Du Fu, with beautiful words, was originally from Xiangyang. Generations were born in an official's family. He is a great realistic poet in our country and has a far-reaching influence on later generations. He, together with Li Bai and Bai Juyi, is called the three great poets in the Tang Dynasty.
Du Fu was frustrated all his life. At the age of 34, he took the ideal of "being a gentleman and being clean" and came to Chang 'an to take the exam for an official. It happened that Li, a traitor, played politics and none of the candidates were admitted. Du Fu was trapped in Chang 'an 15 years, and his life was difficult, and his son was starved to death. Later, it was worth the Anshi rebellion, so it was displaced. I heard that Tang Suzong was in Lingwu (now Ningxia), so he went to defect alone. The result was seen through by the rebels and taken back to Chang' an. Soon, he ventured to flee again and went to Fengxiang (now Fengxiang, Shaanxi Province), the temporary residence of Su Zong. "Ma Xie sees the son of heaven, and his sleeves show two elbows!" Seeing that she was really a talented person, the emperor gave him Zuo Shiyi's position and told him to stay with him to recommend sages and give advice. He is loyal to his country. However, in his second month in office, he was dismissed by Prime Minister Fang Fang. Du Fu wrote a letter to save the emperor, but he was killed first. He was soon banished to Huazhou (now Huayin, Shaanxi) and left the court forever. In 759 AD, during the drought, he resigned and moved to Sichuan, and lived in a thatched cottage next to Huanhuaxi in the western suburbs of Chengdu. Three years later, the Sichuan army rebelled and he began to wander again. Later, under the sponsorship of our ambassador Yanwu, I became the section chief. After Yanwu's death, he lost his dependence and was once again displaced with Jiangling, Yuezhou and Hengzhou. In the winter of 770 AD, this weather-beaten poet died on a boat on the Xiangjiang River at the age of 59.
Du Fu wrote thousands of poems in his life, and now there are more than 1400 left. His poems widely and profoundly reflect the historical status quo of the Tang society from prosperity to decline before and after the An Shi Rebellion, which was later called "the history of poetry". His poems are of high ideological and artistic quality, which can be called first-class. People call him a "poet saint". His poems such as Three Officials, Three Farewells (Xin 'an Official, Tongguan Official, Shi Haoguan, Wedding Farewell, Farewell to the Old, Homeless) and his representative poems such as Military Vehicle Shop, Two Roads, and Autumn Wind Breaking Grass House are widely circulated.
Du Fu's poems are very popular ideologically. In art, it has a typical realistic creation method that highly summarizes history and life; In terms of subject matter, it covers a wide range, including major social issues, gifts to friends, poems and paintings, etc. In terms of subject matter, writing five words, seven words, metrical poems, quatrains and Yuefu songs is handy.
The overall value of Du Fu's poems has a "keynote", that is, he wrote the immortal famous sentence "Dog meat in Zhumen stinks and bones freeze to death on the road", which highly summarized the social situation and his strong feelings at that time. This is also the reason why Du Fu's great realistic creative spirit and his poems are called "poetic saints" and "poetic history". Du Fu was a great patriotic poet in Tang Dynasty.
Li Bai, whose word is Taibai, was born in a merchant family. Li Bai was outstanding in his youth, wild and heroic. After the age of 20, roaming Bashan Shushui; At the age of 25, he traveled all over the country and spent ten years after marriage. He wandered around again, and later became a poetry friend with Meng Haoran. When Li Bai made his debut in Chang 'an, He marveled at him as soon as he saw him, and praised his poems for making the gods cry, so the nickname "Li Chenxian" was born. In the first year of Tianbao, he was appreciated by Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty and called into the capital. When I left home, I sang "Laugh at the sky and go out. Are we Artemisia people? " However, Li Bai, who was lofty and aloof, offended the traitors and eunuchs, refused to go along with them, and was finally expelled from the officialdom. I left Beijing three years later. After that, he wrote the famous Dream of Mount Tianmu. At the age of 44, I met Du Fu, then 33, and established a friendship, which was passed down as an eternal story. He was imprisoned during the Anshi Rebellion, was pardoned at the age of 59, and died in Dangtu (now Dangtu, Anhui) at the age of 62. Li Bai's life was ups and downs, and finally ended in tragedy.
Li Bai's poems, like his personality, are full of positive romantic spirit, and are famous for being wild, uninhibited, depressed and elegant, and later called "poetic immortals". People have workers. His poetry is brilliant, free and natural, and he never sticks to any rules and regulations, but his language is so smooth and harmonious. Li Bai is good at chanting lines and quatrains, but there are not many metrical poems. He wrote thousands of poems in his life. The contents of these things almost involved all aspects of social life that literati could touch at that time.
After Qu Yuan, there was a great romantic poet in China.
Climbing Mount Tianmu in a Dream is a work comparable to Qu Yuan's Li Sao. Qu Yuan described immortals as lofty and lofty, while Li Bai described fairyland as resentful and jealous. This poem is one of Li Bai's representative works. Through the description of the wonderful and breathtaking scenery of Tianmu Mountain, the poet expressed his eager yearning for the beautiful scenery of mountains and rivers and the imaginary fairy world, and showed his great hatred for the ugly social reality. Finally, he pointed out the irritating topic of "Oh, how can I seriously bow and scrape to those people with high status and important positions, and they will never tolerate others showing me a sincere face". In feudal society, it is rare that poets dare to express their dissatisfaction with the ruling class group directly in their poems, and those who dare to despise powerful people. So Li Bai deserves to be a great poet.
But among the ancient poets in China, the most patriotic poet is not Du Fu or Li Bai, but Lu You Lu Fangweng in the Song Dynasty.