The answer mode of Chinese reading in senior high school
(1) Poetry answering mode
1. Artistic conception category: painting the picture (loyal to the original poem, beautiful language)+summarizing the atmosphere+analyzing thoughts and feelings.
2. Techniques: revealing techniques+combining poetry analysis (how to use it)+thoughts and feelings+effects.
3. Language features: revealing language features+combining with specific analysis of poetry+thoughts and feelings+effects.
4. Word refining: the meaning of words in sentences+skills (flexible use, inverted sentences, techniques)+scene description in sentences+artistic conception and feelings (effects).
5. Keyword category: thematic function+structural function
6. Emotional category: express (lodge/reveal) xx feelings through xx content.
7. Summarize the theme category: poetry positioning+content of each sentence+expressing xx feelings through xx technique+evaluation.
8. Appreciation category: what is written+how to write it (skill+language style+sentence characteristics)+expression effect (emotion)
9. Image category: find the poem+analyze the basic meaning+why to write (theme)+effect.
10. Poetry: surface meaning+deep meaning
(2) Modern composition answering mode
1. Open question: evaluation+citation+analysis+conclusion.
2. Say something or add the ending: perception+extension.
3. Causes: objective reasons+subjective reasons.
4. The expressive function of words: image+emotion+accuracy+structure.
5. Lenovo perception: A. Feeling: According to the text, contact the full text.
B. understanding: combine reality with yourself, give another example and make suggestions.
6. The function of the sentence: a. Ideological: linking the meaning of the sentence+highlighting the content or revealing the meaning of the paragraph+linking the center, attitude and feelings+revealing the expression effect by rhetoric or expression.
B. Structurally: arouse the following, set suspense, pave the way, render the atmosphere, take care of the previous article, summarize the previous article, make the structure rigorous, connect the preceding with the following, and reveal the context of the article.
7. Key sentence understanding: Grasp the key words in the sentence+contact context.
8. why do you want to write y as x? Reveal the relationship between x and y+lead out the writing theme+highlight the theme characteristics.
9. How to demonstrate: demonstration method+demonstration process.
(3) The novel's unique answering mode.
1. Character analysis: Character positioning (personality, status)+grasping modifiers to analyze one by one.
2. Evaluate the character image: the positioning of the character image (personality and status)+the significance of shaping the character image.
3. The role of narration in the novel: plot angle (up and down)+theme angle+character image angle.
4. Theme of the novel: Through the xx events of xx people, the spirit (social phenomenon) of xx was praised (criticized).
5. Brief analysis of characters: positioning of characters (character and status)+analyzing characters with examples+shaping the meaning of characters (plot and theme).
6. Novel expression: expression+description+structural arrangement+language features.
7. Portrait+Expression+Action+Language+Psychology.
(4) Unique application essay answering mode.
1. The art of asking questions in an interview: stick to the topic, not ramble+be good at guiding, interlocking+respond in time, and facilitate communication.
2. Excellence of news works: material selection+object+viewpoint+questioning skills.
3. Is it redundant to write xx? : theme+characters+stylistic features
(5) accumulation-modern literature
1. Long sentence: A is full of capacity and momentum +b can explain things carefully and closely +c expresses complex and rich feelings.
2. Short sentences: A sentence is short, concise and lively, crisp and powerful +b syllables are few, and there are many pauses, which are easy to cause momentum +c is easy to express rich emotions and strong feelings.
3. The function of description of natural environment (in the novel): A to render atmosphere, image and artistic conception +b to promote (or set off) plot development +c to symbolize meaning +d to explain background (time, place, etc. ).
4. The function of description of natural environment (in prose): A, setting off atmosphere, image, artistic conception +b, expressing beauty +c, expressing the author's emotion +d, as a clue to string up time +e, and witnessing the vicissitudes of history.
5. The environment in literary works includes: a specific landscape description +b living social environment +c social and historical background and characteristics of the times.
6. Image of literary works: A character +b character's mental outlook +c character's ideological characteristics +d character's social or contemporary significance.
7. First person: A kind and natural +b free and direct +c real and vivid.
8. The second person said: A is lyrical, touching and kind +b is convenient for emotional communication +c is full of momentum and clear attitude +d is free and flexible.
9. The third person: A directly shows the colorful life+,B is not limited by time and space, flexible and free +c appears objective and calm.
10. Portrait description: vivid and formal, which better shows the appearance and inner world of the characters.
1 1. Action description: to show the character's personality and inner world.
