Aristotle said that poetry is more real than history. Poetry reflects the style of an era, and also truthfully records the living conditions of a poet.
"Moonlit Night on a Spring River" shows the grandeur and vastness of the early Tang Dynasty and the poet's vast cosmic consciousness. "Who sees people at the beginning of the month by the river", standing in the boundless time and space, individual life seems small and humble. "But seeing the Yangtze River send water", in the face of the vast universe and the passing time, the feeling of sadness arises spontaneously. In such a broad vision and imagination, the poet talks with the river and the bright moon and enjoys the existence of other completely opposite beauty in an independent state of life. There are not many poems left by Zhang, only this one has been recited. Lamenting the exquisite language, exquisite structure, smooth transition and smooth knot of this poem, it is inevitable that "one poem overwhelms the whole Tang poetry" is exaggerated, but it is indeed based. In my imagination, Zhang should have "before me, where did those lost times go?" Behind me, are the future generations? " And the charm of "going to Dajiangdong is the best".
Wang Wei's poems show the richness and diversity of life, and different poetic features show the poet's different state of life. Young Wang Wei is full of high spirits and spring breeze. Most of his works are about expensive literary styles. Song of Luoyang Girls exaggerates the luxurious life of the nobles and shows the luxurious social fashion in the Tang Dynasty. The group poem "A Boy's Journey" describes the growth process of a man from a teenager to a great general, from the wayward chivalry of "drinking ghosts and gods for the monarch" to "the general contributes to the palace of light". The poem does not preach the loyal thought of killing the enemy for the country and defending the country, but rather expresses the romantic feelings of realizing the value of self-realization, which is probably the life experience mode recognized and worshipped by the Tang Dynasty. Wang Wei, a middle-aged man, walked out of the capital and went to the vast frontier, thus leaving an immortal poem in the history of literature, "The desert is lonely, and the long river sets the yen." "Without the life experience of running away, you can't write such a vast and ethereal artistic conception. In Tang poetry, "running away" is an important life experience. " Looking back at the place where the sculpture was shot, the clouds are thousands of miles away. "After the boiling passion, the clouds are light and the wind is light, and all life will go through this process." As time goes by, what I get is nothing but peace and liberation. Wang Wei, immersed in the natural landscape, left the highest realm of "painting in poetry and poetry in painting" to future generations. When I was a child, I watched Chai Lu and Bird Watching Creek, and felt that they were just plain scenery, real life and nothing unusual. Later, I watched "Mountain in Autumn Night" and "On the Bank of the Han River", but I just lamented the exquisiteness of the picture and the ingenuity of the action. Jiang Xun said that silence is greater enthusiasm, and it is more passionate. Then, the realm of "nobody" in Wang Wei's poems contains his deeper enthusiasm for life. In this way, Wang Wei's poems present different colors and colorful colors, which are also wonderful blooms of life.
Li Bai's poems and songs are often full of magnificence, loneliness and hedonism, and always describe the wandering and self-realization of life, which constitutes the basis of his romance. Li Bai's life characteristics are closely related to the characteristics of the Tang Dynasty-all roads lead to the same goal. In the history of China, many fashions and customs in the Tang Dynasty broke through the category of agricultural ethics, such as martial arts, chivalry, luxury, freedom, exposed costumes and exaggerated makeup ... Li Bai's poems rarely show concern for society, but more show freedom of life itself, which is the value pursuit of spiritual communication with heaven and earth. In the Dream, Mount Tianmu, Song of Lushan Mountain, The Imperial History of Lu Xuzhou and other works show the dialogue and friendship between Li Bai and nature and the universe. Li Bai's poems can't be learned because he lives a bohemian and free life. Shu Dao Nan can be regarded as a typical feature or life feature of Li Bai's poems, in which rhyme, grammar, structure and speech form are all free and innovative, frank and ingenious. "Alas, alas! High risk! " The opening is a surprise from a surprise, just like those shocking accents in Beethoven's Destiny. The style of the whole poem is constantly changing, and the length is staggered. The sense of visual precipitousness and adventure difficulty is integrated into the rhythm of jumping, which makes people feel ups and downs. Li Bai's style is fully displayed in this poem. Li Bai often feels lonely and depressed. Drinking the bright moon alone, sitting alone in Jingting Mountain, it is difficult to go and drink. He is lonely in the hustle and bustle, facing the reality with the romance of eating, drinking and enjoying. The tenderness and lingering in Li Bai's works are also amazing. "When you, my love, ride a bamboo horse, trot in circles, throw your childhood", "Just like a flower, take the cloud as your heart", "The cloud should be beautifully dressed, and the spring breeze will help the threshold to show the wealth of China", "A red flower dew condenses fragrance", no matter how popular it is like a folk song, no matter how rigorous it is, it can't hide the innovation and chic of genius. Li Bai is called "Poet Fairy" because he is maverick, outstanding, free and optimistic in the country of poetry. He showed us that life can be so free and shine.
