According to historical records, Ji Kang is famous for his superb piano skills.
Ji Kang's favorite drama is Guangling San.
Guangling San is a guqin song, which Ji Kang can get and has a story.
The timbre of Guangling San is unparalleled and extraordinary. After the guests finished playing, they passed this piece on to Ji Kang. When he left, he repeatedly told him never to pass this song on to others again.
Therefore, listening to Ji Kang playing Guangling San has become a rare enjoyment for friends to get together.
Ji Kang is not only skilled in piano, but also has profound attainments and research on temperament. He was an outstanding music theorist at that time.
Fu Qin, written by him, was not only admired by people at that time, but also became the reference standard for composing music fu in the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
He also wrote "On Happiness without Worry", focusing on the essence of music, the relationship between music and emotion, and the role of music and education, that is, the stipulation of music itself.
Ji Kang believes that music is a product of nature, as if breath exists between heaven and earth and will not change because of people's joys and sorrows. Therefore, on the issue of music and emotion, Ji Kang thinks that music itself does not contain happiness and sadness.
Ji Kang has a soft spot for piano. He not only often plays and recites, but also emphasizes in the preface of Fu Qin:
Of all the musical instruments, Qin De is the best.
Under the rendering and admiration of Ji Kang, Qin was endowed with the spiritual pursuit of leisure and elegance.
Therefore, Qin, when it appears in later poems and paintings, is often associated with elegant and quiet life.
As a representative of metaphysics in Wei and Jin Dynasties, Ji Kang was not only a poet, but also a great writer. Fifteen articles have been circulated so far.
Proverbs are a special style in ancient times, mainly based on exhortation.
Ji Kang wrote an article "The Proverbs of a Taishi". As a Taishi, he praised the ancient emperors for respecting nature and condemned the decline of later generations to persuade today's kings.
Ji Kang, starting from Taoist thought, believed that the ancient society was simple in folk customs, selfish and pure in monarchs, self-sufficient in all peoples and happy.
However, with the development of history, the natural, social and cultural environment on which ancient rule depended has gradually changed.
Therefore, the rulers of later generations tried to transform society by advocating benevolence and righteousness.
Ji Kang believes that a good social form is to maintain a harmonious relationship between "tranquility in the monarch, obedience in the subordinates" and "self-seeking in the group".
Ji Kang's Explaining Private Affairs is also an article criticizing the social reality at that time.
In view of the hypocrisy at that time, Ji Kang put forward "nothing to do with right and wrong" and "let nature take its course" in "Relieving Private Affairs". Trying to find a way to restore the truth of people.
Ji Kang's "distinguishing right from wrong" and "letting nature take its course" do not mean that people can do whatever they want under the drive of desire. On the contrary, he believes that the nature of returning to nature is embodied in consciously accepting the law and in the principle of touching the scene and being kind at will.
However, in a society that advocates fame, the excessive pursuit of fame will often be recognized by the secular; What seems unreasonable to future generations has a good reason to people at that time.
A man of insight like Ji Kang is keenly aware of the hypocrisy of this behavior and angrily despises the name of the secular. He lived in seclusion in the mountains and devoted himself to exploring nature and things.
However, Ji Kang is a cynical person after all. His articles are insightful, sharp and handsome in style.
Like Ji Kang, Ruan Ji, the representative of the Seven Sages of Bamboo Forest, was also a famous metaphysician and writer in Wei and Jin Dynasties. He wrote more than 80 poems about breasts, which were highly praised by the world. Known as "masterpiece" by Wang Fuzhi.
Unlike Ji Kang, Ruan Ji did not have the opportunity to enjoy the seclusion life of "drinking a cup of turbid wine and playing a piano". After Gao Ping Ling's incident, he was wooed by Sima's family and reluctantly entered the court as an official.
Ruan Ji lived in such an atmosphere, but he didn't want to go with the flow, and he felt unusually lonely and depressed, which made him miss the happy time spent in the bamboo forest more. This mentality is reflected in his poems.
Poetry expresses ambition. From Ruan Ji's poems, we can easily find that he was deeply influenced by Confucianism in his youth, and when he grew up, he had the determination and expectation to make contributions and the ideal ambition to do something.
However, since Cao Fang succeeded to the throne, Cao Shi Group and Sima Group split, the political situation was turbulent, and Ruan Ji's heroic dream became illusory.
Accordingly, Ruan Ji's political attitude and life attitude have also undergone painful changes.
Lao Tzu's surname is Li Minger, and his word is Bo Yang. He lived in the late Spring and Autumn Period.
Seeing the gradual decline of the Zhou Dynasty, he left Hanguguan on a green cow and lived in seclusion in an unknown place.
This poem clearly expresses Ruan Ji's yearning for the Taoist philosophy of Laozi and Zhuangzi, and his determination to follow the example of the hermit of the previous generation and be a person who has been enjoying the breeze.
Ruan Ji believes that the real society is neither safe nor happy, neither free nor happy.
Therefore, he advocated "floating in the world and being friends with nature". This is fully reflected in his biography of Mr. Adult.
Ruan Ji also designed a "gentleman" who advocated famous education in the biography of Mr. Adult. He questioned Mr. Adult in the name of "gentleman" and thought that "Mr. Adult" was "in a land of suffering" and could not really get freedom, happiness and happiness.
