Teaching objectives
1. Appreciate the scenery, emotion and reason of this poem and improve the ability of poetry appreciation.
2. Improve students' association and imagination, and enter the poetic mood.
3. Cultivate students' ability to feel poetry in reading.
Teaching step
First, guide the design.
Since ancient times, the moon has always been the object of literati's chanting, and it is an eternal theme, in which their love and hate are poured, their joys and sorrows are pinned, and their bumpy life course is displayed. Therefore, the symbolic significance of the moon in China culture is very rich. She is a symbol of beauty and has created many beautiful aesthetic moods. At the same time, the moon is also the carrier of human lovesickness, maintaining the lovesickness between lovers and expressing people's nostalgia for their hometown, relatives and friends. In the writings of frustrated people, the moon has a symbol of frustration, which has aroused the ethereal feelings of many frustrated literati. At the same time, the moon hanging high in the sky has also aroused people's philosophical thinking, thus becoming an eternal symbol.
When we look up at the night sky and see the bright moon, our hearts will always cause infinite reverie. We naturally think of poems related to the moon: for example, the moon in Zhang Jiuling's "Looking at the Moon and Thinking Far away" is now very round at sea, and it is the end of the world. The poem in Li Bai's "Thinking of a Quiet Night": The foot of the bed is bright, is there frost? . I looked up at the moon and looked down, feeling nostalgic. There are also poems in Du Fu's "Remembering Brothers on a Moonlit Night". For example, he knows that the dew will frost tonight, and the moonlight at home is so bright! , describing the moon, too numerous to mention. In the brilliant and starry field of Tang poetry, there is such a poet who has achieved the reputation of poetry for thousands of years because of a bright moon. This poet is Zhang at the turn of the Tang Dynasty, and this poem is "Moonlit Night on a Spring River", which has fascinated countless people for thousands of years. Today, let's enjoy Zhang's Bright Moon in the Sky.
Second, the author's brief introduction and background tips
submitter
Zhang, a native of Yangzhou in the Tang Dynasty, was a poet in the early Tang Dynasty. And He, Zhang Xu and Bao Rong. Known as the Four Scholars of Wu Zhong. Former Yanzhou soldier Cao. In his poetic style, he hated the ethereal beauty since the Six Dynasties, pursued freedom and boldness, and was full of lofty ideals.
(2) Solving problems
Moonlit Night on the Spring River is a Yuefu poem. The author absorbed the content and form of folk songs in the Southern Dynasties and touched the splendid landscape of the motherland with harmonious tunes. Explore the mysteries of the universe. Described the touching scene of moonlight flowers on the riverside, and expressed a wanderer's feelings of missing his wife and hating Chang Zaixin's head. Beautiful style of writing, lyrical lingering and meaningful words have opened up the lofty artistic conception and meter of poetry, made the content and form of poetry reach a perfect unity, and laid the foundation for poetry integrating scenery, narration and lyricism. It has a far-reaching influence on the inheritance and development of poetry and has fascinated countless readers for more than a thousand years. Zhang, who left only two poems in his life, was a great success because of this poem.
Third, the study of this poem focuses on reading, which conveys feelings and combines reading with enlightenment.
The teacher made a model of reading aloud with music. Ask the students to imagine when they appreciate the teacher's model essay reading, restore the language to a picture that not only conforms to the original description, but also has the students' own aesthetic interest, and then walk into this picture. Among them, imagination is crucial.
Fourth, appreciate poetry.
(1) The first eight sentences are the first part, which describes the beautiful scenery of spring, river, flowers, moon and night according to the topic, focusing on the beautiful realm of the bright moon in the sky and illuminating the whole river sea and the sky.
Hint: This poem was written in the beautiful moonlight by the river. From far to near, from big to small, it depicts a scene of "moonlight on the spring river" The river tide is vast and connected with the sea. The bright moon was born on this vast sea, and the Wan Li River is under the bright moon! The river flows around the lush vilen; The flower forest under the moonlight seems to be covered with snow beads. The moonlight is like frost, and it is impossible to detect the frost flying; The white sand on the mainland blends with the moonlight, so you can't see it clearly.
Q: What images did the poet write in his previous poems? Please imagine and describe this picture in your own language.
The students replied that the teacher summed up the artistic conception of this part of the picture: the trend of the Chunjiang River is surging, as if connected with the sea, and it is magnificent. At this time, a bright moon rises with the tide head Ran Ran, and the bright moon and the river tide set each other off, sparkling, which riverside is not in the bright light of the bright moon! In spring, the river winds around Yuan Ye, and flowers are everywhere. The flowers are shining with silver, and the moonlight in the sky is like frost. The white sand and moonlight on the river bank melted into a vast expanse of white.
