Han Yuefu "Long Song Xing"
Introduction to the work:
Han Yuefu "Yuefu" was originally the official office in charge of music in ancient times. The "Yuefu Order" was established during the Qin and Western Han Dynasties under Emperor Hui. During the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, the Yuefu was larger in scale, and its function was to manage the music used in the court, as well as to collect folk songs and music. After the Wei and Jin Dynasties, the poems collected and sung by the Yuefu organs of the Han Dynasty were collectively called Yuefu poems.
The basic principle of Han Yuefu creation is "feeling sadness and joy, and responding to events" ("Hanshu Yiwenzhi"). It inherits the fine tradition of realism in The Book of Songs and reflects the social reality of the Han Dynasty broadly and profoundly. The most outstanding artistic achievement of Han Yuefu is its narrative aspect. Secondly, it is good at selecting typical details and expressing the character's character through the words and deeds of the characters. Its forms include five-character poems, seven-character poems and miscellaneous poems. What is particularly noteworthy is that the Han Dynasty Yuefu has produced a number of mature five-character poems. Most of the Yuefu poems from the Han Dynasty that have been handed down have been included in the "Collection of Yuefu Poems" compiled by Guo Maoqian from the Song Dynasty.
Original text:
The sunflowers in the green garden are waiting for the morning dew and the setting sun.
Budze in spring brings brilliance to all things.
I am often afraid that when the autumn festival comes, the yellow flowers and leaves will wither.
From the east to the sea, when will the rivers return to the west?
If a young man does not work hard, the old man will be miserable.
Note:
This poem is selected from Han Yuefu. Yuefu was a court music institution established since the Qin Dynasty. It was expanded on a large scale during the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, and a large number of poetry works were collected from the folk, with rich content and a wide range of themes. This poem is one of them.
Changgexing: the name of a Han Yuefu tune. Sunflower: an ancient vegetable. Xi: dried in the sun. Yangchun: It is spring, when there is plenty of sunshine and dew. Cloth: spread, sprinkle all over. Deze: Grace. Autumn Festival: Autumn. Festival, season, season. Kunhuang: withered yellow. Hua: Same as "flower". Bad: For the sake of rhyme, it can be read according to the ancient pronunciation. Baichuan: countless rivers. Chuan, river. Disciple: In vain, in vain.
Today’s translation:
The sunflowers in the garden are lush and green, rising under the crystal dew in the sun.
Spring spreads hope all over the earth, and everything appears prosperous.
I am often afraid that the chilling autumn will come, and the leaves will turn yellow and the grass will wither.
Thousands of rivers are rushing eastward to the sea. When can they return to the west again?
If a young person does not work hard in time, he will only regret his life when he grows old.
Appreciation:
This poem starts with "Sunflower in the Garden" and then uses the metaphor of water flowing to the sea and never coming back to illustrate that time is like flowing water, which will never return once it goes away. Finally, I advise people to cherish their youth, work hard, and not regret it when they grow old. This poem uses physical reasoning, first using sunflowers in the garden as a metaphor. "Qingqing" refers to its lush growth. In fact, under the sunshine and rain throughout the spring, everything is striving to grow. Why? Because they are all afraid that autumn will come soon, and they know the reason why the autumn wind withers all the grass. The rhythm of life in nature is like this, so why not in life? If a person does not take advantage of the good times and work hard, his youth will be wasted in vain, and it will be too late to regret when he is old. This poem reminds young people of the perishable life from the beauty of youth in front of them, and encourages young people to cherish time, give warnings, and encourage people to get up.
Brief comment:
This is a masterpiece among the ancient Yuefu poems of the Han Dynasty. The poem uses a series of metaphors to illustrate that we should cherish time and work hard early. The first four lines of the poem describe to us a bright spring scene. The green sunflowers in the garden are still covered with dew. After the sun rises, the dew dries up, and the sunflowers are bathed in the sunshine again. Everything in the world is blessed by the rain and dew of nature in spring, and glows with incomparable brilliance. However, when autumn comes, they all lose their bright luster and become withered and yellow. All things undergo ups and downs, and people also undergo a process from youth to old age. Time is like water in a big river, flowing eastward into the sea and never to return. If we don’t cherish time and work hard when we are young and strong, we will only be sad in vain when we grow old!