Du Fu is a "poet saint", which is related to Confucianism. The highest ideal of Confucianism is to be a saint, and a "saint" needs to achieve something in the world and in morality and ethics. If "immortality" is the individual's self-liberation, then "sage" is the individual's self-tempering in group life. When reading Li Bai and Du Fu, we don't need to evaluate which is better or worse, but we should see that we often have parts that belong to Li Bai and Du Fu. We are eager to complete the individual's pursuit of life, walk freely in the mountains and sing freely; We should also return to the group, experience the world and see the joys and sorrows. Li Bai and Du Fu typify different life states. You can't appreciate Fu's poems without going through the vicissitudes of time. Du Fu's poems are documentaries and historical materials. He told specific events and described the state of people's livelihood from an absolutely objective perspective. "Two Ways" has the shadow of your essay, but the sentence "Beware of the Prime Minister, Beware of his frown" came to sympathize with Shu Ren after it was gorgeous, and Du Fu's perspective and expression began to take shape. Auto Shop describes the pain and suffering brought by the war with straightforward and objective pictures. "We know that giving birth to a son will bring bad luck, and giving birth to a daughter will be much better ... who can get married and live in a neighbor's house, and under the grass, we bury our boy." Write the greatest sorrow of the people at that time in simple and straightforward language. Du Fu is no longer a bystander in Stone Trough, but a witness to the event. "One person attached a book, two people died in battle", the old woman described by the poet, calmly told the story of the child's death, which was shocking to read. "Those who drag out an ignoble existence are dead." There is no accusation, no shouting, only forbearance, tolerance and self-forgiveness. There is no judgment or discussion in the poem, "Tomorrow is a bright future, and I will be alone with the old man". It only narrates events, but calmness and objectivity have a shocking power. The status and value of Du Fu's "Poetic Sage" and "Poetic History" are best reflected in Chedian, Shihao and Autumn Wind Breaking the Cottage, in which social care and compassion are touching. Du Fu's sorrow comes from people's sufferings, social unrest and his own experience, while Li Bai's sorrow is mostly the sorrow in essence of life-distress, loss and loneliness. Sometimes, I'm afraid to read Du Fu's poems, such as climbing high to look at the spring, describing my feelings and the Northern Expedition. All these are the bitterness of my humble life in troubled times, which makes people sigh and lament, and I can't bear to read them. Du Fu turned life into a beam of light, which not only showed himself, but also shone in an unknown corner.
Bai Juyi carried forward the social consciousness in Du Fu's poems and said, "Only songs make people sick, so I hope you can know." According to legend, after Bai Juyi finished writing a poem, he had to read it to an old woman, and the writing standard was that an illiterate old woman could understand it. It can be seen that Bai Juyi's writing purpose and focus, he advocated the "new Yuefu" movement, so that literature issued a folk voice. In Selling Charcoal Weng, the living conditions of the people at the bottom are sad, while in Xinfeng Brokeback Weng, the old man who tried to escape military service and cut himself is shocking, and in Buying Flowers, the class opposition and inequality of "a bunch of hidden flowers makes ten families blessed" are amazing. The criticism in these poems is much stronger than Du Fu's documentary style. Bai Juyi's poems have the power of social criticism, showing intellectuals' concern for the bottom people and self-reflection on self-morality. "Literature is not icing on the cake, but a timely help. Another duty of literature is to really let human disasters, sufferings, loneliness and loneliness be heard, not just to sing praises. " Jiang Xun said. Besides recording, literature also has the function of spreading truth, goodness and beauty. "Song of Eternal Sorrow" tells the indelible truth in the world in the form of a story, and "Pipa Travel" conveys exquisite musical details in words. "It feels like snow outside at dusk, how about a glass of wine inside? It contains the interest and beauty of life. The combination of simplicity and criticism, emotion and beauty forms Bai Juyi's unique life form.
The aesthetic images in Li Shangyin's poems often make it impossible to interpret them in popular language. Jiang Xun regarded Li Shangyin's poems as the representative of late Tang literature-extremely gorgeous and extremely disillusioned. The biggest feature of Li Shangyin's poems is that they are divorced from stories, and there is no description of events, only abstract and personalized emotional descriptions. "Spring silkworms die, and the candle tears are exhausted every night", "Red candles admire the residual flowers" and "the sunset glow is infinitely beautiful and buried at night" all contain infinite love and attachment, "Mermaid tears shed on the green sea of the moon, Lantian breathes jade to the sun", "Only fallen leaves are at home, and I turn over the clouds", "Two red mansions are cold in front, hidden by rain, and pearls and foils float alone". Li Shangyin likes to stack images to create aestheticism, sadness and vagueness. When reading Li Shangyin, you can't fail to implement every word and analyze every sentence. "Candle" and "tears" are the most common images, and they are also the reflection of Li Shangyin's life posture-behind the blurred and lingering words is his love and affection for life.
Hu Xiaoming said that Tang poetry is morning, not afternoon tea. The world of Tang poetry is very big, full of strength and heroic spirit. Tang poetry can enhance people's personality and invigorate the vitality of life. Reading Tang poetry is to meet those blooming lives.