Lu Xun's major works include novel collection Scream (including Diary of a Madman, The True Story of Ah Q, Kong Yiji, etc.). ), wandering (including blessing, regret for the past, etc. ) and the collection of historical novels "New Stories". Prose collection Flowers in the Morning (including Mr. Fujino and Fan Ainong, etc. ). Prose poetry collection "Weeds". There are also a number of essays, such as Hot Wind, Gai Hua Collection, Continued Coverage of Flowers Collection, Justice Collection, Three Ji Xian Collection, Erxin Collection, Nanqiang North Collection, Pseudo-Free Book, Quasi-romantic Talk, Lace Literature, Qiejieting Essays and Qiejieting Essays. The novels Blessing, The True Story of Ah Q and Medicine were adapted into movies.
Lev tolstoy,/kloc-the greatest Russian writer in the 9th century. There are the long historical novel War and Peace, the landmark masterpiece Anna karenin and the novel Resurrection.
Zuo Zhuan, also known as Zuo Zhuan in the Spring and Autumn Period or Zuo's Spring and Autumn Period, is said to have been written by Zuo Qiuming, a historian of Lu. It is a chronicle history book that records the politics, economy, military affairs, diplomacy and culture of the vassal states in the Spring and Autumn Period, and it is the first chronicle history book in China. Rich in literature. The battle between Cao Gui, the battle of Kan, the defeat of Qin by Candle, etc. From this book.
China's first national history book, Guoyu, is said to have been written by Zuo Qiuming.
The Warring States Policy, 33 articles. The title of the book is either National Policy or State Affairs or Short Story or Long Book. Later, it was sorted out by Liu Xiang in the Western Han Dynasty and named Warring States Policy, which is a national history book and historical prose. It mainly records the political opinions and struggle strategies put forward by counselors and military strategists during the Warring States period when lobbying governors or arguing with each other, as well as their political activities. It has a great influence on the creation of prose and ci fu in later generations. Jing Ke stabbed the king of Qin, Zou Ji satirized the king of Qi in Jishi Shu, and Tang Ju did not live up to his mission.
Confucius, also known as Ni Fu and Sheng Fu, was a native of Lu in the Spring and Autumn Period and the founder of Confucianism. In his later years, he edited and arranged ancient cultural classics, such as Poetry, Shangshu and Chunqiu, to teach his disciples. The Analects of Confucius consists of 20 articles, which are compiled for Confucius disciples and their re-transmitted disciples. The first two words of each article are used as the title, such as learning and governing. The Analects of Confucius records the words and deeds of Confucius and his disciples, and represents the basic ideas of Confucius. The Analects of Confucius belongs to hundred schools of thought's philosophical prose and is listed as one of the "Four Books".
The four books refer to the Great Learning, The Doctrine of the Mean, The Analects of Confucius and Mencius.
Mencius, a famous guest and Yu, is a representative figure of Confucianism in the middle of the Warring States Period, and is known as the Yasheng in the world. Mencius, ***7 articles, not all written by Mencius, each with the first few words of the article as the title, such as Liang, Gong Sunchou, Gao Zi and so on. Mencius recorded Mencius' thoughts and political remarks. Mencius is a philosophical essay by hundred schools of thought and one of the Four Books. Mencius was good at argumentation and metaphor, which had a great influence on the development of later argumentative essays.
Xunzi, name, word Qing. Liu Xun, Xuan Di, the Emperor of the Han Dynasty, was originally named Sun Qing, a master of Confucianism at the end of the Warring States Period. Together with his disciples, he wrote Xunzi, among which "Persuading to Learn" and "The Theory of Heaven" are the most representative. Xunzi is a philosophical essay by hundred schools of thought.
Zhuangzi, a famous star of the Zhou Dynasty, is known as the "Southern Reality" in the world. He was a famous thinker, writer and Taoist representative in the Warring States Period, and his main work was Zhuangzi. Zhuangzi, also known as South China Classic, has 33 existing essays, which are hundred schools of thought's philosophical essays with strong romanticism and great influence on later literature.
Jia Yi is a famous political commentator, thinker and writer in the Western Han Dynasty, also known as Jia Sheng, Jia Changsha and Jia Taifu. The main works are "New Book" with 58 articles, and "On Qin" (the first, middle and next three articles) comes from this book. In addition, in terms of accumulation and storage. And Fu hanged Qu Yuan. Qin Lun and others initiated the theory of history, and their fu had a great influence.
Sima Qian, a historian, writer and thinker in the Western Han Dynasty, is also known as Taishigong, or Shi Qian for short. He is also called "the second Sima in history" with Sima Guang and "Ban Ma" with Ban Gu. His main work is Historical Records. Historical Records, also known as Taishi Gongshu, contains 130 volumes, including biographies 12 volumes, 30 families, 70 biographies, tables 10 volumes and 8 books. Biographies of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru, Hongmen Banquet, Self-recommendation by Mao Sui, Biographies of Qu Yuan, Xinlingjun Stealing Symbols to Save Zhao, etc. Historical Records is a historical prose. This is the general history of China's first biography. It created five styles: biography, biography, table and book. Known as "a true record and a faithful history", Lu Xun praised it as "a masterpiece by historians, leaving Sao without rhyme".