Tomorrow comes tomorrow, and there are so many tomorrows!
If I live until tomorrow, everything will be wasted.
If the world is tired of tomorrow, spring will pass and autumn will come, and old age will come.
Look at the water flowing eastward in the morning, and the sun setting in the west at dusk. What will happen in a hundred years?
Please listen to my "Song of Tomorrow".
——Reflections after reading "Tomorrow's Song"
Yesterday passed away silently with memories, today comes quietly with hope, and tomorrow is waiting with shining glory people. Some people are immersed in memories, they are attached to yesterday; some are only intoxicated in dreams, they are looking forward to tomorrow. Both types of people have forgotten that what should be cherished most is today!
Isn’t today just a short day? I will study diligently from tomorrow. Today, isn’t it just a short twenty-four hours? I'll start working seriously from tomorrow. Isn’t today one of the three hundred and sixty-fifths of a year? I will fight for the cause of communism from tomorrow on. ——Some people think so and do so. My friend, I have no doubts about your sincerity, but why should we put things to do until tomorrow and start everything from tomorrow? The sun and the moon rush by, and when tomorrow arrives, tomorrow becomes today again, and after every today there are endless tomorrows.
So, when will your determination and your ideals turn into action and reality?
Shakespeare said: "He who abandons time, time will also abandon him." I said: "Those who abandon today will also abandon him today; and those who are abandoned today, he will not "Tomorrow."
If farmers don't mow grass, apply fertilizer, and kill insects today, how can they have a good harvest in the golden autumn? If doctors don't rescue and treat patients in time today, how can people have good health in the future? If the cleaning workers don't clean up the garbage and sweep away the dust in time today, how can the streets and roads be clean day after day? If the soldiers of the People's Liberation Army are not fully armed and ready for war today, how can there be permanent peace for thousands of families?
"Tomorrow comes tomorrow, and there are so many tomorrows; I live and wait for tomorrow, and everything is wasted." These few lines of poetry are the crystallization of the twists and turns and tribulations of our ancestors' life experience! The ancients were aware of this, so they came up with such sayings as "the hanging beam stabs the buttocks", "the firefly in the capsule reflects the snow", and "the wall is chiseled to borrow light". Now that we have superior conditions, shouldn’t we cherish and seize every minute of today?
Seizing today means seizing the opportunity to acquire knowledge; seizing today means seizing the possibility of invention and creation. Smart, diligent and ambitious people, they deeply understand that time is life and even more precious than life. They will never waste their precious time today for tomorrow. The great inventor Edison always cherished time and took advantage of his leisure time selling newspapers in the car. When doing experiments, he would drink cold water when he was thirsty; gnaw a piece of bread when he was hungry; and take a nap on the table when he was sleepy. Edison is like this, Newton, Marie Curie, Einstein... all ambitious and accomplished people are like this. They will never dwell on yesterday, let alone wait and see tomorrow, they will always start from today!
On the contrary, for some people, time is like the calendar that represents it. After tearing this one, there will be the next one. After tearing up this one, there will be the next one, but I don’t know how to leave the sweat of my hard work and the harvest of my study and work on the calendar as white as snow. In this way, from the time they were born to the time they slept underground, they spent their time in idleness, watching, and waiting. If a person's life is spent like this, then the passing years will be like a desolate tragedy, and the memories left in the history of one's life will also be mixed with tears of regret, regret and sadness...
A wasted time , is damaging the light of life; working hard in time is opening up the ideal path. Friends, don’t dwell on yesterday, don’t wait and see about tomorrow, everything starts from now, from today.
Today is the starting point of struggle!