Finally, Ruan Ji summed it up like this: "The gift of a noble gentleman is sincere in the world where thieves die in disorder." "It is not too much to think that doing good is not easy!"
The personality and ideal of "Mr. Adult" is exactly what Ruan Ji pursues.
Ruan Ji wrote another article in "On Dazhuang" about a Zhuangzi-style figure who was at large in the realm of fugue:
Mr. Wang "hovers and soars, roaming in the wind ... suddenly stops."
Mr. Wang believes that "if you speak with life, everything will live forever, and if you push it to death, everything will die." If you look down on it, everything will be great. If you look down on it, everything will be great. "
The gentleman in "On Dazhuang" has the ideological realm of the unity of all things. Based on this, Ruan Ji embarked on a life path without right and wrong and let nature take its course. And brought this thought into his prose creation.
Some scholars commented that in the history of metaphysics in Wei and Jin Dynasties, it was the metaphysical scholars represented by Ruan Ji who really highlighted the ideal personality or ideal realm construction. According to his feelings of the times and his experience of real suffering, he tried to explore the relationship between self-consciousness and nature, hoping to get rid of oppression and get spiritual liberation.
Ruan Ji was a great master of metaphysics in Wei and Jin Dynasties. Besides Biography of Mr. Adult and On Dazhuang, he also wrote philosophical works such as Yue Lun, On Yi Tong and On Lao Lun.
It can be seen from these articles that Ruan Ji tends to combine nature with Zoroastrianism, and advocates nature and belittles Zoroastrianism.
Like Ruan Ji, Ji Kang also wrote an article called Bu Yi, in which "Mr. Hongda" is also a virtual Zhuangzi personality. The difference is that Mr. Hongda is not as illusory as Mr. Adult written by Ruan Ji.
The metaphysical tendency in Ji Kang's and Ruan Ji's creation had an important influence on later literary creation.
The life of "Mr. Adult" described by Ruan Ji is extremely free. But in fact, it is also full of twists and turns to insinuate the non-freedom of the real society. So Ruan Ji's heart is very painful.
Biography of the Book of Jin records that Ruan Ji often drives a car alone, carrying wine and wandering aimlessly.
Until he reached the end of the road, he couldn't walk any further. He started to get out of the car and cry, and when he had cried enough, he went back the same way.
Therefore, Ruan Ji often drugged himself with wine.
According to experts' research, drinking in China flourished in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. After the appearance of metaphysics in Zhengshi period, wine began to enter the life of literati generally.
The seven sages of bamboo forest are closely related to wine. They got together in the bamboo forest and had a good time.
Among the Seven Sages, Liu Ling is famous for drinking.
You can get a glimpse of Liu Ling's fine wine from this ancient painting.
The author of this painting is Sun Wei in the Tang Dynasty. This painting is called "Gao", and the inscription in the upper right corner is ink. It was first seen in Xuanhe Huapu.
According to the neighbor's research, the content of this painting is the "Seven Sages of Bamboo Forest" in Wei and Jin Dynasties.
In the painting, Liu Ling is going back to gargle, with a cup in her hand, and seems to be reluctant to part with the contents.
Scholars found that Liu Ling was the first person to write the mysterious meaning of drinking into his prose.
Scholars believe that the influence of the seven sages of bamboo forest on later generations is various, and the influence of literature is more manifested in aesthetic taste. For example, China literature advocates elegant beauty, natural beauty and vivid beauty. Closely related to the seven sages of bamboo forest.
Another of the seven sages of bamboo forest is Ruan Xian, who is famous for drinking.
Although Ruan Xian has no profound attainments in literature, he is a talented musician.
Ruan Xian not only "skillfully interprets the melody", but also plays the pipa.
At that time, Ruan Xian invented the pipa, which has been bringing happiness to people for more than 1000 years.
According to historical records, Dan Tao, one of the Seven Sages of Bamboo Forest, was also a good writer. He once wrote Dan Tao, but unfortunately, it no longer exists.
The liberation of Wei and Jin scholars' thoughts, the pursuit of metaphysics, and the act of flying are reflected in calligraphy, and they have entered the conscious period of art for art's sake.
Since then, China's calligraphy style has evolved from a single seal script to a regular script, which is of epoch-making significance. Among them are the achievements of the seven sages of bamboo forest.
Their calligraphy, laissez-faire, free and easy, is like flowing water.
Words are like people, and through pen and ink, people can see their spiritual realm of "Mr. Adult".
Zong Baihua, a famous aesthete, commented: "This superb art can only reach its peak if Jin people are chic and detached."
Among them, Ji Kang's calligraphy is especially praised.
Zhang Huaiguan, a calligraphy theorist in the Tang Dynasty, commented: "It is better to be good at calligraphy at night than at grass. Look at its posture, it will be natural, and its meaning doesn't care about pen and ink. If you are dressed in cloth, you will be proud. "
It is hard to imagine that in the Wei and Jin dynasties, which were full of killing and cruelty, a group of extraordinary scholars were active. They created profound metaphysical thoughts with wisdom and emotion, and created unique arts such as literature, poetry and calligraphy.
In the romantic scenery of poetry and wine, they look for the true self of life and show their talents to the fullest.