An auxiliary bishop (English) refers to a bishop who has no inheritance rights, and an auxiliary parish bishop.
Coat justitor Bishop (English) refers to the bishop who has the right of inheritance and assists the diocese bishop.
Catholicism is a branch of Christianity. Catholics believe that their religion was directly designated by Jesus. Although the closest name to the original text is "Catholic Church", the name "Catholicism" used since the Ming Dynasty (because it does not use the terms of gods and gods to refer to the gods they believe in, but only uses the word God) has become a formal Chinese synonym [1]. Among the public religions of various Christian denominations, the Roman Catholic Church (Roman Catholic Church) has the largest congregation, with a world population of 1 654,380 billion, so the term "Catholic Church" often refers to the Catholic Church integrated with the Pope. At present, the Catholic church is also the largest church in all Christianity.
The origin and history of names
The word "palace" in the Catholic Church comes from the Latin word "catholicus", which means "universal". Translated into Chinese, "public" and "the world is public" are the same, because Catholics believe that only the Catholic Church is a "universal", "ordinary" and "mass" church. They chose this name because they thought that the original church was open to everyone, not to a specific race, class or Sect.
The word "Catholic Church" first appeared before the present Catholic Church, in the creed of the apostles: "sanctam Ecclesiam atholicam", and in the nicene creed: "I believe in the only, most sacred and open church handed down by the apostles (Etunam, sanctam, Cathó licam et Apostolic am ecclé siam).
Although the original meaning of "Gong" is very common, many sects and churches in the history of Christian development want to have this title. In the end, the word "Gong" has been legally owned by the Roman Catholic Church. Just like the word "Zheng" in the Orthodox Church, its literal meaning is also very common, but it was later owned by the Orthodox Church. Nevertheless, there are still churches that are not affiliated with the Roman Catholic Church that use or keep the word "Catholic Church" in their names, such as the old Catholic Church, the ancient Catholic Church, the tolerant Catholic Church and the Chinese Catholic Patriotic Association.
Catholic church
After the split between East and West Rome in the 5th century, the Eastern Roman Empire regarded the patriarch Constantinople as authentic and evolved into the future Orthodox Church. The Holy See, which stayed in the original capital Rome, became the authentic Western Roman Empire after the split, which is the origin of the name "Roman Catholic Church".
According to the Roman Catholic Church, their lineage really originated from Jesus Christ. Their argument comes from Dou Fuyin's chapter 16 and section 18. Jesus said to St. Peter, "You are Peter (the rock), and I want to build my church on this rock. 」; Peter's name in Dou Fuyin is Aramaic "Cefa", which was translated from Protestantism into Cefa, which means rock in Aramaic. Therefore, they believe that St. Peter was the first bishop of Rome and has been passed down to this day. Peter's successor, known as the Pope, is the supreme leader of the global Catholic Church.
The Roman Catholic Church was once called the papal state, and until now, the Pope is still the head of the Vatican.
Other Catholic churches
In addition to the Roman Catholic Church, there are the Dongyi Catholic Church in Eastern Europe (popular in Ukraine and Belarus, forced to merge into the Orthodox Church in the Soviet era), the Maronite Catholic Church in Lebanon and the Coptic Catholic Church in Egypt. Unlike other churches, they recognize the status of the Pope and have a * * * relationship with Rome.
Doctrine and canon
Catholicism can be found in their official Catholic catechism.
The core of Catholic belief life is the seven sacraments, namely, baptism sacrament, strengthening sacrament, mending sacrament, communion, marriage sacrament, holy rank sacrament, and patient anointing (Protestantism only keeps baptism and holy blood as official sacraments). Among them, mass (taking the Eucharist as the theme) is the most important.
In daily life, chanting is also a common activity of Catholic believers. Most of these verses are arranged prayers for important verses, such as God's verses, Apostle's verses and Rose's verses.
There are many Catholic festivals, among which there are fewer Orthodox Christians and more Protestants. Among them, Christmas, Easter, Pentecost, Jesus ascensiontide, Eucharist and Holy Blood Festival are more important.
pastor
the Pope
crux of the matter
elephant
Father (missionary)
Deacon for life, deacon
[Editor] Monastery
In Egypt, the earliest religious groups appeared, and they fasted and prayed in isolation from the secular world. After the reform of St. Benedict, many monasteries for men and women appeared all over Europe.
Men who join this group are called monks and women are called nuns. They are not priests (although monks can become priests and even be elected as popes). They don't perform sacraments, but help priests do other jobs. They all preach God's three sacred wishes: poverty, obedience and chastity.
Monk groups established for different purposes and spirits are called monk groups, which are established to meet the needs of different times and society. The famous religious orders in Catholicism are Benedictine, Franciscans (for the poor), Domingo (for urban residents), Austrian, Jesuit (for scholars) and Salesian (for teenagers). While some religious orders are growing, they have also become an important tool for the Pope to control the secular forces in Europe. For example, Domingo once presided over the heresy tribunal, and Jesus actively participated in persecuting Protestants. In some periods, some powerful religious orders were also attacked by the Catholic Church. For example, the Jesuits were dissolved by Pope Clement XIV and stopped their activities in traditional Catholic areas for half a century.
Since the end of19th century, many monasteries founded by China people have appeared one after another. In People's Republic of China (PRC), many people mistakenly refer to this order as the church, which is a misunderstanding. There are both international organizations and organizations affiliated to parishes (parishes, such as some nuns). There are different forms of religious groups all over the world, but they all belong to the Catholic Church.