In autumn in Ren Xu, on July 16th, Su Shi and his friends went boating in Chibi. The breeze blows gently, but the waves are quiet. Raise a glass to propose a toast to your partner, recite articles related to the bright moon and praise this chapter. In a short time, the bright moon rises from the back of Dongshan Mountain and hovers between Dousu and Niusu. White fog crosses the river, and clear water connects the sky.
Let the boat float on the boundless river and cross it. Vast (my feelings), vast (my feelings), just like riding the wind out of thin air, but I don't know where to stop, floating like a mortal, detached from independence, and becoming an immortal into a fairyland. At this time, I drank happily and hit the ship's rail with my hand.
The song sings: "Guimu boat, vanilla paddle, facing the empty waves, far away from the heart, want Iraqis in the end of the world." There are guests who can play the flute, and the flute is accompanied by songs in rhythm. The flute makes a "whoop" sound, like sadness, like missing, like crying, and like talking. The ending is sad, tactfully and long, like a continuous filament.
Can make the dragon in the deep valley dance for it, can make the widow in the lonely boat cry. Su Shi looked sad, so he adjusted his clothes and sat up and asked the guest, "Why is the flute so sad?" The guest replied: "The moon stars are rare, and birds fly south. Isn't this a poem by Cao Gong and Meng De? " You can see the gorge in the west.
To the east, you can see Wuchang, where mountains and rivers are contiguous, full of green. Isn't this the place where Cao Mengde was besieged by Zhou Yu? At the beginning, Jingzhou was captured, Jiangling was captured, and it went down the Yangtze River. His warships stretched for thousands of miles, covered the sky with flags, drank by the river and recited poems with spears. He is indeed a lean man of the present age, but where is he today?
What's more, you and I are fishing and chopping wood on the water island by the river, keeping company with fish and shrimp and being friends with elk. (We) drove the boat and raised cups to toast each other. (We) are in a world as vast as a mayfly and as small as a millet in the sea. Sigh that our life is only a short moment, and envy the endless Yangtze River.
(I want to) travel around the world hand in hand with the gods, embrace the bright moon and live forever. I know that these things can't be obtained again and again. I just trust them in the sad autumn wind. "I asked," do you know the water and the moon? Just like this river, it has not really passed away; The round time is like this month, but it doesn't increase or decrease in the end.
It can be seen that from the changeable side of things, there is no moment between heaven and earth; From the unchangeable side of things, everything is as endless as one's own life. What is there to envy? Besides, between heaven and earth, everything belongs to it, and if it is not what it should be, it won't even get a penny.
Only when the breeze on the river and the bright moon in the mountains reach your ears can you hear the sound and draw all kinds of colors when you enter your eyes. No one will forbid you to get these things, and you never have to do your best to enjoy them. This is an inexhaustible treasure of the creator, and you and I can share it together. The guest smiled happily, cleaned the glass and filled it with wine.
All the vegetables and fruits have been eaten, except the cups and plates on the table. (Perilla and her companions) are sleeping on each other's pillows on the boat, and before you know it, the sky has turned white.
Second, the original text
In autumn, on July 16th and 16th, Su Shi and his friends went boating in Chibi. The breeze blows gently and the water can't reach the surface. Raise a glass to propose a toast to one's companions, recite articles related to the moon, and sing praises to chapters. Not long after, the moon rose from Dongshan and hovered between the Big Dipper and the cow. Milky white fog across the river, clear water. Let the boat float on the boundless river and cross the boundless river. Vast as the wind in Feng Xu, I don't know where it ends; Floating like an independent world, feathering into a fairy.
At this time, he was very happy to drink, slapping the ship's rail with his hand and singing. The song says: "Gui Gui is like a blue paddle, striking the sky and tracing the streamer. I am pregnant, and I hope that beauty is on one side. " Guests have oral sex and rely on songs to make peace. Its voice is full of resentment, longing, crying and complaining, and the lingering sound is endless. It can make the dragon dance in the deep valley and make the widow in the lonely boat cry.
Perilla was very sad and sat in danger and asked the guest, "What is it?" The guest said, "The moon stars are rare, and blackbirds fly south. Isn't this a poem by Cao Mengde? Looking at Xiakou in the west and Wuchang in the east, the mountains and rivers are misty and gloomy. Isn't this because Meng Zhizhi was trapped in Zhou Lang? Fang Qi broke Jingzhou and went down to Jiangling, downstream to the east. He was thousands of miles long, wearing a flag, drinking wine and singing poems across the river, and became a hero in the world. Now, where is he?
My son and I are fishing on the river, making friends with fish, shrimp and elk, keeping a boat and keeping bottles for each other. It's a drop in the ocean to send a mayfly into the earth. Mourn a moment in my life and admire the infinity of the Yangtze River. Fly with the flying fairy, hold the bright moon, and grow up. I couldn't understand it at the moment, but I heard about it in Hengtai. "
Perilla said, "Do you know my husband's water and the moon? The deceased is like this, but he has never been there; If you are full of emptiness, the dead will not ebb and flow. Beggars will see from their own changes that heaven and earth can't be in an instant.