(2) The next eight sentences are the second part, from describing scenery to observing life, thinking about the relationship between the infinity of life and the infinity of the universe.
The poet, living in the pure land of the river, can't help wondering about this round of lonely moon in the air: who first saw this round of bright moon on the river? When did Jiang Yue start to shine? Life is endless from generation to generation, but Jiangyue has not changed year after year. Is she waiting for someone? But there are only endless rivers under the moon.
The river is clear and the sky is clear, leaving only a bright full moon. Who first saw Jiang by the river last month? Since when did Jiang Yue take photos silently? Life is endless from generation to generation, and Jiang Yue is the same year after year. I don't know who Jiang Yue is waiting for. The Yangtze River sends away the east flowing water.
Rb: The philosophy of life in the universe is short and eternal.
(3) The remaining sentence 16 is the third part, which expresses the sadness of life and eulogizes people's yearning for love and happiness.
Specifically, this part is divided into two layers:
(1) Long Qianli, from white clouds to fish, wrote one layer at a time, writing about women and people.
It is unique for a woman who writes about thinking here to miss a wanderer. Moonlight is everywhere. Jade curtain last month, anvil last month. That lovely bright moon always shines on her makeup mirror, as if trying to comfort her, but missing the moon adds to the pain. She wanted to sweep the moonlight off the anvil and roll up the curtains to sweep it away, but the nasty moonlight could not be rolled away and swept back. The boundless moonlight enveloped everything. Hongyan has been flying, but still can't fly out of the boundless moonlight. The fish and dragons are rippling underwater, and Sifu has to send her lovesickness by moonlight.
A piece of Bai Yunfei can't go back, leaving the Qingfeng-xiangguang fracture paved with sadness. Whose wanderer is drifting on the river boat tonight? Which moon building is the lovesick person in? The sultry moon is wandering upstairs. You should look at her toilet mirror. Through the curtain, it won't roll down, but it's full of broken anvil, which will be returned after dust removal. Looking hard, but I can't hear your voice, I would like to turn into moonlight and shine on you thousands of miles away. Thousands of miles away, the geese didn't hear from you. They jumped into the middle of the river and wrinkled the ripples all over the river.
(2) From the falling flowers in the idle pool last night, I dreamed of falling on the moon. I wrote about my wandering homesickness with a feeling of shaking all over the country.
The last few words say that the moon is idle and the spring will be old, suggesting that the woman's youth will die. I wonder how many tourists can go home by the moon on this moonlit night by the riverside. At this time, the moon is sinking in the west, and the feeling of parting between the wandering man and his wife is sprinkled on the trees by the river with the shadow of the moon.
Last night, in my dream, flowers fell into the long river, and I was going home in spring, but you still didn't go home. Flowers have fallen, the moon is about to fall, and the spring river flows like falling flowers. The west moon sinks into the vast sea fog, Jieshi Xiaoxiang, and the road is long and Xiu Yuan Xi. How many people can come back in the moonlight? The falling moon shook the trees full of sadness.
Affection: The wanderer's thoughts and love for his wife are sad and euphemistic.
The poet takes the moonlight on the spring river as the background, and sets off his wandering sorrow for his wife with his beautiful scenery. Through the comparison between Jiang Yue and life, it shows that life is short, and in the short life, the sadness of parting is getting stronger and stronger. Although this poem is a bit sad, it doesn't look decadent as a whole. It shows the yearning for a better life, cherishing youth and exploring the life of the universe. The realm is quite open.
Structurally, this poem not only takes the process of the moon from rising to falling as the external clue of the whole poem, but also takes the moon as the main body of scenery description and the support of lamenting and lyricism, giving consideration to both the outside and the inside, and blending scenes, making the whole poem look seamless.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) abstract
1, content review
This is a lyric poem. The poet described in detail the quiet natural scenery of the moonlit night on the riverside of the south of the Yangtze River, and from this, he sent out his thoughts on the infinity of the universe and the shortness of life, as well as his regret that the wanderer misses his wife but lives far apart in the bright moon tonight. Although there is no sadness in the poem that life is short, it is as light as smoke, and the lingering melancholy is mixed with years of attachment to life, cherish youth, endless life from generation to generation, and a little relief that can accompany the bright moon for a long time; Although there is also the sadness of husband and wife's parting, it is soft as water, full of lovesickness and the warmth of the moon's lovesickness, and contains a good expectation for reunion.