Appreciation: "Tomorrow comes tomorrow, and there are so many tomorrows; I live and wait for tomorrow, and everything is wasted. The world is tired of tomorrow, spring is gone, autumn is coming, and the old is coming; look at the water flowing eastward in the morning, and the sun westward in the evening Falling; How long will it take for a hundred years to come? Listen to my "Song of Tomorrow". "Song of Tomorrow" written by Wen Jia of the Ming Dynasty has been praised by thousands of people for hundreds of years, and it continues to this day. It warns and exhorts people to hold on to the fleeting today and not to place all plans and hopes on an unknown tomorrow. On the basis of accurately understanding and grasping the central idea of ??the original poem, the author of this article puts forward the central argument based on his own feelings after reading it, and then uses examples, citations, positive and negative comparisons and other argumentative methods to discuss the value of today. Only by firmly grasping today , can you make a difference and achieve something. Otherwise, nothing will be accomplished and there will be no regrets. Therefore, it should be "everything starts from now, from today". The article is rich in content, rigorous in structure, strong in argumentation, and fluent in language. The use of rhetorical techniques such as metaphor and parallelism greatly enhances the vividness and appeal of the article. It is an award-winning work worth reading.
Manjianghong [Yue Fei]
I am so angry that I can’t help but feel the mist of rain. Looking up, looking up to the sky and roaring, strong and intense. Thirty years of fame and dust, eight thousand miles of clouds and moon. Don't wait to see the young man's head grow white, and it will be empty and sad.
The shame of Jingkang has not yet been resolved; the regrets of the ministers, when will they be destroyed? Driving a long car to trample it, Helan Mountain is missing. The ambition is to eat the meat of Huns when they are hungry and talk about drinking the blood of Huns when they are thirsty. Waiting to start over and clean up the old mountains and rivers. Chaotianque.
[Notes]
Burning with rage: describing extreme anger. Xiaoxiao: describes the rapid rain. Changxiao: When one is emotionally excited, one makes a clear and long sound, which is a kind of lyrical move by the ancients. Easy: easy, casual. Jingkang Shame: In the second year of Jingkang (1127), Emperor Qinzong of the Song Dynasty, the Jin soldiers captured Bianjing and captured the two emperors of Hui and Qin. Helan Mountain: In today's Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. Tianque: The building in front of the palace.
[Translation]
I was so angry that I climbed up and leaned on the railing alone. The wind and rain had just stopped. I looked up and looked at the vast sky. I couldn't help but look up to the sky and scream, my heart filled with the desire to serve the country. Thirty years of fame are like dust, and eight thousand miles have passed through many turbulent lives. Good men, you should seize the time to make contributions to the country, and don't waste your youth in vain and wait for your old age to be miserable. The great shame and humiliation during the Jingkang period cannot be forgotten to this day. When will the resentment of being a subject of the country be wiped out! I want to ride on a chariot and ride through the gap in the Helan Mountains. Full of ambition, I vowed to drink the enemy's blood and eat the enemy's flesh. After I regain the old mountains and rivers, I will report the news of victory to the country with good news.
[Brief analysis]
This is a magnificent poem that has been passed down through the ages. It shows the author's fearless heroic spirit and is filled with patriotic passion.
