1. Knowledge explanation
Expression techniques refer to the various techniques used by poets to shape images, create artistic conceptions, and express emotions. The appreciation of poetry expression skills is to identify the expressions, rhetorical techniques, expression techniques and artistic conception techniques used in poetry, analyze its own artistic effect, and evaluate its role in expressing the poet's thoughts and feelings. This is mainly reflected in The following 4 aspects:
Appreciate the 4 aspects of poetry expression skills
Rhetorical techniques
Metaphor, comparison, exaggeration, metonymy, pun, question, rhetorical question, etc.
Expression
Expression
Direct expression, indirect expression (using scenes to express feelings, supporting objects to express aspirations, borrowing the past to satirize the present)
Description
Side description, frontal description (line drawing, detailed description), combination of front and side
Expression techniques
Contrast, foil, Rendering, use of allusions, analogy, combination of movement and stillness, combination of reality and reality, combination of points and surfaces, combination of audio and video, association, imagination, etc.
Structural techniques
Expressing ambitions through chapters, expressing emotions with scenes, and restraining , foreshadowing, etc.
Note: If the question directly asks about expression skills, candidates should think from multiple perspectives.
2. Question-answering steps
Although expression skills are divided into four major categories, and each category is divided into multiple skills, from the perspective of the college entrance examination and actual problem-solving, the problem-solving steps are The same "3 steps" are required:
Step 1: Clarify the techniques
Read the poem, clarify the poetic meaning, combine the relevant information in the poem, and clarify the expression techniques used.
Step 2: Interpretation
Combined with specific verses, explain how to use expression techniques.
Step 3: Analyze the role
Analyze the role of expression skills in image, artistic conception, structure, emotion, etc.
Note: ① If the question stem has clearly expressed the skills, "Step 1" can be omitted; ② "Step 2 and Step 3" can also be combined or the order can be changed when answering.
3. Practical Exercise
Read the following Song poem and complete questions 14 to 15.
Two Autumn Nights (Part 1)
Kong Wenzhong ①
How can it last forever when I am alone on my pillow? The autumn is already cold with broken windows.
The sound of rain breaks my dream, and the frost hits my clothes.
The sharp sword destroys the spear, and the blue bird shrinks its feathers②.
The fighting spirit in my life turns into tears③.
Note ① Kong Wenzhong was upright by nature and an honest official. However, he opposed Wang Anshi's reform and was dismissed from office. This poem was written after he was dismissed from office. ② Cangwan (zhàn): a bird of prey. Yuhan: Wings. ③Bailan: The look of crying.
14. Two of the following understandings of poetry are incorrect (5 points)
A. The first sentence asks why the night is so long, and the poet strongly expresses his inner melancholy in a rhetorical tone.
B. The first couplet is set off by the season, time and residential environment, highlighting the poet's poor living conditions and lonely mood.
C. "The sound of rain breaks the dream" comes from "How long is the night when I am alone", which expresses the poet's pain of tossing and turning in sleep; "Frost hits the clothes sheet" comes from "the broken window is already cold in autumn", which expresses the bitterness of the cold air. What a person. It can be seen that the poet who was an honest official felt pain after being dismissed from office.
D. The last couplet states that the poet was always angry and ambitious, but unexpectedly encountered such a sad and lonely result. This couplet uses metaphorical rhetoric.
E. The whole poem adopts the technique of borrowing scenes to express emotions. For example, the chin couplet uses the cold rain on an autumn night to interrupt sleepiness and expresses the poet's pain of being unable to keep out the cold. The last couplet uses tears to express the poet's inner disappointment and pain.
15. Please analyze the expression skills and functions used by the author in the cervical joint. (6 points)
Answer:
14. (Double choice, ***5 points) D, 2 points; E, 3 points (D is a contrasting technique; the last couplet of E is to express one’s feelings directly) 15. Appropriate metaphors are used. (2 points) This couplet uses "sharp sword" and "green falcon" as metaphors for itself. It not only expresses the lofty ambitions and the need to contribute to the country, but also expresses the setbacks encountered by reality and the difficulty of realizing the ambition.
(4 points)