Poetry must be
"Emotion moves in the middle and is formed in words"
China's classical poetry was characterized by its direct sensory power from the beginning. When it comes to writing poetry, it must be "emotion moves in the middle and words are spoken", that is, seeing the external scenery move the heart and then expressing it with poetry.
Xin Qiji has two words: "One pine and one bamboo are true friends, and one mountain bird and one mountain flower are good brothers." Every pine tree and bamboo is my friend, and a bird and a flower on the mountain are my brothers. People should have this kind of love and care for everything in the universe.
In the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Zhong Rong's Preface to Poetry said: "An angry animal is touching, so it swings its temperament and dances." He believes that the movement of Yin and Yang between heaven and earth has touched everything, the growth and change of everything, touched people's hearts and caused the swing of people's temperament, and the best way to express this emotion and swing is poetry.
"Preface to Poetry" also said: "Jiahui will send poems to relatives and leave poems to complain. As for the defected country, Han concubine resigned from the palace. Or the bone is horizontal and the soul is flying. Or negative ge wai garrison, kill the public side. When the guest's clothes are stuffed, the widow's tears will flow out. Or a scholar goes out to the DPRK and never returns. It is good for a woman to have a young moth, and then she looks forward to dumping her country. How can all kinds of responses, the soul of feeling, and non-Chen poems show their meaning? Why not Long song? " It can be seen that the essence of poetry known by Zhong Rong is the product of spontaneous temperament of the mind.
What moves people is not only the external and natural scenery, but also the life and death parting in the world. For example, Du Fu wrote a poem in Tianbao Gone with the Times: "The wine and meat in Zhumen stink, and the road has frozen bones." Don't you care when you see people starving and freezing to death along the way? Therefore, the real motivation and rise of poetry can make people care about everything in the universe and society.
Poetry reading
It is unique to the Chinese nation.
Poetry is a beautiful writing, which includes form, sound and meaning, so the sound of poetry is very important.
One of the characteristics of our language in China is that it has four tones-flat, upward, downward and inward. Except China, English, French, Japanese and Korean have not changed. When we say "flower", a word is a sound, and it is monosyllabic. The English word "flower" is a complicated syllable. This monosyllabic style is the characteristic of our China language.
Therefore, poetry is hierarchical and structured, with a unique tone. This flat structure and tone are not given to us by the ancients, but naturally formed. The Book of Songs is mostly four words and one sentence. Why? It is because of our monosyllabic language that four words and one sentence can show the rhythm. One word has no rhythm, two words have no rhythm, three words are monotonous, and four words have even tones and rhythms.
The first song in the Book of Songs is: "Guan Guan Luo Gui, in Jiangzhou, a gentle and graceful lady, a gentleman is good." Scattered leeks, flowing from left to right, are my fair lady, asking for it. "It only has a rhythm when there is a pause in two words, and this rhythm is the basic rhythm of our Chinese. Therefore, whether it is a five-character poem or a seven-character poem, in principle, it is a pause of two words. For example, "Although the country is broken, the mountains and rivers will last forever" is the pause on February 21. " It was a long time before I met her, but it has been longer since we separated "is the pause of 223." This pause is the most basic rhythm of poetry.
China's traditional poetry recitation is a tone formed through an inevitable and natural evolution process in combination with the language and writing characteristics of the Chinese nation. Although it sounds strange or even monotonous now, it is unique to the Chinese nation. So I think the traditional chanting in China is very important.
In Delighting in Rain on a Spring Night,
Have a kind heart.
We all use Mandarin now, and there are no Rusheng words. In ancient times, Li Bai and Du Fu both wrote poems with entering tone.
Du Fu has a poem called "Delighting in Rain on a Spring Night", which describes that it rained on a spring night, and the poet was very happy to see it. In ancient times, China was an agricultural society. When the spring rain comes, everything begins to grow, so we can start farming. This is a very important season of our year.
If there is no rain or drought in spring, there will be drought. Therefore, Du Fu said that "good rain knows the season", and good rain conforms to the rainy season and rains just right. The word "Jie" is Rusheng.
"When spring comes", when everything needs to be moistened in spring, it rains. "Occurrence" means rain, and the word "hair" is also a modal particle.
"Sneak into the night with the wind, moisten things silently", the rain that moistens everything is not a storm, it has no noise and no noise, and moistens the life of everything. Like a person, you do a lot of beautiful things, without preaching, without noise, just in the subtle silence.
Next, the words "wild trail forest is completely black" and "black" are used as words. On that desolate field road, it began to rain in the Woods and the night became darker.
"The wild trails are all black, and the rivers are bright." But the lights on the river boat are still on, and the fishermen are still there with lights on. Du Fu is great because he is a poet who cares most about the country and people. The poet takes heaven and earth as his heart, and there is a kind of kindness in Du Fu's poems.
Look at the red and wet place at dawn. Have a look at it at dawn tomorrow. It has a moist bright red color. It turns out that the peony is a spring flower. "Flowers attach importance to Jinguan City" refers to Chengdu, Sichuan. Chengdu is called "Jincheng" because it is said that the river there is beautiful, like a piece of brocade.
In this poem, you not only feel the spring rain, but also feel Du Fu's concern for the people.