12. Language description: words must be done, showing the character characteristics of the characters.
13. psychological description: a reveals the inner world of the characters +b enriches the image.
14. Sketch: simple and accurate.
15. Fine brushwork description: meticulously carved, completely presented, concrete and vivid.
16. Description of details: A is true and fine +b is vivid and vivid.
17. Interpolation: a enrich the content +b deepen the theme +c make the incident tortuous +d make the plot more complete and the structure more rigorous +e make necessary preparations and supplementary explanations for the main plot or central time.
18. flashback: a set suspense to increase interest +b read ups and downs.
19. Direct lyric: incisively and vividly
20. Indirect lyricism: A is implicit, implicit but not revealing +b has a long charm (without a word, it is romantic)
2 1. Opening paragraph: A puts forward the topic, leads to the following +b to point out the main idea, controls the following +c to set suspense, attracts readers +d to gain motivation (foreshadowing, caring and contrast), lays the emotional tone +e to point out the clues of ideological and emotional changes +f to make the article concise and not loose, and analyze it in detail+
22. Transition: A plays the role of connecting the preceding with the following (sometimes only the following part is opened) +b leads to discussion, reveals the main idea +c plays the role of foil +d renders and sets off the atmosphere +e makes the article concise, not loose and not fragmentary.
23. The last paragraph: A takes care of the theme, echoes the beginning +b, closes the full text, points out the main idea, deepens the center, and makes Zhang Xianzhi +c sublimate his feelings, which is intriguing and enlightening.
24. Clue: interlocking and compact.
25. Care: A constitutes an emotional clue that runs through the whole article, making the article compact and B echoing the title.
26. For example: A is concrete and easy to accept +b enhances persuasiveness and appeal +c enriches the content of the article +d shows xx's point of view.
27. The role of multiple comparisons: A through multiple comparisons, deepening at different levels +b enriching the theme content +c concentrating the content.
28. Side contrast: A gives people a sense of existence +b sets off the xx characteristics of xx from the side.
29. Citation: A is literary +b enriches the connotation of the article +c arouses readers' interest +d shows xx's point of view.
30. Miscellaneous between long and short sentences: It is easy to read.
3 1. Overlap: A emphasizes that xx+b is catchy and beautiful in music.
32. Comments in narrative: Make the finishing point and reveal the purpose and significance of narrative.
33. Description and literary style in the explanatory text: stippling works make them vivid.
34. Character dialogue description: A portrays characters and reflects their psychological activities +b promotes the story development.
35. Cite legends and stories: a enhance the legend and mystery of the article +b enrich the content of the article +c arouse readers' interest +d implicitly introduce and show xx's point of view.
36. Quote poetry: A enhance the poetry of the article and make it have the beauty of artistic conception; B. enrich the content of the article; C. arouse readers' interest; D implicitly introduces and shows xx's point of view.
37. Quote famous sayings: A enhances persuasiveness +b enriches the content of the article +c arouses readers' interest +d shows xx's point of view.
38. Description methods include: A front and side, B meticulous painting, and line drawing, C multi-angle description, D dynamic and static combination, E point and surface combination, F emotional scene, and scene blending, G some rhetoric and expression techniques.
The memory formula is: the front of the work is white and multifaceted, and the dynamic and static scenes are restored.
(6) The function of rhetoric.
1. Metaphor: turn plain into vivid, abstract into concrete, abstruse into simple, lengthy into concise.
2. Metonymy: A evokes association +b is prominent, distinctive and vivid +c is more appropriate, implicit and unique in expression.
3. Metaphor: A language is vivid and rich in meaning; B language is vivid, colorful and profound; C language is emotional and arouses * * *.
4. Exaggeration: A highlights the essence and characteristics, evokes association +b sets off the atmosphere, the language is vivid and vivid, and the appeal is enhanced +c has strong feelings, causing * * *.
5. Duality: A is easy to recite, easy to remember +b is concise, lyrical +c is in strong contrast, and the praise and criticism are clear.
6. parallelism: a sentence pattern is neat, rhythm is symmetrical +b article runs through, language is powerful +c pays attention to content, aggravates feelings +d analysis, reasoning is rigorous and thorough, and lyrics are hearty.
7. Question: A reminds people to pay attention, causes thinking +b highlights the content, changes the waves +c as a bridge between the preceding and the following +d enhances persuasiveness and expressive effect.