In the sixth year of Shaoxing (AD 1136), Yue Fei led his army from Xiangyang to the north, and successively recovered some prefectures and counties near Luoyang. The vanguard pressed on Bianjing, the old capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, and was able to regain the Central Plains in one fell swoop, and went straight to Huanglong Mansion (today's home of the Jin Kingdom). Jilin Nong'an, the former capital of Jin Dynasty). But at this time, Emperor Gaozong of the Song Dynasty was bent on negotiating peace and ordered Yue Fei to immediately dispatch troops. Yue Fei had no choice but to lead his army to Ezhou. He felt painfully that he had missed a good opportunity and that his ambition to regain the lost ground and wash away the shame of Jingkang could not be realized. He wrote this magnificent poem "Man Jiang Hong" with mixed emotions. Yue Fei, who was born in the late Northern Song Dynasty, witnessed with his own eyes the broken mountains and rivers of China, the destruction of the country and the destruction of the family. He joined the army as a young man and fulfilled his duty to "serve the country with loyalty" and "return our mountains and rivers". He moved to various places and fought hard in order to "clean up the old mountains and rivers." This poem expresses this kind of heroism. The first film expresses the heroic spirit of killing the enemy for the country by looking out from the railing, while the second film expresses the ambition to avenge the injustice and reorganize the world. Thirty years of fame and dust, eight thousand miles of road clouds and moon, don't wait for the clouds and moon of the young man to turn white, don't wait for the clouds and moon of the young man to turn white, don't wait for the dust to turn the young man's head white, it is empty and sad. The two sentences "thirty", which hurt China and have not recovered, and urge people to rise up in time, can be an eternal motto. However, the severe and fierce battle for the restoration of the country on the "Eight Thousand Miles Road" still revealed the bloody struggle, so the sentence "Don't take it easy" "Motivate yourself and realize your ambition to drive out the barbarians and restore our rivers and mountains.
[About the author]
Yue Fei (1103-1141), courtesy name Pengju, was born in Tangyin, Xiangzhou (now part of Henan). A famous general who fought against the Jin Dynasty, he was promoted to deputy envoy to the privy council, and was granted the title of Founding Duke of Wuchang County. Because he did not agree with the peace proposal, he was killed by Qin Hui. During the reign of Emperor Xiaozong, he was reinstated and given the posthumous title of Wu Mu. During Ningzong's reign, he was granted the title of King of E, and during Lizong's reign, his posthumous title was changed to Zhongwu. There is "Yue Wu Mu Ji". Three of them are recorded in "Complete Song Ci".
Golden Threaded Clothes
Author: Du Qiuniang Era: Tang Genre: Yuefu
I advise you not to cherish your golden threaded clothes, but to cherish your youth.
Flowers can be broken when they are in full bloom, but don’t wait until there are no flowers left to break branches.
Brief analysis:
This poem is not the most artistically superior, but it is certainly not worthy of being recited or passed down. The poem can be understood as cherishing the negative news, or as traveling eastward in time, but the theme seems to be to persuade people to make progress in time and not to "grow gray heads and feel empty sorrow".
This is a popular lyric from the mid-Tang Dynasty. It is said that Li Qi, the governor of Zhenhai during the Yuan Dynasty, loved this word so much that he often ordered his concubine Du Qiuniang to sing it at banquets (see Du Mu's "Poems of Du Qiuniang" and his own notes). The author of the lyrics is unknown. Some anthologies of Tang poems are titled "by Du Qiuniang" or "by Li Qi", which is incorrect.
The meaning of this poem is very simple and can be summed up in one sentence: "Don't miss the good times." This is originally a kind of thought and emotion that everyone has. However, it makes readers feel that although its emotions are simple but strong, they can linger in people's hearts for a long time and have an incredible charm. Each of its verses seems to be repeating the single meaning of "Don't let the good times pass you by!" And each verse contains subtle changes, repetition but not monotony, looping but slowing down, forming a beautiful melody.
The first and second sentences have the same pattern, both starting with "persuading you", and the word "xi" also appears twice. This is a factor of repetition in the two sentences. But the first sentence says "to advise you not to cherish", and the second sentence says "to advise you to cherish". "Mo" and "Xu" have opposite meanings, and they form repeated changes. These two lines of poetry are coherent. The "gold-threaded garment" is a gorgeous and precious thing, but "I advise you not to cherish it". It can be seen that there is something far more precious than it. This is the "youth" of "I advise you not to cherish it". Why? The poem does not directly say it, but it is self-evident: "An inch of time is worth an inch of gold, and an inch of gold cannot buy an inch of time." Even as valuable as gold, it can be obtained again, "A thousand pieces of gold will come back again after it is gone." However, youth is important to anyone. You only live once, and once it passes, it will never come back. However, many people in the world are confused about this. There are many people who love money as much as their lives and waste their time. He repeatedly "persuades you", using a dialogue tone, paying sincere greetings, with a strong sense of song, and a charming and moving charm. One of the two sentences is negative and the other is affirmative. Negating the former is to affirm the latter, which seems to be a combination of reality. It constitutes the first repetition and chant in the poem. Its melody and rhythm are slow and slow.