On the surface, although the bright moon is round and the human feelings are not round, it shows the beautiful back of the scenery and human feelings; The moon is long and life is gone, which shows the contradiction between the universe and life. But from a deeper perspective, sending homesickness by the bright moon shows the harmony between human heart and nature. The infinity of life has been similar to that of the river and the moon year after year, showing the unity of life and the universe. The author's thinking on the relationship between man and nature transcends the traditional K mortar that only laments the shortness of life, and shows his love for life and his pursuit of happiness in life. While praising nature, he also praised life, which not only embodies the poet's profound understanding of the meaning of life and the relationship between man and nature, but also embodies the traditional spirit of the integration of man and nature in ancient China philosophy. Therefore, Mr. Wen Yiduo praised this poem for showing Xing's unique cosmic consciousness and deeper and more lonely realm.
2. Discuss the meanings of three images of this poem in groups: the bright moon, the river and the fallen flowers.
(1) Yue Ming:
Today people don't see Gu Yue, but this month they are used to seeing the ancients (Tang Libai)
It is still the moon and border pass in Qin and Han dynasties, and the enemy has fought a protracted war. (Don Wang Changling)
When will there be a bright moon? I take my glass from a distance. I don't know the palace in the sky, and I don't know the month and time. (Song Sushi)
In the old moon to the east of Huaishui, I came to the Night Maiden Wall (Yuxi, Liu Tang).
The moon, at this time is at sea, over the end of the world. This is a long night, a long night of thoughtfulness. (Zhang Tang's nine-year-old "Looking at the Moon")
The foot of my bed is shining with such bright light. Is it frosty already? Looking up, I found it was moonlight, sinking again, and I suddenly remembered home. (Tang Libai's Silent Night Thinking)
(2) River water
Zi said in Sichuan: the deceased is like a husband, not giving up day and night. The Analects of Confucius
I live in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and you live in the lower reaches. I miss you every day, but I can't see you, so I drink Yangtze River water. Li Chi Ngai's Operator.
A river never returns, a romantic figure through the ages, Su Shi's Niannujiao Chibi Nostalgia.
The Yangtze River flows eastward, and the waves wash away heroes. Yang Shen's Linjiang Fairy
How many things have gone up and down through the ages? The Endless Yangtze River —— Nanxiangzi by Xin Qiji in Southern Song Dynasty
The distance from hate is endless, as far as spring water. Ouyang Xiu's Walking on the Sand
Ask how much sorrow you can have, just like a river flowing eastward.
(3) Falling flowers
Miss you, when flowers bloom and fall. (Tang, one of the four poems of Spring Hope)
There is nothing to do, flowers bloom and fall, and it seems familiar that Yan returns. (Song Yan Shu's "Huanxi Yarn")
Falling Flowers Independent, Swift Qi Fei. (Linjiang Fairy by Song Yan Dao Ji)
Spring hates autumn and worries about it. Who is the beauty of face? (Qing Dream of Red Mansions)
Running water is gone, and spring is gone. (Li Yong's "Langtaosha")
3, teacher evaluation summary
(1) Yue Ming:
In the face of the vastness of the universe, the infinity of the bright moon and the limitation of life, many works that grieve, cherish and sigh have been passed down through the ages. The moon has already transformed from a white jade plate into a time image flowing eastward, which makes people suddenly feel small and short in front of the endless, deep and eternal universe, and even arouses the will to blend with the historical torrent and work hard in a short life. Of course, the moon is still the representative image of sadness and love.
(2) River water:
The Yangtze River flows eastward, the jade belt is lingering, and the scenery along the coast is picturesque, which has spawned many famous sentences that have been told through the ages. River is not only a concept of space, but also a concept of time. No matter you are A Qin, Wu Han, Tang Zong, Song Zu or a lean generation, without exception, you will eventually be lost in the rolling history. When you are alive, no matter how brilliant your life is, you can't escape the laws of nature, and it will eventually become dust and running water. It shows the emptiness of life, which is more profound and distant.
