Shu Huyin's wall
Wang Anshi
The eaves are long and swept clean without moss,
The flowers and trees are planted by hand.
A river of water protects the fields and surrounds them with green.
Two mountains are lined with gates and bring in green.
[Notes]
1. Mr. Huyin: refers to Yang Defeng, a neighbor of the author when he lived in Jiangning (now Nanjing, Jiangsu) during the Yuanfeng period (1078-1086) Friends. There are two songs in this question, the first one is selected here.
2. Protect the garden: protect the garden. According to the "Book of Han: Preface to the Biography of the Western Regions", during the Han Dynasty, farms were established in the Western Regions and envoys and captains were sent to protect them. Will: carry. Green: refers to the color of water.
3. Exit the door: open the door. 闼: The small gate in the palace. According to the "Book of Han·Biography of Fan Kuai", Liu Bang, the emperor of the Han Dynasty, was ill and in confinement. He ordered that the ministers were not allowed to enter, but Fan Kuai walked straight in and broke into Liu Bang's bedroom.
[Translation]
The courtyard of the thatched house is often cleaned, and it is so clean that there is no trace of moss. There are rows of flowers, plants and trees all over the border, all planted by the owner himself. A small river outside the courtyard protects the farmland and surrounds the green fields. Two green mountains open the door and bring in the green mountain scenery.
[Explanation]
This poem was inscribed on the wall of Mr. Huming’s house. The first two sentences describe the environment of his home, which is clean and quiet, implying the elegance of the owner's life. The last two sentences go outside the courtyard and describe the mountains and rivers' deep affection for Mr. Huyin. They secretly use the two allusions of "protecting the field" and "pavilion" to turn the mountains and rivers into images with life and feelings. The mountains and rivers take the initiative to get close to people, which is the expression of The nobility of man. Although there are no direct descriptions of people in the poem, the description of landscapes is the description of people. The scenery and the people are taken care of everywhere, and the sentences are connected and melted without leaving a trace. The poet's use of allusions is very subtle. Readers who do not know the content of the allusions do not hinder their understanding of the main idea of ??the poem. However, the profound meaning and interest of the poems need to be understood in order to understand the source of the allusions more deeply.