Tao Yuanming, a writer in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, with a bright word, calls himself Mr. Wu Liu, posthumous title Jingjie, the first outstanding pastoral poet in China, and a native of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. There are Tao Yuanming's collections, and his representative works include Peach Blossom Garden, Poems from the Garden, Returning to the Garden, Drinking and so on.
Gorky: a great proletarian writer in the former Soviet Union. His main works are autobiographical trilogy Childhood, On Earth, My University, Novel Mother, and prose poem Haiyan. Lenin called it "the most outstanding representative of proletarian art" and called Mother "a very timely book".
Sun Li: Originally named Sun Shuxun, he was born in Anping County, Hebei Province, and was a famous modern writer in China. Most of his works are novels and essays, and many chapters have the artistic power of lyric poetry. The most representative of this style is the author's masterpiece Lotus Lake. His works are full of poetry and are known as "poetic novels". Founder of "Baiyangdian School".
Lotus School: Also known as Baiyangdian School, represented by Sun Li. Sun Li's masterpiece Lotus Lake. The works of this school are generally full of romanticism and optimism, with vivid plot, fresh language, unpretentious, distinct rhythm, delicate description of reality, lyricism and strong poetry, so they are called "poetic novels".
Wang Bo: Zi Zi 'an is one of the "four outstanding figures in the early Tang Dynasty". The main works are Wang Zian Collection, among which the most famous ones are Farewell to the Deputy Governor's Office in Shu and Preface to the Knee King's Pavilion. He achieved the highest achievement among the "Four Masters".
Four outstanding figures in the early Tang Dynasty: Luo, Lu and Yang Jiong.
Han Yu: Back to the word, the official is the assistant minister of the official department. Posthumous title is the official department and Han Wengong, and the county looks at Changli, also known as Han Changli. Advocate of the ancient prose movement in Tang Dynasty, the first of the "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties". Also known as "Liu Han" with Liu Zongyuan. His major works include Shi Shuo, Ma Shuo, Yuan Yi, Jin Xuejie, and A Tribute to Twelve Langs. This is Mr. Changli's collection. He advocated restoring the prose tradition of the pre-Qin and Han dynasties and abandoning the wild prose since the Southern and Northern Dynasties. Advocate enriching the content of the article, "only to state things." In poetry creation, he advocates "taking prose as poetry" and strives for novelty.
Eight Great Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties: Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan in Tang Dynasty, Ouyang Xiu, Su Xun, Su Shi, Su Zhe, Wang Anshi and Ceng Gong in Song Dynasty. Liu Zongyuan, whose handwriting is very thick, is called Liu Hedong because he is from Hedong. He used to be the secretariat of Liuzhou, also known as Liu Liuzhou. One of the leaders of the ancient prose movement in the Tang Dynasty, together with Han Yu, was called "Liu Han". One of the "Big Eight". His main works include prose The Snake Catcher, Three Commandments (including Donkey of Money), Eight Notes of Yongzhou (including Little Stone Pond Book and Family Letter for Children), and poems The Fisherman and Jiang Xue. He was the first writer in China to formally write fables as independent literary works, which opened up a new stage of the development of ancient fable literature in China.
Du Mu: A famous poet in the late Tang Dynasty, named Mu Zhi, also known as Xiao Du, was as famous as Li Shangyin and was called "Du Xiaoli". In his later years, he lived in Fan Chuan Villa, named Du Fan Chuan. His main works are Epang Palace Fu, Jiang Nanchun Jueju, Tomb-Sweeping Day, Bo Qinhuai, Autumn Night, etc. He is especially good at the seven laws and the seven wonders. The prosaic tendency of Fu has a great influence on later generations.
Du Li: Li Bai and Du Fu. Li Bai, whose word is Taibai, is also known as Qinglian layman and is called "Poet Fairy". One of the three great poets in Tang Dynasty (Li Bai, Du Fu and Bai Juyi). His main works include Climbing Mount Tianmu in a Dream, Difficult Road to Shu, Midnight, Looking at Tianmen Mountain, Autumn Songs, Autumn Climbing Xie Tiao North Building, etc. And he is a romantic and unrestrained school and a high bee of classical poetry art. Han Yu praised: "Du Li's article is there, and the flame is long." Du Fu, in a nice word, called himself Shaoling Night Old. He used to be Zuo Shiyi and Yuan Wailang in the collating department, and was also called Du Shiyi and Du Gongbu. Just like Li Bai, he is called "Poet Saint". One of the three great poets in Tang Dynasty. His main works are Chedian, Hope in Spring, Cabin Broken by Autumn Wind, The Yellow River was recaptured by the imperial army, Three Officials (Xin 'an Official, Shihu Official and Tongguan Official), Three Farewells (Newly Married, Resigned, Homeless) and so on. , he became a Du Gongbu collection. The peak of realistic poetic art is called "the history of poetry". The first Yuefu poems directly promoted the new Yuefu movement headed by Bai Juyi.
