Expressed his deep sorrow for the victims of the "Southern Anhui Incident" and his longing for his subordinates, as well as his strong determination to die rather than surrender after being imprisoned.
Key points: The door for people to enter and exit is locked, which refers to the door that the real revolutionary martyrs walked out;
The hole for dogs to crawl out is open, which refers to the door that is given to anyone who betrays the revolution. Freedom;
This article tells that General Ye Ting would rather lose his life than betray the revolution.
Reference materials: Beijing Normal University textbook
The following is some background knowledge
"Prison Song"
Ye Ting was arrested and imprisoned in Chongqing The Sino-American Cooperation Institute, completely ignoring threats and inducements, wrote a "Prison Song" on the wall of Cell No. 2 in the Zhazidong Concentration Camp to express its intentions:
The door for people to enter and exit is locked. The hole for the dog to crawl out was open, and a voice shouted - Climb out, I will set you free! I long for freedom, but I know deep down - how can a human body crawl out of a dog hole! I hope that one day the fire in the underground will burn me together with this living coffin, and I should get eternal life in the fire and blood!
Ye Ting is a famous general in the history of the Chinese revolution. Mao Zedong once called him to his face "the first commander-in-chief of the Communist Party of China, and the history of the people's army must start with you." His achievements in pioneering the path of the people's army and his noble integrity will be remembered forever.
Life
■During the Northern Expedition, he won consecutive battles and was promoted from regimental commander to major general
■The Guangzhou Uprising first used the banner of the "Red Army". Commander-in-Chief for two days
Ye Ting, whose original name was Xun and whose courtesy name was Xiyi. He was born in a farming family in Huiyang County, Guangdong in 1896. His father opened a drug store and worked in Nanyang. He lived a poor life since childhood and developed a thrifty and simple style. When he was 7 years old, he went to a primary school that had just been converted from a private school. When he was 15 years old, he was admitted to the free Huizhou Sericulture School. Influenced by the Guangzhou Uprising in 1911, he took the lead in cutting braids and was imprisoned once. After that, he felt that he should join the army to save the country, so he was admitted to the Guangdong Army Primary School in 1912. Within five years, he was gradually promoted to the Hubei Army Preparatory School and the highest military school in the country - Baoding Military Academy. While in school, he liked to read the magazine "New Youth" edited by Chen Duxiu, yearning for the light of new ideas in the dark warlord-style education.
In 1917, Ye Ting joined the Cantonese Army shortly after returning to Guangdong. In 1922, he served as the commander of the Second Battalion of Sun Yat-sen's Guard Regiment. The following year, when Chen Jiongming bombarded the Presidential Palace, Ye Ting led his troops to fight hard to protect Sun Yat-sen and Soong Ching Ling from danger. In 1924, in order to cultivate military talents for the Kuomintang, Sun Yat-sen personally decided to let Ye Ting study in the Soviet Union. He first entered Dongfang University and was influenced by Li Dazhao and his classmates who were Communist Party members. The following year, he, Nie Rongzhen and others entered the Military Academy, where they applied for party membership and were approved.
In the autumn of 1925, the Guangdong District Committee of the Communist Party of China, led by Zhou Enlai and Chen Yannian, obtained the consent of Li Jishen, Commander of the Fourth Army, and established an independent regiment led by the Communist Party of China (original designation (For the 34th Regiment), Ye Ting, who had just returned to China, was appointed as the regiment leader.
In 1926, the Northern Expedition began. Ye Ting led the independent regiment as the vanguard to go out to southern Hunan for the first time. They fought in consecutive battles and captured Wuchang along the way. He was promoted to major general by the Nationalist Government as a regiment leader. Subsequently, the regiment expanded into two divisions, and he served as the commander of the 24th Division. During the Nanchang Uprising in 1927, he led his troops as the main force. After the troops were frustrated, he sneaked to Hong Kong. In December of the same year, the Guangzhou Uprising took on the banner of the "Red Army" for the first time, and he served as commander-in-chief. Two days later, the Guangzhou Uprising failed. Ye Ting was punished inappropriately by the organization. After he was transferred to Moscow to study, he was criticized. Ye Ting left Western Europe in anger and broke away from the party.
Background
■Studying military affairs in Germany, and opening a restaurant due to difficulties in life
■“Revolution is like climbing a mountain...I once climbed to the middle of the mountain. I went back again, and now I’m following you again!”
