Farewell to Secretary Shu Yun at Xie Tiao Tower in Xuanzhou
Author: Li Bai
Those who abandon me will not be able to stay the same as yesterday; those who disturb my heart will There are so many worries today.
The long wind sends the autumn geese flying thousands of miles away, and you can enjoy this high-rise building.
The Penglai article is built with bones in mind, with small Xie in the middle and clear hair.
We are all full of joy and hope, and want to go to the blue sky to see the bright moon.
Cut the knife to cut off the water, the water will flow more, and raise a cup to relieve the sorrow and sorrow.
If life is not satisfactory in this world, the Ming Dynasty will be ruined.
Notes
①. This poem is selected from Volume 18 of "The Complete Works of Li Taibai" (Zhonghua Book Company, 1977 edition). "Wenyuan Yinghua" is titled "Song of Accompanying Yu Shuhua on Climbing the Tower", and the two distinguished ones are Li Yun and Li Hua. Li Bai also wrote another five-character poem "A Farewell to the School Secretary Shu Yun", which was written in a spring, and there was no climbing of the building, so this poem has nothing to do with it. Most annotations by various writers date this poem to the autumn of Tianbao's twelfth year, but the words "Shhua" and "Shun" are vague. wait for verification. "New Tang Book·Li Hua Biography": "Tianbao moved to supervise the censor in the eleventh year." "New Book of Tang: Genealogy Table of Prime Ministers" Part 2: Zhongyun, son of Jingxin, the west ancestral house of the Li family in Zhaojun, Zuo Si Yuanwailang; Shuyun, supervisory censor. Xuanzhou: the area around present-day Xuancheng County, Anhui Province. Xie Tiao Tower, also known as Bei Tower and Xie Gong Tower, was built on Lingyang Mountain when Xie Tiao was the prefect of Xuancheng and renamed Diezhang Tower. In the twelfth year of Tianbao's reign (753), Li Bai traveled south from Liangyuan (now Kaifeng) and arrived in Xuancheng in the autumn. Li Bai also wrote a five-character poem "Ascending Xie Tiao North Tower in Xuancheng in Autumn". Farewell: farewell with wine and food. School Book: Official name, School Book Master, who is in charge of the court's book arrangement work. Shuyun: Li Bai's uncle Li Yun. The pronunciation of individual characters: 朓 (tiǎo), 楯 (jiàn), 学 (jiào)
Changfeng: far wind, strong wind.
②.Henry (hān) high building: drink in a high building.
③. Penglai: This refers to the Eastern View of the collection of books in the Eastern Han Dynasty. "Book of the Later Han Dynasty" Volume 23 "Biography of Dou Rong" is appended with the biography of Dou Zhang. At that time, scholars called Dongguan Lao's Tibetan House and Taoist Penglai Mountain. Li Xian noted: "There are many scriptures on Dongguan." Penglai, the sacred mountain in the sea, is the palace of immortals, and the secrets of Jian'an Feng Gu Sutra are all there." Jian'an Gu: During the Jian'an period at the end of the Han Dynasty, the poems written by writers such as "Sancao" and "Qizi" were of outstanding character, and later generations called them "", "Seven Sons" are Kong Rong, Chen Lin, Wang Can, Xu Qian, Ruan Yu, Ying Jue, and Liu Zhen.
④. Jian'an character: Jian'an character refers to Cao Cao during the Jian'an period. The literary style represented by the poetry creation style of the father and son and the "Seven Sons of Jian'an". Jian'an is the reign name of Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty (196-220)
⑤. Xiao Xie: refers to Xie Tiao (464-499). ), named Xuanhui, was a poet of the Southern Dynasties. Later generations referred to him as Da Xie and Xiao Xie.
⑥. Qingfa: refers to the fresh and new style of poetry. . Hair, beautiful hair, elegant poetry
⑦. Yixing (xīng): elegant and unrestrained interest, mostly refers to the excitement of landscape travel. "Trent flying". Li Bai's "Congratulations to the Guests Returning to Vietnam": "The flowing water of Jinghu Lake is clear and clear, and the crazy guests return to their boats to enjoy themselves."
Thoughts: Ambition.
⑧Lan means picking. It is controversial whether it is the bright moon or the sun and the moon.
⑨. It means: wishful thinking.
⑩Ming Dynasty (zhāo): No. The next morning.
Not wearing a crown means not being an official. This is used to describe the ancient people wearing a crown and tying their hair. It means taking a small boat to retreat to the rivers and lakes. "Drinking Alone on Twelve Cold Nights" Note 25.
⑾. Bianzhou (piān) means seclusion in the rivers and lakes. In the late Spring and Autumn Period, Fan Li (li) said goodbye to King Gou Jian of Yue. "Floating in the rivers and lakes in a small boat" (Historical Records - Biography of Huo Zhi).
Translation
The yesterday that abandoned me can no longer be saved,
The things that disturbed my mood Today makes me extremely worried.
Faced with the wild geese returning south in the thousands of miles long wind, I can climb up to the tall building and have a drink.
Your article is like a literary work from the Han Dynasty. Generally vigorous and fresh. And my poetry style is also as fresh and beautiful as Xie Tiao's.
We are all full of pride and joy, and our thoughts are like flying up to the high sky to pick up the bright and clear flowers. The bright moon.
It was like taking out a sword to cut down the flowing water. Instead of being cut off, the water flowed even more rapidly. I raised my glass and drank, hoping to use the wine to eliminate my worries, but instead I became even more worried. Sad.
