Give it to Zhang Gongcao on the evening of August 15.
Han Yu
The dark clouds dispersed and the Milky Way disappeared.
The breeze blows across the sky and the moon shows its waves.
The sand is smooth, the water is still, there is no sound or shadow,
I'll give you a glass of wine and ask you to sing.
But your song is so sad, your voice is so bitter,
Before I finished listening, my tears had turned into rain:
Dongting Lake is connected with Jiuyi Mountain.
Dragons, crocodiles, ups and downs, apes, flying foxes, whimpering.
At the risk of ten to one death, I arrived at my official post.
I live there alone, quietly, as if I were hiding.
I left my bed, afraid of snakes; I eat, I'm afraid of poison,
The air in the lake stinks.
Yesterday, I beat gongs and drums in front of the state government.
The coronation of the emperor changed the kingdom.
The pardon runs 300 miles a day,
All the people who were dying got their sentences reduced.
Losers are promoted, exiles are recalled,
Corruption was abolished and honest officials were appointed.
My boss sent my name in, but the governor wouldn't listen.
Kanker had to move Man Jing.
My level is very low, and I have no reference value.
They may punish me by flogging the dust in the street.
Most of my exiled companions have gone home now,
For me, this is a trip to heaven beyond climbing. "
Stop your song, I beg you, listen to me,
A song completely different from yours:
"Tonight is the most beautiful moon of the year.
Everything else is fate, which is beyond our control.
But, to reject this wine, can we choose more tomorrow? ! "
Appreciation of Han Yu's poems
This poem is composed of Zhang's Song Jun and the author's My Song. The title is "A Gift to Zhang Gongcao", but it doesn't focus on "My Song". Instead, it takes ""as the main content and fills the poet's mind with the help of Zhang Bu.
The first four sentences of the poem describe the drinking environment of the host and guest on the night of August 15, such as the preface: the blue sky is cloudless, the breeze is bright and the moon is bright, and all is silent. In such a state, how can two friends who have the same experience not raise their glasses and drink generously? Han Yu is an ambitious man. At the age of 32, he once said, "I have a bright heart to serve my country. If I miss it, I will cry." . He not only cares about the country and the people, but also has the ability to reform politics. In the 19th year of Zhenyuan (803), there was a drought and the people were hungry. At that time, Han Yu and Zhang Shu bluntly suggested that Tang Dezong should reduce Guan Zhong's taxes, which angered the powerful. At the same time, they were exiled to the south. Han Yu was appointed Yangshan (now Guangdong) and Zhang Jian was appointed Linwu (now Hunan). Until Tang Xianzong granted amnesty to the whole world, they still could not return to the central office. Han Yu changed his official position in Jiangling Prefecture (now Jiangling, Hubei Province) and Zhang Shu changed his official position in Jiangling Prefecture. Han Yu had mixed feelings when he learned the news of the official change, so he took advantage of the Mid-Autumn Festival night to publish his thoughts on drinking poems and dedicated them to Zhang Shu, who was in the same boat.
After describing the moonlit environment, this poem takes "I propose a toast to you and ask you to sing" as a turning point, which leads to Zhang's elegy and is the main part of the whole poem.
The poet first wrote his feelings about cutie's "song": he said that the song sounded sour and his words were bitter, so "my tears turned into rain before I heard it" was deeply moved by the whole story.
Cutie's songs first described his sufferings when he was exiled to the south. The mountains are high and wide, the road is long, dragons haunt, animals howl, the region is desolate, and the wind and rain are sinister. When you arrive at the relegation center, it's hard to "risk death in nine cases out of ten, I have reached my official position", but it's even harder to "live alone and quietly, as if I were hiding". Then he wrote that there are many poisonous snakes in remote places in the south, and "getting out of bed" is terrible, even more afraid to go out and walk; Moreover, there is a poison that can kill people at any time. Be very careful in your diet. The wet and stinging "sea air" is unbearable. This exaggerated description of the natural environment is also a true portrayal of the poet's political situation at that time.
On the surface, the description of relegated life is sentimental and deep. The next turn, the jubilant * * * was used to praise the promulgation of the Amnesty order, and the situation was ups and downs. Tang Xianzong acceded to the throne, amnesty. In the poem, the drums rumbled when the pardon was announced, and the scene where the pardon was delivered to Wan Li was warm. The cheerful rhythm reflects the poet's cheerful mood. In particular, the Amnesty announced that "all capital crimes will be reduced" and "the official will be demoted and the title will be promoted", which of course made Han and Zhang full of hope for returning to Beijing. However, things are not that simple. Writing here, poetry has taken another turn. Although the Amnesty was clearly written, they were still unable to return to the court because of the obstruction of the "emissary". The words "Kan Ke had to change Man Jing" and "had to" vividly expressed dissatisfaction and helplessness. The land is "Man Jing" and the position is a small official like "judge", so humble that he is often "lamented" by the chief. Faced with this situation, they gave a deep sigh: "Most of my exiled compatriots are now returning home. For me, this is a trip to heaven beyond climbing." The political situation is still quite sinister.
Through cutie's songs, the above poets poured out their frustrations, their repressed duties, concrete images and fluent pen and ink. Since the poet has poured his own brick with someone else's glass, he doesn't have to waste pen and ink to express his feelings directly, so he wrote his own comment with "Stop your song, I beg you, listen to mine and a song that is completely different from yours". I only wrote three sentences: First, I wrote "August 15th", which is the best moonlight tonight and takes care of the topic; The second is to write that fate is in heaven; The third is to write that in the face of such a good night, you should drink to your heart's content. On the surface, these three poems are unremarkable, but in fact they are the most focused and wonderful poems. From his personal experience, Han Yu deeply felt that his career was ups and downs, and it was difficult to control his own destiny.
"Everything else is with fate, which is beyond our control." The feelings are deep and seemingly destined, but there are actually many unspeakable difficulties. On the night of August 15th, the bright moon hung in the blue sky like a mirror. If you don't drink, you will live up to this beautiful moonlight! In addition, you can drown your troubles by drinking, thus temporarily forgetting your troubles. So the mood changed from sadness to openness. However, this is just pretending to be broad-minded. A few words, as light as reality, are to the point, and there are intriguing meanings behind what you want to say and rest. Emotionally, from the sadness of relegation to the joy of Amnesty, from joy to the resentment of migrating to "Man Jing", he finally became broad-minded in helplessness. Ups and downs, twists and turns, twists and turns, twists and turns, a beautiful song, three sighs.
The whole poem has many rhymes, flexible rhymes and fluctuating syllables, which well shows the development and change of feelings and makes the whole poem vigorous and smooth. Structurally speaking, the head and tail have been scattered and taken care of by the bright moon, which makes the structure complete and deepens the desolation of the artistic conception.
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