And you should pay attention to the syllables of this poem, that is, the words that enter the tone must be pronounced correctly, otherwise it will be bad. So the poem is even and easy to sing.
Read words and recite poems,
To understand the profound connotation it hides.
Let's enjoy another word, which is said to be the work of Li Bai, but this one can't be tested. The keynote of its inscription is "Recalling Qin E".
"Xiao pharynx, the dream is broken. In Qin Louyue, the willow leaves turn every year, and Baling sends farewell, and the clear autumn festival is held in the scenic spot. Xianyang ancient road is absolutely silent. The sound of dust died out, the west wind still shone, and the Han family lost. "Whether this word was written by Li Bai or not, it is a good word.
When you read words, you recite poems. You can't just look at the literal meaning, but understand its hidden profound connotation.
This word was written in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, at the time of prosperity and decline. The Tianbao Rebellion was a major turning point in the Tang Dynasty. Before the Tianbao Rebellion, it was the prosperous time of Kaiyuan, the rule of Zhenguan and the prosperous time of Tang Dynasty. After the Battle of Tianbao and the fall of Chang 'an, the Tang Dynasty went downhill.
The author of this word must have deep sorrow. Let's start with "Xiao Shengyan, the dream is broken". Why Qin E and Qin Lou? There is a source. China's poems pay attention to the source, and every word has its source.
Why do you call a beautiful girl Qin E? Why do beautiful girls live in Qin Lou? It is because we have an ancient Yuefu poem in the Han Dynasty: "The southeast corner of sunrise shines on me in Qin Lou." The sun rises in the southeast corner and shines on the upstairs of a family named Qin. "Qin has a good daughter who calls herself Luo Fu." Therefore, Qin E, a woman in the upper echelons of the Qin Dynasty, represents a beautiful woman.
This word seems to be an ordinary word to describe the resentment of acacia, but it is written in Tianbao's An Shi Rebellion, which has profound implications.
This work has brought us very rich associations. "Xiao Shengyan, the dream is broken." You hear the flute and weep. The woman upstairs misses the person who is far away from her every moonlit night.
"Qin Louyue, willow color every year, Baling farewell". Baling is a farewell place for Chang 'an, the capital city. If someone wants to travel far, say goodbye to Baling. However, the memorable person in this word may not refer to his lover, but to Tang Xuanzong who fled to Xishu. I stayed in occupied Chang 'an. Every year when the willows are green, I think of our court and our emperor. But now, our emperor is gone, "at the Clear Autumn Festival in Leyuan Scenic Area".
Leyuan Scenic Area is a grassland on the outskirts of Chang 'an. You can see far away. Many people have written poems about Leyuan Scenic Area. Du Fu wrote a poem: "If you want to take all the people to the rivers and seas, you can look up at Zhaoling in Leyuan Scenic Area." Li Shangyin also wrote a poem: "With the shadow of dusk, I am driving in Leyou tombs." It refers to Leyou Tomb. What I'm saying here is that the Leyuan Scenic Area is getting more and more bleak in the bleak autumn.
The man who set out from Chang 'an and set foot on the ancient Xianyang Road never came back. "The ancient Xianyang Road is absolutely silent." . Xuanzong has arrived in Sichuan, and there is no news of our king. "Yin Chen is dead" and his heart is broken.
"The west wind still shines, and the Han family is lost." Desolate autumn, sunset, a gust of autumn wind blowing. Where does the autumn wind blow? Where does the sunset shine? It is the "Tomb of the Han Dynasty", the tomb of the Han nationality in the Tang Dynasty, and our palace. It can be seen from the last two sentences-"the sunset of the west wind, the tomb of the Han family" that this is not an ordinary word to describe lovesickness between men and women. In this poem, there are poets' endless sadness and infinite feelings about the national crisis.
Therefore, reading poetry is not just "what you hear and say", but just memorizing it. You should know the writing time and background of that poem, and you should understand its content and profound feelings.
China's classical poetry will never perish.
China's classical poetry is so exquisite because China's classical poetry attaches great importance to the development of mind and things, from one life to two lives, from two lives to three lives, from three lives to infinity; Give priority to inner feelings, "take the heart as the ambition and take poetry as the speech". Du Fu said: "Decline": I am well aware of Song Yu's sadness. After reading Song Yu's works, Du Fu felt the sadness of Song Yu. Xin Jiaxuan said, "I learned a lot in my later years, but I saw it in my dream." I met Tao Yuanming in my dream, and I was moved by his poems, which can last forever. Therefore, "moving with emotion" is the life of China's poetry, which is endless.
For modern people, reciting poetry is to integrate the original rhythm of ancient poetry with their feelings when reading poetry, so as to combine their own life with the poet's life and make the life of poetry continue. This is the beauty of China's poems.
As for China's classical poems, someone once asked me: No one likes ancient poems now, and most people disapprove of reciting them. So, will China's poetry perish? I don't think so. China ancients wrote poems with feelings. They wrote their own inner feelings, and after reading their poems for thousands of years, they can still be equally moved. This is the life of China's poetry. Therefore, China's poetry will never perish. Because, as long as you are a sentimental, sentimental and cultured person, you will certainly be able to understand the rich and sincere life contained in poetry.