Chen Ziang (AD 66 1 ~ AD 702) was a writer in the Tang Dynasty and one of the innovative figures in poetry and prose in the early Tang Dynasty. Apollo was born in Zizhou (present-day Sichuan). As a former right gleaner, he was later called Chen gleaner. His poems are magnificent, profound and powerful, and The Collection of Chen Boyu has been handed down from generation to generation. When Chen Ziang was a teenager, his family was rich and generous to Ren Xia. As an adult, I began to study hard, read widely and be good at writing. At the same time, he cares about state affairs and demands political achievements. 24 years old, a scholar, promoted to the right, dare to speak. When Wu Zetian was in power, she was clean and cruel, killing innocent people. He is not afraid of persecution and has written many times to advise him. Wu Zetian plans to dig Shu Mountain and attack Qiang people through Yazhou Road. He also wrote against it and advocated sharing interest with the people. His remarks are relatively straightforward, often not adopted, and he was once jailed because of the involvement of "anti-Party" in framing Wu Zetian. In 686, he went to Juyanhai and Zhangye River in the northwest with the army of Zuobuqiao Zhi Zhi. Long live the first year (696), Li, a Khitan loyal to Sun Wanrong, defected and went to Jian 'an with the army. Joining the army twice made him have a deeper understanding of the frontier situation and the lives of local people. In the first year of the solar calendar (698), my father died shortly after being dismissed. During the mourning period, Wu Sansi, the powerful minister, ordered a public prosecution against Duan Jian in Shehong County. Wrongful death in prison (Shen Yazhi's Book of Zheng Shizhen in Jiujiang). Poetry in the early Tang Dynasty followed the habits of the Six Dynasties and was elegant and exquisite in style. Chen Ziang stepped forward to try to reverse this trend. Chen Ziang's poems, with their progressive and substantial ideological content and simple and vigorous language style, have exerted great influence on the whole Tang poetry. After Chen Ziang's death, his friend Lu Zangyong compiled the 10 volume for him. The Collected Works of Chen Boyu was edited by later generations. This book contains 10 volumes of the Collected Works of Chen Boyu edited by Yang Cheng during the reign of Hongzhi in Ming Dynasty, and is accompanied by the New Tang Book and other related materials. Copy the four series here. Universal Library has made many revisions according to the Ming and Qing editions. Today, Xu Peng collated The Collection of Chen Ziang, which is based on four series, the whole Tang Poetry, the whole Tang Literature, Wenyuan Huaying and other books, adding more than 10 poems, making it a relatively complete book, and attaching Luo Yong's Chronicle of Chen Ziang today. Today, Peng Qingsheng has notes on Chen Ziang's poems. Attached is his Chronicle of Chen Ziang and the comments of various schools. Cen is the author of Chen Ziang's Deeds and Collected Works (attached with the first and second issues, volume 14).
background
In 696 AD, an autumn in the Tang Dynasty was the time when China's first female emperor, Wu Zetian, was in power. Since she came to power, she has made great efforts to appoint talents. This year, she sent her nephew Wu Youyi on an expedition to Qidan, and Chen Ziang, the right scavenger at that time, also went out with the army.
Who's Chen Ziang? He was a famous poet then. When I was young, I was "chivalrous, and I was still unknown at the age of seventeen or eighteen." Later, he studied hard, succeeded and made up his mind. But when he first came to Chang 'an, he was not taken seriously and few people read his poems. One day, he went to the street to play and found a piano seller selling there, asking for one million yuan. Many people watched it there, but no one bought it. Because I didn't know whether the piano was good or not, I went up and bought it for 1 million. The onlookers were amazed, but he said unhurriedly, "Since everyone doesn't know whether this piano is good or not, Xiao Sheng plays the Xiaoqin well. Come to me in three days." Hearing this, the onlookers all agreed.
Three days later, Chen Ziang's apartment was full of guests. Chen Ziang took out his piano, but it was broken in front of everyone. In everyone's surprised eyes, he said loudly, "A violinist can't be elegant." In today's world, poetry is the foundation of establishing people and making contributions. There are also some poems and essays, please enjoy them. "People took the appreciation of poetry and felt fresh and elegant, so they sang praises for him, and his reputation spread.
