?" And "If boys are fearless, how can they help women?" Here you can see Jiao Mu's arrogance: "Why not plan?" Marry a government official first, then a husband. Is Thailand as glorious as heaven and earth? If you don't marry Yi Langti, do you want any rhyme? "This shows Mr. Liu's snobbery. Even the short conversations of matchmakers, government officials and other minor figures are in line with their identity and characteristics.
In poetry, the concise description of characters' behavior is helpful to the vividness of images; Exquisite lyrical interludes enhance the charm of the works. "When the chickens crow outside, the bride's makeup is very strict. I embroider a skirt, and everything is four or five ways. "I wrote the ambivalence when I left Jiao's family. She wants to get up at dawn, which shows her determination not to live in Jiao's house. Strict makeup is her protest and demonstration of focusing on her mother. When dressing up, everything is mixed, showing her delicate psychology of loving Jiao Zhongqing and reluctant to leave. "When I said goodbye to my sister-in-law, tears rolled down her eyes." Sister-in-law is not easy to get along with, and Lan Zhi has a harmonious relationship with her sister-in-law, which shows that she understands etiquette and is easy to get along with. This is in contrast to the burnt wood. Besides, Lan Zhi's stubbornness can also be seen when she gave up her mother's tears and her sister-in-law's tears. The same is true of Jiao Zhongqing's image portrayal. He sent Lan Zhi to the door of the road, "dismounted and got on the bus, bowed their heads and whispered", showing a true feeling. I heard that Lan Zhi was going to get married, and "it will take two or three miles to get rid of kurama's sorrow". In the poem, the sadness of the horse set off his intense inner pain. Before he died, he sighed in the empty room and moved to the house. He was still taking care of his mother. Here, he becomes more and more honest and kind. There are some similar action descriptions in the whole poem. Although there is not much pen and ink, it is very essence. When Lan Zhi died, he did not hesitate to "take off his skirt and silk shoes and lift himself to the pool"; When Zhong Qing died, he took care of his mother, "wandering under the courtyard tree and hanging the southeast branches." These different action details are suitable for their respective personalities and situations. The same mother, Jiao Mu, became furious after hitting the bed. When Liu Mu saw Lan Zhi coming home, she was both surprised and gentle, which is very vivid for describing her character. Lyric interlude is less than action portrayal, but it is also a successful pen. When Lan Zhi and Zhong Qing broke up for the first time, the author couldn't help sighing, adding a tragic atmosphere. "Life is death, hate is that", which makes the finishing point and arouses people's concern and sympathy for what happened to Liu. Even at the end of the poem, there is a strong lyric meaning, full of the author's sympathy and expectation. These natural and seamless lyric interludes have a wonderful effect on characterization and add emotional color to the whole poem.
It is particularly noteworthy that the use of metaphor and romance in this poem has played a very important role in shaping the image. The author's feelings and ideological tendencies are clearly expressed through this artistic method. At the beginning of the poem, "Peacock flies southeast, drifting five miles" is a kind of "xing" technique, which is used to arouse the love of harmony and decorate the atmosphere of the whole article. In the last paragraph, in the cemetery where Liu Hejiao was buried together, the branches and leaves of pine, cypress and phoenix trees were hidden, and Yuanyang sang all night. This not only symbolizes the immortal love of Jiao Liu and his wife, but also symbolizes their eternal grief and accusation. From the realistic double-burial portrait to the portrait of a pine, cypress and mandarin duck symbolizing eternal love and happiness, it shows the people's belief that freedom and happiness will inevitably come in the future. This is the romantic development of Liu Jiao's image, shining with incomparable ideal brilliance, which makes the whole poem have a qualitative leap.
Peacock Flying Southeast has a complete, compact and fine structure. The organization of the plot adopts the way of double-line alternating promotion. Among them, one clue consists of the relationship between Liu Lanzhi and Jiao Zhongqing; Another clue is the relationship between the couple and Jiao Mu's brother Liu, which is dominant in the whole poem.
The contradiction in the poem is the contradiction between Liu and Jiao and his mother. This is a struggle between persecution and anti-persecution. It was the first conflict, and Zhong Qing asked his mother for a passage, depicting Jiao Mu's domineering and Zhong Qing's weakness. Lan Zhi's resignation from Shiva is the second conflict, which reflects the cruelty of Jiaomu and the struggle of Lan Zhi. Lan Zhi's refusal to marry is the third conflict between Lan Zhi and his brother, which highlights Lan Zhi's loyalty to wealth, immoral character and his brother's meanness. Zhong Qing bid farewell to her mother and wrote down her stubbornness and Zhong Qing's commitment. These four conflicts intensified every time, until they were both double suicide. Especially the protagonist Lan Zhi, her resolute struggle influenced and decided Zhong Qing's attitude and struggle.
The emotional entanglement between Lan Zhi and Zhong Qing is based on the above contradictions and conflicts. The first paragraph of Langer's complaint shows her trust in Zhong Qing and explains the background of the contradiction. Zhong Qing's failure to find his mother and Liu's departure from Jiao reflected Zhong Qing's tender feelings. After the second conflict with Lan Zhi, Zhong Qing's farewell fully expressed the sincere feelings between husband and wife. Lan Zhi's refusal to marry in the third conflict, Zhong Qing's resentment, Lan Zhi's confession and their farewell vividly depict eternal love. It can be seen that the above two clues are mutually causal and develop alternately, completing the narrative of the story and the interpretation of the fate of the characters.
The fine structure of this poem is also reflected in the echo. The metaphor of Pu Weiyan, which appeared twice in different occasions in the poem, really deepened the readers' understanding of Liu Jiao and his wife's love loyalty, and also strengthened their sense of integration when reading this work. In addition, Lan Zhi's concern about his younger brother's "violent behavior" and Jiao Mu's "master's beauty" are also hidden and cared for in his poems, showing fine structure and meticulous poetic thinking.
The structural characteristics of fine needle thread in Peacock Flying Southeast are due to simple and appropriate tailoring. The stories of Liu Lanzhi and Jiao Zhongqing are very complicated, and they will not be unified unless they are cut and concentrated. "When the two families heard the death of two people, they mourned in panic and felt sorry for each other. There must be an affair. However, if you write again, it will drag on. So ask for burial directly, the situation is tight, but you know there is no idle talk from beginning to end. Don't write about the family situation of the previous two families, and don't pay attention to their family situation. After that, I won't write two robberies, and I don't care about this. People who can write about God without predicates are not idle. If it is indispensable, if it has nothing to do with the person you like, it is idle. The cutting method can also be realized here. " It is these so-called indispensable but irrelevant materials that are most easily lost in cutting. In fact, some seemingly indispensable materials are not necessarily the most important materials, nor are they necessarily the materials that need pen and ink most. Some of them just need to be briefly explained, such as the family situation of the two families in the poem, the grief and regret after the death of their families and so on. Here, the key is to grasp the "favorite" of poetry, select and sort out the material of poetry, and highlight the main clues, main characters and main feelings.
The handling of the details in the poem is excellent. Zhong Qing failed to invite his mother, Liu Jiao's farewell, Lan Zhi's wife's resignation, the satrap's wedding reception, etc. , are colorful paragraphs. These paragraphs are directly related to the key content of Liu Jiao's love tragedy in the whole poem, and play an extremely important role in shaping the characters, venting the emotions and showing the meaning of the problem. Even better, this kind of thick brushwork and heavy color plays a rich role in the basic style of the whole poem, which makes the whole description have a dense rhythm and moderate speed.