Bai Juyi, the word Lotte, is a famous Buddhist in Xiangshan. The main advocate of the New Yuefu Movement in the mid-Tang Dynasty, one of the three great poets in the Tang Dynasty, was called "Bai Yuan" together with Yuan Zhen. His major works include Qin Zhongyin and New Yuefu (including The Charcoal Man). ), everlasting regret, pipa xing, etc. , compiled by himself as "Bai Changqing Collection" and later compiled as "Bai Xiangshan Poetry Collection". He is the successor of the realistic tradition, and advocates that "articles should be written in time, songs and poems should be written"; The representative of the popular school, according to legend, the old woman can understand.
Xiao: Li Shangyin and Du Mu. Li Shangyin, Zi Yishan,No. Yuxi Sheng, Fan Nansheng. His main works include Hundred Rhymes in the Western Suburb, Leyuan Scenic Area, Jinse, Untitled and so on. Poems of Li Yishan, Collected Works of Fan Nan and Travels are all long political poems. Untitled poems are mostly about love, lingering and embroidery, which have a great influence on later generations.
Su Ran, a great essayist in the Northern Song Dynasty, was named Lao Quan. One of the "Eight Masters" in Tang and Song Dynasties, and one of the "Eight Masters" with Shi and Su Zhe. His main work is Luan Cheng Ji, collectively known as Three Sows. Jia's main works are
Wang Anshi, a politician, thinker and writer in the Northern Song Dynasty, is a famous symbol festival, whose name is Banshan, and his name is Jing Guogong. Posthumous title Wang and Wang Wengong. One of the "Eight Masters". His main works are You Bao Chan, Hurt Zhong Yong, Yuanri, Boarding in Guazhou, etc. His native place is Linchuan, and his collection is Wang Linchuan. 1 1 reformers in China in the 20th century.
Ouyang Xiu: a writer and historian in the Northern Song Dynasty, a famous uncle, a drunkard, a laity on June 1st, and Wenzhong in posthumous title. A literary leader in the Northern Song Dynasty, one of the "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties". His main works are The Book of the New Tang Dynasty and The History of the New Five Dynasties co-edited by Song Qi (from which the preface of Lingguan came). There are also Zuiwengting Ji, Qiu Sheng Fu, Liu Yi Zi and so on. Ouyang Wenzhong and Liu Yishi's Poem Collection is China's first poem collection.
Su Shi: a famous writer and calligrapher in the Northern Song Dynasty, whose name is Zi Zhan, whose word Dongpo is a layman. Posthumous title Wen. One of the "Eight Masters of Tang and Song Dynasties", he was also called "Song Sijia" with Cai Nang, Huang Tingjian and Mi Fei in calligraphy. His main works include Fu on the Red Wall, Shi Zhongshan Collection, Tixilin Wall, Shuidiao Song Tou, Niannujiao and so on. , which is the complete works of Dongpo. The greatest literati in the Song Dynasty. Can "create new ideas in statutes and give wonderful reasons outside the unruly." Created a school of bold and unconstrained words. It is also called "Han Dynasty and Su Hai" with Han Yu.
Gui Youguang, an influential essayist in Ming Dynasty, was named Xifu, whose name was Zhenchuan. His main works include Ji Xiang Xuan Paper, The First Brief Introduction and Zhenchuan Anthology. He admired the ancient prose of Tang and Song Dynasties and was called "Tang and Song School".
Zhang Pu: Tian Ru, the leader of "Fu She" in Ming Dynasty. His main works are Seven Records of Zhai Ji and Monument to the Tomb of Five People.
Yao Nai: Qing Dynasty essayist, named Ji Chuan, was Mr. Bao. The main works are Xi Baoxuan's Collected Works and Climbing Mount Tai. One of the founders of Tongcheng School. Advocate the combination of righteousness, textual research and rhetoric.
Tongcheng School: The prose school in Qing Dynasty, also known as Tongcheng School of Literature and Tongcheng School of Ancient Literature, was named after its main representatives, Fang Bao, Kui and Yao Nai, who were all Tongcheng people. Tongcheng School is the largest prose school in the literary world of Qing Dynasty, and its writers are numerous, widespread and lasting, which are rare in the history of China literature.
Fang Bao: Gao Ling, an essayist in Qing Dynasty. No, Wang Xi is from Tongcheng, Anhui. His major works include Mr. Fang Quan Qian, Zuo Yi Shi and so on. The founders of Tongcheng School took "easy hair" as their religion. "Righteousness" means "words nurture things"; "Fa" means "orderly speech", and the language style pursues elegance and cleanliness.