The third and fourth sentences constitute the second repetition and aria. In terms of poetic meaning, they are almost the same as the first and second sentences, and they still mean "Don't let the good times pass you by". In this way, in addition to the repetition between sentences, there is also a larger roundabout repetition between the first couplet and the second couplet. However, the expression techniques of the two couplets are different. The first couplet directly expresses the feelings, which is a metaphor; the second couplet uses a metaphor, which is a metaphor. So there is still variation in the repetition. Three and four do not have the neat sentence structure of one and two, but they are symmetrical to each other in meaning. The upper sentence says what it should be like if there are flowers, and the next sentence says what it will be like if there are no flowers; the upper sentence says what it should be like if it is "must", and the next sentence says what it should be like if it is "mo". There are also positive and negative oppositions. The meanings of the two sentences are closely related: "If there are flowers that can be broken, you must break them straight away" means "Enjoyment must wait until spring" from the positive side, "Don't wait until there are no flowers to break branches" means "Enjoyment must wait until spring" from the negative side, which is like It is a continuation of "persuading you" to express the same feelings repeatedly, but the tone and rhythm change from slow and slow to urgent and passionate. The phrase "Ken Zhe - Zhi Xu Zhe" has a short rhythm and extremely strong intensity. The "Zhi Xu" is more emphasized than the previous "Xu". This is a bold song of youth and love. The enthusiasm and unrestrainedness here are not only straightforward and bold, but also vivid and beautiful. The word "花" appears twice, and the word "Zhe" appears three times; "Xu——Mo" and so on, and "Mo——Xu" in the first couplet, naturally form a palindromic overlapping beauty. This series of natural and wonderful repetitions of words, sentences, and couplets make the poems catchy and the language sung.
In addition to the beauty of the form, its emotions change from a slow loop to a passionate turbulence, which also constitutes the internal rhythm of the poem, making people feel even more soul-stirring when read.
There is a kind of lyrics, as simple as one or two sentences, which can still acquire a moving charm after being paired with a beautiful melody by a skilled composer and sung repeatedly. However, the poetic meaning of "Golden Thread Clothes" is simple and unconventional. It is monotonous, there are reciprocations, there are changes, there are many in one, one in many, as an independent poem, it has swayed in many forms, not to mention that it was sung with music in the Tang Dynasty. No wonder it is so intoxicating and has been widely circulated.
Another notable feature of this poem is its unique and novel rhetoric. Generally speaking, the metaphorical techniques in old poems are often combined and used at the beginning of the poem; while the quatrains often use scene language first and then love language. This poem is unusual in that it has interest in the poem. It first adds poems and then compares them, with emotional words first and then scene words, which is unique. The sentence "I advise you not to cherish your gold-threaded clothes" is a poem, and using things to arouse feelings also has the effect of excitement. The second couplet of the poem is a metaphor, and it is also a continuation of the poetic meaning of the previous sentence "I must cherish my youth". Instead of using the "Geometry of Life" style of direct emotion, use flowers (symbols of youth and love) to compare the good times of youth, and use folded flowers to compare the good times of youth. It is both vivid and beautiful, so it is far greater than "carpe diem". A vulgar thought itself creates a world of images. This is the expression of art, image thinking. Missing youth will lead to endless regrets. This poem could have used idioms such as "the boss is sad" but did not use it to express this meaning. Instead, it moved closer to the metaphor of folding flowers, and then created " There is such an unheard-of strange saying.
There is no word for regret, but the words "empty broken branches" are so thought-provoking and artistically convincing!