First, the hermit thought in Gui Xi Ci.
Tao Yuanming drifted in Guanhai for more than ten years, and in the year of weak crown, he began to travel in Guanhai to find a way out. Shen Chuan: "When I was young, I was a poor official. If I was not clean, I would go." However, Yuan Ming was forced by life and became a small official before serving as a state wine sacrifice. Although such a small official can be close to the people, he is even more powerless, because he has no power to be controlled by others and can only force himself to do something that hurts the people against his will. This kind of life makes Tao Yuanming very painful. "Wealth is not my wish, and the hometown of emperors cannot be expected." In that environment, we can't keep our true colors. Only when you return to the countryside can you find your true heart. If you are pregnant, you can go alone or insert a stick. Deng and He Lin wrote poems together. "As soon as the conversation is over, it will be over, and Luo Fu's fate will revive his doubts." This song was born in this state of mind.
Tao Yuanming has always appeared as a hermit, showing people with sincere and simple personality, hoping that current affairs will be as he wishes, but it is difficult to realize his attention. "Great falsehood and great prosperity", but the upright man is "the upright man is illusory." Be honest and not suspicious, be ashamed of slander; "Although I am holding Qionglan in my arms, it is elegant and clean, but who took it?" Tao Yuanming boasted that "chastity has its own quality, and jade is not strong", and said that his firmness is better than jade. This lofty ambition of loyalty and righteousness is the "simplicity" pursued by Tao Yuanming, which is not only reflected in the simplicity and naturalness of words and sentences, but also in the spiritual infection of words. At that time, the literature in the Jin and Song Dynasties was roughly divided into three types: the elegant and agile but lengthy style that imitated Xie Lingyun, the elegant and exquisite style that piled up stories, and the brilliant and brilliant style that matched the melody. In fact, these three types can be classified into one category, that is, the literary atmosphere that ignores the emotional function of poetry, while Tao Yuanming's works surpass Dan's literary atmosphere and become outstanding works independent of the present.
Su Shi's running script "Return to Xi Ci"
Second, the Sumen Gang and the Song Dynasty
Tao Yuanming, on the other hand, became a clean stream with his undisguised sincere personality and simple and natural language style. Although he was not valued at that time, he became synonymous with seclusion under the admiration of Su Shi. "Yuanming is a household name, which reached its peak in the Song Dynasty", and "Gui Xi Ci" is not only the peak of Tao Yuanming's works, but also the peak of his reclusive works.
Su Shi loved Tao Yuanming's poems all his life, especially "Xi Ci", and recreated it three times by imitation, revision and harmony. "Dongpo loves your song Lai Ci, which not only rhymes, but also evolves into long and short sentences, which are generally related to tune and whistle. Then it is divided into poetry collections, Ten Guiqu Lai Ci Poems and Quotations, which are only homophonic with Tao Yuanming's other works. The reason why Su Shi loves "Gui Xi Ci" is because Su Shi's self-feeling is similar to that of Tao Yuanming. Influenced by politics at that time, Su Shi was demoted several times. Both he and Tao were demoted three times. After the dispute between Wutai Poetry Case and Luoshu, Su Shi was exhausted. He was deeply impressed by Guanhai and lamented that "back and forth, we moved south and returned safely". "I just understood why this kind of life is so ordinary, and the hot and cold days are still different. The preface to Su Shi's poem "Returning to the Native with Tao" says: "Zi Zhan lived in Changhua, and in Yuan Dynasty he wrote the poem" Returning to the Native ",making his home in a land with nothing. Although he was overseas, he never forgot to go back to Yuner. "Being demoted, I have no hometown, and I don't even have a home to go back to. I feel more sad than Tao Yuanming. It seems that I am broad-minded but desolate. " It's gone, my life is destined to return, and I didn't do anything at first. "
Su Shi invited Su Zhe to make peace, and Su Zhe invited Qin Guan, Huang Tingjian, Li Zhiyi, Chao, Li Zhi and other Soviet scholars. This literary activity lasted for five years and continued until Su Shi's death. Scholars such as Sumen mourned Su Shi by making peace with Tao. At that time, this peace speech was vast and influential, but "Tao Yuanming" has always been a sea of people. "From the middle and late Northern Song Dynasty to the late Southern Song Dynasty, there was a craze for He Tao Ci. Su Men and Tao Ci became literary stories, and later generations of scholars followed suit. Every generation wrote a poem with Tao Yuanming's Gui Xi. However, there was no such grand occasion as Sumen Group and Taoci in any dynasty.