(3) falling flowers:
Throughout the history of China's poetry, there are fewer flowers and more flowers. Falling flowers are full of feelings and fears that spring is no longer, youth is no longer, and beauty is dying. Colorful falling flowers is the core image of the theme of hurting spring in China's classical poems. With the fallen flower as the medium, the beautiful and fluent language expresses the sigh of the fleeting time. Beauty is easy to get old and life is impermanent, which covers almost all the meanings of the fallen flower image in later generations. In "A Moonlit Night on a Spring River", the author Zhang showed a fragment of the heroine's blurred dream: last night, the dream fell in a pool. On the moonlit riverside, the scenery is infinite, and the person she is waiting for has not come back yet. Beautiful petals float quietly in the silent deep pool, and the moment in the dream reflects the desolation of long-term watch and the panic of beautiful aging.
Attached blackboard: moonlight night on the spring river
Scene: The moonlight and flowers by the river are beautiful and profound.
Rb: The philosophy of life in the universe is short and eternal.
Affection: The wanderer's thoughts and love for his wife are sad and euphemistic.
Distribution of intransitive verbs
1, recite the whole poem "Moonlit Night on a Spring River";
2. Express the beautiful artistic conception of this poem in the form of modern literature.
The moon came out, from the center of the tide, where the river surged to the tide. Thousands of miles of spring tides are rippling, and thousands of miles of spring river are full moon. The river bends over the fragrant Ye Ping, and the moonlight shines on the top of the forest, and flowers are like snow. Moonlight is like frost in the air, and the white sand on the beach disappears into the frost. The river is clear and the sky is clear, leaving only a bright full moon. Who first saw the river by the river? Last month, Jiang Yue followed in silence. Life is endless from generation to generation, and Jiang Yue is the same year after year. I don't know who Jiang Yue is waiting for. The Yangtze River sends away the east flowing water. A piece of Bai Yunfei can't go back, leaving the Qingfeng-xiangguang fracture paved with sadness. Whose wanderer is wandering on the river boat tonight, and the lovesick person is wandering on the top floor of Mingyue Building. It's time to see her toilet mirror. Through the curtain, it won't roll down, but it's full of broken anvil, which will be returned after dust removal. Looking hard, but I can't hear your voice, I would like to turn into moonlight and shine on you thousands of miles away. Thousands of miles away, the geese didn't hear from you. They jumped into the middle of the river and wrinkled the ripples all over the river. Last night, in my dream, flowers fell into the long river, and I was going home in spring, but you still didn't go home. Flowers have fallen, the moon is about to fall, and the spring river flows like falling flowers. The west moon sinks into the vast sea fog, Jieshi Xiaoxiang, and the road is long and Xiu Yuan Xi. How many people can come back in the moonlight and shake the sad tree.
3. Write a short composition of about 150 words from any images such as flowers and the moon in the poem, which requires a combination of description, lyricism and discussion.
Fan Wen: The spring tide is surging, as if connected with the sea. At this time, a bright moon rose from the horizon, looking from a distance, as if spewing out from the tide. The bright moon and the river tide set each other off, and the waves shone far away from Wan Li. Which river is not in the bright moon? In spring, the river winds around Yuan Ye, where flowers and plants are everywhere, and the moonlight falls on the flower trees like a layer of white snow beads. The moonlight in the sky falls from the sky like frost, and the white sand and moonlight on the riverside melt into a vast expanse of whiteness. Jiang Tian was spotless, and a bright moon hung high in the air.
I look up to the bright moon, cruising in the sky, which has a history of five thousand years. It spanned the Qin and Han Dynasties, the Tang, Song, Ming and Qing Dynasties, bathed in the surging Yangtze River and the rolling Yellow River. How many people's eyes and souls are illuminated by it? Li Bai and Wang Yue: Today people don't see Gu Yue. This month, they used it to see the ancients. Asking for the moon Zhang: Who sees the first sight of the moon by the river and shines at the beginning of the month? Su Dongpo asks for the moon: When will there be a bright moon? Ask heaven for wine. In Li Qingzhao's poems, the moonlight is flat and even, flowing on the strings of A Bing's "Two Springs Reflecting the Moon". The moonlight shines on Mr. Zhu's lotus pond, holding the moon, thinking about the depth of the years step by step, and we snuggle in the arms of the moon and me to keep warm.
Seven. Course summary
In this class, through reading aloud, we felt the painting of spring, the volume of river, the content of flowers, the appearance of the moon and the scene of night in Zhang's works, and also tasted the poet's unique philosophy of cosmic life. The poet thinks that life is short, but human beings are long and can live with Jiang Yue. At the same time, we also appreciate the homesickness and homesickness of the wanderer in the poem and learn the unique techniques of the poet. After learning such a beautiful poem, how many beautiful reverie can you have when you look up at the sky and see the cold crescent moon tonight?