After leaving the party, Ye Ting went to Germany to study military affairs. Due to difficulties in life, he opened a restaurant and returned to Macau after five years in Europe. When the Kuomintang wanted people to know about it, they sent gifts one after another to win over them. Ye Ting refused them all and actively searched for the Communist Party. After the Anti-Japanese War broke out in 1937, he immediately rushed to Yan'an. Mao Zedong presided over a welcoming meeting for him. At the meeting, Ye Ting said excitedly: "Revolution is like climbing a mountain. Many comrades are not afraid of high mountains or dangerous roads and keep walking upward. For a while, I climbed halfway up the mountain and turned back, and now I'm following up again!"
Ye Ting was entrusted by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to negotiate with the Kuomintang as a non-party member to reorganize the Red Army guerrillas in the eight southern provinces into the New Fourth Army and serve as its commander.
On the anti-Japanese front line in southern Anhui, Xiang Ying, deputy commander of the New Fourth Army and secretary of the Southeast Bureau of the Communist Party of China, viewed Ye Ting as someone outside the party. The relationship between the two was not harmonious, and the Kuomintang took the opportunity to provoke him. Mao Zedong always asked Xiang Ying and others to respect Ye Ting. After Zhou Enlai personally came forward to persuade him, Ye Ting stayed in his job for the sake of the overall situation. In 1941, at the critical moment when the Kuomintang besieged the headquarters of the New Fourth Army in southern Anhui, Mao Zedong called and decided that the entire army would be commanded by Ye Ting. Ye Ting was very grateful for the central government's trust and led his troops in a bloody battle. He was finally detained by the Kuomintang when he was ordered to negotiate. After long-term negotiations with the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, he was released in March 1946.
On the second day after he was released from prison, Ye Ting called the central government to request to join the party again, which was approved two days later. On April 8, 1946, while going to Yan'an, he was killed when his plane crashed into a mountain in heavy fog.
Story
■When he was awarded the title in 1955, Chen Yi lamented to Ye Jianying: "If Comrade Ye Ting were still here, there should be two Marshals Ye!"
■After long-term practice, Mao Zedong, Zhu De and others proposed a set of unique principles applicable to China's revolutionary war. However, in terms of the continuity of our military's history, it should also include Ye Ting's military development and exploration
The history of any army has inheritance, just like the offspring are born out of the mother. . Although the Nanchang Uprising on August 1, 1927 was the official birth date of the army independently led by the Communist Party, the previous Ye Ting Independent Regiment had laid the organizational foundation, and during the Northern Expedition, it had also accumulated experience in a series of bloody battles under Wuchang City. war experience.
The era when Ye Ting joined the army was at the time when China's military system was transitioning from old to new. While most of his classmates were serving the warlords, he dedicated his talents to the cause of building an army for the Communist Party of China - he combined the military with the most advanced political parties.
It should be admitted that Ye Ting did not learn the strategies and tactics suitable for the Communist Party's guerrilla warfare from the regular military academy, and the Nanchang Uprising troops suffered a loss when they fought hard in Guangdong. At a time when the entire party lacks military experience, we cannot be too harsh on our predecessors. Mao Zedong, Zhu De and others later put forward a set of unique principles for China's revolutionary war after long-term practice. However, in terms of the continuity of our military's history, this should also include Ye Ting's military development and exploration. When talking about the construction of the people's army, we cannot forget this famous Northern Expedition general who, although he only officially served as "commander-in-chief" for two days, died before being awarded the title of marshal.
■When Chen Jiongming rebelled, Ye Ting held a "flower machine gun" and fought a bloody path for Soong Ching Ling, who was pregnant at the time
■Someone said during the Northern Expedition: "You must not retreat in a war. , be careful of Ye Ting’s pistol!”
Ye Ting has been fond of practicing boxing and martial arts since he was a child, and has since been a regular student in many military academies. He is not only proficient in army business, but also takes the lead in combat. In 1923, when Chen Jiongming attacked the Presidential Palace in Guangzhou, Ye Ting led his troops to first cover Sun Yat-sen's escape, and then personally held a "flower machine gun" (i.e. submachine gun) to shoot at the rebels, opening the way for the pregnant Soong Ching Ling to break out.
After the beginning of the Northern Expedition, the firepower of both sides' troops was not strong. Ye Ting emphasized that when encountering the enemy, he would shoot fiercely, then quickly rush into the enemy's position to disrupt it, and then pursue it for a long distance before it could reorganize. Later, it was summarized as "Strike, rush, chase." He encouraged his troops to press forward and enforced battlefield discipline ruthlessly against those who flinched. At that time, some student soldiers had stage fright on the battlefield, and others warned: "You must not retreat during the battle, be careful of Ye Ting's pistol!" The later Red Army was always able to defeat more with less, and it inherited the fighting spirit of Ye Ting's Iron Army. One of the important factors.