8. rhetorical question: a emphasizes tone, content +b enhances expression effect, and expresses strong feelings +c causes thinking and echo.
9. Repetition: A is lyrical and infectious +b is a link between the preceding and the following, with distinct layers +c is repeatedly emphasized, which is impressive.
10. Start: A renders the atmosphere, sets the emotional tone +b takes the whole poem, leads to the story +c stimulates the reader's imagination +d turns reality into fiction, and the image is vivid.
1 1. Pun: One word here represents another word, which makes the expression more subtle and interesting.
(7) the role of expression skills
1. Common expressions are: metaphor, contrast, symbol, allusions, contrast, and the combination of reality and reality (the memory formula is: comparing reality with objects).
2. Symbol: One word here represents another word, which is rich in connotation and +b is philosophical and enlightening.
3. foil: highlight the characteristics of things
4. Restrain first and then promote: highlight the characteristics of things in change and contrast.
5. Lyricism through scenery: A endows objective scenery with strong subjective color +b creates atmosphere +c euphemistically and implicitly expresses xx's thoughts and feelings.
6. Emotion in the scenery: A gives objective scenery a strong subjective color +b creates an atmosphere, creates an artistic conception +c expresses xx thoughts and feelings +d contains without revealing, and has a long charm, which makes people imagine in an infinite realm.
7. Irony: Highlighting and Deepening the Theme
8. Express your will by supporting things: A is suggestive and vague, which means that +b has left rich imagination space for readers.
9. Combination of reality and falsehood: A and reality are interrelated, infiltrated and transformed, which can achieve the realm of combination of reality and falsehood; B enriches the images in the poem, opens up the artistic conception in the poem, and leaves rich imagination space for readers.
10. Cultural allusions: A endows the language of the article with elegance; B endow the article with bedding and imitation objects to enhance the contrast between ancient and modern times; C enriches the connotation of the article.
1 1. Image combination: A maximizes the density and intensity of poetry images +b makes the images in poetry stand out +c provides readers with a broad world of association and imagination and a space for chewing aftertaste.
(8) Structural layout characteristics
Concern, layer by layer, contrast, contrast, suspense, foreshadowing
Memory formula: layer by layer contrast hanging
(9) Accumulation-Poetry
1. Duality: A shows the symmetrical beauty of language +b realizes the perfect combination of artistic conception beauty and rhythmic beauty.
2. Top truth: It has the beauty of ups and downs.
3. Onomatopoeia: A makes poetry more vivid +b makes people feel immersive.
4. Words to express color: a to express mood +b to increase color sense and picture sense of description +c to render atmosphere.
5. The types of language features are: fresh and elegant, simple and natural, bright and simple, flowery in rhetoric, euphemistic and implicit, concise and refined, gloomy and frustrated, majestic, multi-purpose spoken language, and comprehensible as words.
Memory formula: clear resignation, simple and clear.
6. Scenery description angle: A space change (distance), time change B movement C vision, hearing, smell D virtual reality E front, side F color, shape, sound
The memory formula is: space-time movement, audio-visual, smell, and positive color, sound and shape.
Expanding reading: a method of Chinese learning in senior high school
First, attach importance to teaching materials, preview in place
The textbook we are about to use embodies certain teaching objectives and has a certain guiding role in the college entrance examination. Although it is not equal to all problems, it is a model and a window. It is the key to learn the law of knowledge through this window, but it is difficult to improve the aesthetic taste through a large number of pure and beautiful literary works. This really requires students to pay attention to it ideologically and ponder it in practice.
Second, fine accumulation, speaking like a book.
From the first year of high school, I have achieved * * * knowledge. There are only two words in the learning method of liberal arts-accumulation. Chinese knowledge is extensive, and it is difficult to make a big breakthrough in a short time. It is impossible to extract and accumulate blindly, so we must be careful, repeat and remember.
Third, use your brain and hands to complement each other.
Think hard and practice more. Easy to think and willing to express. The new textbooks we use basically have two characteristics: first, the editing concept selected as textbooks is relatively advanced, moral preaching is relatively reduced, and humanistic factors are relatively increased; Second, in addition to textbooks, there are also books, which are read a lot. It can be seen that the extension of Chinese learning equals the extension of life. Students should have their own way of thinking, pay attention to events with a strong sense of the times in their daily life, extensively dabble in famous works, maximize listening, speaking, reading and writing, and truly realize the orientation of emphasizing foundation, ability and application in Chinese subject.