Ah! Life is so unsatisfactory, I might as well let my hair down tomorrow and drift freely in the rivers and lakes (retreat from the rivers and lakes)
Writing background
Li Bai came to Chang'an in 742 (the first year of Tianbao) with lofty political ideals and served in the Hanlin Academy. Two years later, he left the court because of being slandered, feeling very angry. He began his wandering life again. In the autumn of 753 (the twelfth year of Tianbao), Li Bai came to Xuanzhou. One of his uncles, Li Yun, who was a school secretary, was about to leave, so he wrote this poem to bid farewell to travelers. . The poem does not express farewell directly, but expresses his complaints and resentment about not being recognized for his talent.
Li Yun: Also known as Hua, he is Li Bai’s clan uncle. He was a famous essayist at that time. He once served as secretary and provincial secretary, and in the eleventh year of Tianbao, he served as censor.
He is the author of "Ode to Hanyuan Palace", and also has the inscription "Tombstone of Yuan Dexiu of Lushan Ling", written by Yan Zhenqing and in seal script by Li Yangbing, which was called the "Four Jue Stele" at that time. Dugu and "The Preface to the Collection of Li Gongzhong of Zhaojun, Wailang, the Secretary of the Inspection School" records: "(Tianbao) paid homage to the censor in the eleventh year. The powerful ministers stole the power, were greedy and cunning, and entered the company's official document, and issued two certificates. Thousands of stones, holding an ax in the direction, all counties are in charge." This shows Li Yun's uprightness, integrity and fearlessness as an official. This poem was written by Li Bai as a farewell party for Li Yun when he met Li Bai when he arrived in Xuancheng and climbed the Xietiao Tower together. The poem's words are generous and bold, expressing the poet's intense resentment for not being recognized for his talent, his strong dissatisfaction with the dark society and his persistent pursuit of a bright world.
Appreciation
This poem first describes the pain of wasting time and having no way to serve the country, then praises the talents and ambitions of both the host and the guest, and finally ends with a worldly anger. The whole poem is full of emotions, the emotions are rolling like wild waves, and the writing style is as unconstrained as a wild horse.
The poem expresses the depression of wasted years and unrealized ambitions, praises the Han Dynasty articles, Jian'an style and the heroic spirit of Xie Tiao's poems, and finally reveals the negative mood of life.
The beginning of the poem is very abrupt, because Li Bai was very depressed at the time, so as soon as he saw his uncle Li Yun (Li Hua), who could talk to him, he vented his complaints. Li Bai was enshrined in the Imperial Academy at the beginning of Tianbao, but he was not taken seriously politically and was slandered by the powerful. After a short time, he abandoned his official position and lived a wandering life. The bitterness of the world over the past ten years, the depression and sentimentality of being a guest in a foreign land, have accumulated in my heart, and today I can finally let it out.
The two sentences "Changfeng" use the scenery to express emotions. On a crisp autumn day, looking at the wind sending autumn geese, my spirit is refreshed, my worries are swept away, I feel that my mind and environment are at ease, and I drink to my heart's content The passion for high-rise buildings arises spontaneously.
The two sentences "Penglai" are written separately for the host and the guest. The article praising Li Yun's vigorous style with "Jian'an bones". "Middle" refers to Nan Chao; "Xiao Xie" refers to Xie Tiao. Because he is after Xie Lingyun (Da Xie), he is called Xiao Xie. Here Li Bai is comparing himself to Xiao Xie, showing his confidence in his own talents. The sentence "Everyone is full of joy, strong and full of joy, and wants to go up to the blue sky to see the bright moon" expresses the author's lofty ambitions. And the word "Lan" is expressive. Used an exaggerated approach. It expresses the author's lofty ambitions.
The phrase "draw a knife" is used to describe the inability to resolve inner depression, which is strange and creative. The sentence "Toast the glass" expresses his frustrated mood that he cannot escape and can only become more depressed. At the same time, it also expresses the sadness of parting.
The last two sentences are the poet’s passionate words of dissatisfaction with reality. Li Bai suffered from unsatisfactory depression for a long time and had to seek another kind of transcendence, that is, "dispersion makes the boat flat". Although escaping from reality was not his original intention, the historical conditions at the time and his noble and indulgent character who did not want to join the others made it impossible for him to find a better way out. This poem uses ups and downs of writing to directly express the sadness in the heart at the beginning, expressing strong dissatisfaction with reality. Then he turned to the sky thousands of miles away, refreshed, talked about the past and the present, compared himself with a small thank you, and showed his lofty ambition to "reach the blue sky and embrace the bright moon". Then the poet returned from the beautiful ideal state to the depressed reality, and had no choice but to choose to escape from reality. The whole poem has ups and downs, twists and turns, and a generous and heroic passion runs through the whole poem amidst grief and indignation, showing the poet's majestic and heroic spirit.
1. The verse in "Farewell to School Secretary Shu Yun at Xietiao Tower in Xuanzhou" shows that "Yun" and I both have great ambitions:
Both have the ambition to be relaxed and prosperous, and think about flying. , I want to go up to the blue sky and see the bright moon.
2. In the poem, Li Bai used the Bixing technique to write the verses about the abundance of sorrow:
The water flows even more when you cut off the water with a knife, and the sorrow becomes even worse when you raise a cup to eliminate sorrow.
3. What is the psychological change process of the poet in the poem?
Sorrowful—uplifting—more sorrowful.
4. Some people think that the last two lines of the poem show the poet’s negative attitude. How do you understand this?
The contradiction between Li Bai's ideal and reality could not be resolved under the conditions at the time. Therefore, he is always stuck in the depression of "unsatisfactory". Moreover, the only way to get rid of depression is to "make the boat flat". This is somewhat negative, but it also shows his unyielding to the evil forces and his decisive break with the real society.