■When Ye Ting was escorted to Chongqing, he held an oil lamp. He said it was because "it was not yet clear"
■Ye Ting was killed. Mao Zedong was deeply saddened and listed his death in Yan'an. When the two sons arrived at home, they comforted them and said, "My home is also your home."
Ye Ting saved Sun Yat-sen and his wife, was a famous general in the Northern Expedition, and enjoyed a high reputation in both the Kuomintang and the Communist Party. The Kuomintang repeatedly pulled him away and promised high-ranking officials and generous salaries, but Ye Ting never gave in to the Kuomintang's coercion and inducements after embarking on the revolutionary road. In addition, although Ye Ting had been wronged within the party and had taken detours, he remained persistent. pursue their own ideals and pursuits.
During the Wannan Incident in January 1941, Ye Ting was detained. Afterwards, he was taken to a cell in Shangrao and then imprisoned in a damp cave in Guilin. He refused to get a haircut in protest. More than a year later, Chiang Kai-shek thought that he might be softened after suffering enough and ordered him to be taken to Chongqing. According to the records of Shen Zui, the head of the military secret service at the time, Ye Ting had long hair and beard when he got off the plane, and he was holding an oil lamp. When others asked why he held up the lamp during the day, Ye Ting replied that it was still dark, making a bitter satire on the darkness of the Kuomintang.
Ye Ting was first sent to the "privileged treatment room". Chiang Kai-shek advised him to "repent" face to face, and Chen Cheng also promised him the position of deputy commander-in-chief of the theater. Ye Ting flatly refused and only asked for the release of imprisoned New Fourth Army personnel. Chiang Kai-shek became angry and imprisoned him in solitary confinement at the "Sino-American Cooperation Institute". Later, Ye Ting was exiled to Enshi, Guilin and other places under the surveillance of secret agents. He refused to receive the money given by the Kuomintang and only borrowed living expenses from friends, explaining that the Communist Party would return it in the future. Some senior Kuomintang officials came to the prison cell to ask him what he wanted to do in the future. Ye Ting said that if he could regain his freedom, "the first thing he would do would be to apply to the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to reinstate my party membership." When he was released from prison, congratulatory messages were sent from all theaters of the People's Liberation Army. Unfortunately, one month later, Ye Ting, his wife, and their son and daughter died. Mao Zedong was deeply saddened when he learned about it. He took Ye Ting's two sons in Yan'an home to comfort him and said: "My home is also your home.
”
Let the heavy iron shackles ring under your feet,
Let you raise the whip high,
I don’t need any “confession”,< /p>
Even if there is a bloody bayonet on the chest!
People cannot lower their noble heads.
Only those who are afraid of death can beg for "freedom";
What is gained by torture?
Death cannot make me speak!
I laugh loudly at death,
The devil’s palace is laughing. The voice wavered;
This is the "confession" of me, a Communist Party member,
Singing a triumphant song to bury the Chiang Dynasty
This. It is a famous poem titled "My "Confession"" written by Chen Ran, a young Communist Party member and revolutionary martyr, in the face of severe torture and death threats from the enemy.
Chen Ran was born in Xianghe County, Hebei Province in November 1923. After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, he fled with his family to Yichang, Hubei and other places. In the summer of 1938, 15-year-old Chen Ran participated in the anti-Japanese national salvation movement in western Hubei and participated in the Chinese Communist Party. The "Anti-Japanese War Theater" led by the Communist Party of China. In March 1939, he joined the Communist Party of China. In early 1947, under the leadership and support of the Cultural Committee of the Southern Bureau of the Communist Party of China, he participated in the organization of "Wandering" magazine in Chongqing. , guiding young people to take the revolutionary road of integrating workers and peasants. In July 1947, the Chongqing underground party decided to publish the Advance Newspaper. He first served as a member of the special branch organization of the Advance Newspaper, and later served as secretary, responsible for the mimeograph work of the newspaper. p>
On April 22, 1948, due to the traitor's betrayal, Chen Ran was arrested by the Kuomintang agents and imprisoned in the Baigongguan Prison. The Kuomintang agents used various torture methods such as the tiger bench on him. He was tortured to death. His leg was seriously injured, but he was unyielding and strictly guarded the party's secrets. In prison, he wrote the news he received from the senior Kuomintang general Huang Xiansheng on a note and secretly passed it on to his fellow prisoners, which was called the "Prison Advance Newspaper." . When the news of the founding of New China reached the prison, he and his fellow prisoners could not restrain their excitement and sewed a five-star red flag with their own hands.
On October 28, 1949, Chen Ran was killed by Kuomintang agents. He was only 26 years old when he died at the Daping execution ground near Zhazi Cave in Chongqing.
He fulfilled his solemn oath to the party with his own life: "As long as there is still breath, we will fight for the revolution to the end!"