If you look at it from its unchangeable point of view, then things are infinite to me, so why envy them! Besides, between heaven and earth, everything has its own owner, not mine, so I will take it for nothing.
However, the river wind and the bright moon in the mountains are beautiful and endless when they meet, which is the endless hiding place of the creator and the suitable place for me and my son. "The guest smiled and washed more vigorously. All the vegetables and fruits have been eaten, leaving only the cups on the table in a mess. Sleeping on the boat, hugging each other, I know the horizon has turned white.
Third, the source
Su Shi's Complete Works of Su Dongpo in Northern Song Dynasty
I. Background
The Red Wall Fu was written during Su Shi's relegation to Huangzhou, which was one of the most difficult periods in his life. In the second year of Yuanfeng (1079), Su Shi was accused of defaming the imperial court for writing a poem "Xie Shangbiao in Huzhou", impeached by Yushi and accused of defaming the imperial court. History is called "Wutai Poetry Case".
"After several reconstructions", he was tortured. After being rescued by many parties, he was released in1February of that year and was demoted to deputy ambassador of Huangzhou Youth League Training, but "no official contract, no unauthorized placement." This is undoubtedly a "semi-prisoner" controlled life.
In the fifth year of Yuanfeng, Su Shi visited Chibi twice in July 16 and 10/5, and wrote two poems about Chibi. Later generations called the first poem "Red Cliff Fu" and the second poem "Back Red Cliff Fu".
Second, the characteristics of the article
1, the fusion of "emotion, scenery and reason". Whether lyrical or argumentative, the full text never leaves the scenery on the river and the story of Chibi, forming a fusion of emotion, scenery and reason. From beginning to end, the scenery runs through, with romantic scenery as the main factor, supplemented by mountains and rivers. The author describes and discusses the wind and the moon. The article is divided into three layers to express the author's complex and contradictory inner world.
2. The genre form of "Fu as a text". This paper not only retains the characteristics and charm of traditional poetry, but also absorbs the style and techniques of prose, breaking the shackles of the duality of sentence pattern and rhythm, and is more composed of prose, so that the article has both the profound charm of poetry and the penetrating power of prose.
3. The image is coherent and the structure is rigorous. The coherence of scenery not only makes the whole article look like a whole in structure, but also communicates the emotional context and ups and downs of the whole article. Writing the scenery at the beginning is the emergence of the author's broad-minded optimism; "Singing while grabbing the boat" is born out of the scenery of "emptiness" and "streamer", which is a transition from "happiness" to "sadness".
Guests worry about the wind and moon, and their mood turns into depression and negativity; Finally, the discussion on the variation of all things and the philosophy of life is drawn from The Bright Moon and the Breeze, so as to dispel the sadness in my heart.
The repeated interpenetration of the scenery does not give people the feeling of repetition and procrastination at all. Instead, it shows the ups and downs of the characters, reproduces the changing process of the author's ambivalence, and finally achieves the unity of poetry and discussion.
Three. Brief introduction of the author
Su Shi (1037 65438+10.8-1August 24), also known as He Zhong, Tieguan Taoist, Dongpo layman, Su Dongpo, Su Xian, Han nationality, Meishan, Meizhou (now Sichuan)
In the second year of Jiayou (1057), Su Shi was a scholar. Song Shenzong worked in Fengxiang, Hangzhou, Mizhou, Xuzhou and Huzhou. In the third year of Yuanfeng (1080), he was demoted to be the permanent assistant ambassador of Huangzhou because of Wutai poetry case.
After Song Zhezong acceded to the throne, he was known in Hangzhou, Yingzhou, Yangzhou, Dingzhou and other places. In his later years, he was exiled to Huizhou and Danzhou because of the ruling of the New Party. Song Huizong was granted amnesty and returned to the north, where he died. Song Gaozong posthumously awarded a surname, posthumous title "article".
Su Shi was a literary leader in the mid-Northern Song Dynasty, and made great achievements in poetry, ci, writing, calligraphy and painting. His writing is arbitrary; His poems are broad in subject matter, fresh and healthy, good at exaggeration and metaphor, and unique in style. He is also called "Su Huang" with Huang Tingjian. His words are bold and unconstrained, and they are both bold and unconstrained representatives with Xin Qiji, and they are also called "Su Xin".
His prose creation is rich and unrestrained, and he is also called "Ou Su" with Ouyang Xiu, and he is one of the "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties". Su Shi is also good at books and is one of the "Song Sijia"; He is good at literati painting, especially ink bamboo, strange stones and dead wood. There are seven episodes of Dongpo, Dongpo Yi Zhuan, Dongpo Yuefu, Xiaoxiang Bamboo Stone Atlas, and ancient and strange stone atlas handed down from ancient times.
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