Later, he was admitted to Jinshi, got Lin Taizheng, and was later appointed as the right editor. This time he went on an expedition with the army to show his political talent. Can he get it this time?
At the beginning of the war, Wu Youyi made Wang Xiaojie and Ren Xianfeng meet the enemy with a large number of his own troops, but the result was that the Khitans lured the enemy deeper and were wiped out. Seeing the critical situation, Chen Ziang found Wu Youyi and wanted to discuss an important matter with him.
In the military tent, Wu Youyi is sitting in danger. He is small and arrogant. He looked at Chen Ziang slowly and said, "I don't know what you want with me." "Dear marshal, the vanguard was completely annihilated. At this critical moment, Ziang asked the Marshal to give me some troops. Zi Ang is willing to kill the enemy for his country and swear to break the Khitan, otherwise he will never return it. " "Oh, it's the way it is. I'm sorry I can't promise. " "Why?" "Mr. Wang is a literati, and the troops are not directed by Mr. Wang. This is sincere. " "Marshal don't know son Leon is a scholar now, but very chivalrous when he was young. He read Sun Tzu's Art of War and broke thousands of books, but he only hated being unpractical; If it can be practical, it will definitely contribute to the country. " "Ha ha, after hearing what you said, it seems that you are Sun Wu and Wu Qifu; Now, I am a marshal, and I have no plans. You little literati, what's your skill? Don't you dare talk big. Don't be wordy. Get out of here. Otherwise, hum. " "Marshal, Marshal, please listen to me." "Come on, come out with me." Several bruisers came and pushed Chen Ziang out.
Later, Chen Ziang made several requests to Wu Youyi, but they were all rejected. Later, Wu Youyi was demoted.
In the autumn of this year, Chen Ziang boarded the Youzhou ancient platform, and looked around, the earth was boundless. He thought of the past and saw the present. He wanted to establish his own achievements, but he could never serve the country. His feelings came to life. He couldn't help singing a poem, "Unlike the ancients, but behind me, where are the descendants?" "I think of heaven and earth, there is no limit, there is no end, I am alone, tears fell down. "And this sentence has become a famous sentence through the ages.
Later, Chen Ziang resigned and returned to his hometown. Because this poem alludes to Wu Youyi, it is not allowed by Wu people. Soon framed by county magistrate Duan Jian, he died in prison at the age of 42.
Although you have great ambitions, you can't get paid. Sad, son Anggong.
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In 696 AD, the Qidan captured Yingzhou, and Chen Ziang was ordered to go to war. The general who leads the troops is a straw bag, and he has lost several battles in succession. Chen Ziang made many suggestions, but they were not adopted. Seeing that the good policy of serving the country cannot be realized. One day, he boarded Youzhou Taiwan and remembered Yan Zhaowang, who was widely recruited during the Warring States Period. He was so angry that he wrote this song "On Youzhou Tower". The poet felt that life was short and the universe was infinite, and shed tears unconsciously. This is a cry that poets can't show if they serve the country and the people. Under close reading, the tragic and desolate spirit arises spontaneously, and the uneven syntax and cadence syllables add artistic appeal.
This article is also excellent in artistic expression. The last two sentences are long in writing; The third sentence is to climb the building and overlook, and the writing space is vast. In a broad background, the fourth sentence describes the poet's feelings of loneliness, loneliness, sadness and depression, which reflect each other and are particularly touching. Reading this poem, we will deeply feel a desolate and tragic atmosphere. It's as if a vast and broad picture of the Northern Yuan wild appeared in front of us, and in front of this picture stands the image of a poet. He is ambitious, but he feels lonely and sad because he is unable to serve his country, so he is deeply excited.
In terms of diction, this poem is deeply influenced by Songs of the South, especially Farewell. "Travel" has a cloud: "Only the infinity of heaven and earth is sad for the long diligence of life. I can't smell the past. " This sentence has emerged since then, but the artistic conception is endless.