First, the teaching purpose
1. Analyze the poet's feelings by knowing others and discussing the world against his will.
2. Improve students' poetry appreciation ability by analyzing artistic techniques.
Second, the teaching emphasis and difficulty:
1. Focus: Learn the patriotic spirit of Lu You.
2. The application of painting and contrast techniques.
Third, the teaching steps:
teaching process
First, import
? If you live high in the temple, you will worry about the people, and if you live far in the rivers and lakes, you will worry about the king. This is the feeling of every patriot, and almost every poem of his is full of strong patriotic passion. Let's study his book "Book Wrath".
Second, the author introduces.
Lu you, word view, number interpretation Weng. Yin Shan, a native of Yuezhou, was a famous patriotic poet in the Southern Song Dynasty. There are more than 9,000 songs, which are rich in content and mainly show patriotic enthusiasm for restoring national unity. He is the author of "Poems by Jian Nan" and "Selected Works of Weinan". His main poems include Traveling to Shanxi Village, Raining at Jianmen Road, Writing Grief and Anger, Early Spring Rain in Lin 'an, Feeling of Going Out of the Hedgehog at Dawn in Autumn Night to Meet the Cold (Part Two), Storm on November 4th, Two Poems in Shenyuan, Xiuer and so on.
Three. Background introduction:
Lu You lived in the era when the nomads from the Golden Army invaded and the Central Plains fell. At that time, the Southern Song authorities were partial to the south of the Yangtze River and did not think about the Northern Expedition. Lu You advocated resisting gold and violated the interests of the capitulators, so he was repeatedly hit, rejected and dismissed from office.
This famous melody was written in the 13th year of Song Xiaozong (1 186). At this time, Lu You was 6 1 year old and lived in Yinshan for 6 years. Sweep Chen Hu? National disaster? His ambition is about to go up in smoke. In grief and disappointment, he wrote this poem, expressing his anger that he was unable to serve his country, his ambition was hard to pay, and he wasted his life. Book: writing; Anger: sadness and indignation. This poem is an artistic summary of Lu You's emotional experience all his life.
This poem was written in the spring of the 13th year of Xiaozong Xichun (1 186), and Lu You retired to Yin Shan's home. He was a 62-year-old man. Starting from the seventh year of Xichun, he was dismissed from office for six years, living in seclusion in his hometown with no title. Until this poem was written, it was put into use to serve doctors in North Korea and know Yanzhou Zhou Jun. Therefore, the content of the poem has the dual feelings of remembering the past and vowing to serve the country again.
Fourth, poetry appreciation.
1. Teachers demonstrate reading and students are free to read and recite.
2. The teacher asked: What are the outstanding features of Lu You's poems? How gorgeous is it? Talk about conquest? . Which two sentences in this poem best reflect this feature? Write it down and try to analyze it.
Student a:? It snows in the night, and the iron horse is in the autumn wind. It can best reflect this feature. These two sentences vividly summed up two successful battles 25 years ago: Guazhoudu repelled the invasion of the nomads from the Golden Army and the Great Three Pass was recovered. It is intended to show the great strength of the people in the Southern Song Dynasty in defending their homeland, and it also embodies the poet's ambition to recover lost land. It is conceivable that he has a strong desire to join the battle to recover lost territory.
The teacher asked: This couplet is both a narrative and a scenery. Can you tell its scenic features? Can you name another poem that uses this technique?
Student A: The straight line drawing, with only six nouns, outlines two magnificent war scenes, which embodies the poet's ambition to recover. Ex.: An old tree with withered vines cries faintly, and a small bridge flows people. The wind is fast and high, the ape cries sadly, and the birds are circling in the white sand.
3. The teacher asked: How to understand? Book rage? What? Angry? What feelings does it contain?
A: I am filled with indignation. The poet in the first couplet was excited by the nomads from the south in his early years and determined to recover lost ground. The transfer goes back to two victories over Kim 25 years ago. There are lofty aspirations and national justice in anger.
A: Grief and indignation. Neck chain? On the Great Wall, I promised myself that the sideburns in the mirror had faded. Due to the mistakes of the capitulationists, the country is still in great trouble, and the poet is old despite his unfinished ambitions. The lyrics of this couplet are painful and sentimental.
A: I have expectations in my grief. Tail joint? Who can compare with a teacher for a thousand years? In fact, it is the poet who regards Zhuge Liang as his own situation. Zhuge Liang once said in the "model"? Do your best to die? Determine the Northern Central Plains and Revive the Han Dynasty? In other words, the poet encouraged himself to show that he would never give up his ambition to restore the Central Plains until his death. It can be seen that although the tone of the book of wrath is grief and indignation caused by unpaid ambitions, it is not desperate, and it also contains heroic feelings.
4. Teacher asked: In order to express the poet's grief and indignation, contrast is used in many places in the poem. Try to analyze it?
Clarity: This poem is successful and expressive in the use of contrast techniques, such as the feats of the past years and the decline of today. Stuck on the Great Wall? Ideal and? How difficult is the world? Reality, Zhuge Liang's initiative and the stealing of the rulers of the Southern Song Dynasty.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) abstract
Heroes who devote themselves to serving the country are hard to be rewarded, and the poet's personal experience is also the epitome of the country's destiny. The theme of patriotism has a long history in China's ancient poems. Whenever the country is in danger, it always shines in the poetry circle. Lu You inherited this tradition and raised it to an unprecedented height. The theme of patriotism not only runs through his 60-year creative process, but also melts into his life and becomes the soul of the essence of Lu's poetry. Liang Qichao said in the late Qing Dynasty. The poetic world has been decadent for thousands of years, and the soldiers' souls have been exhausted in Soul Moving China. Concentrate on nineteen military music and let ancient humans shine! ?
Eight, homework
1. recite poems.
2. Collect the materials of ancient and modern poets who care about the country and the people, and write a review article.
Reflections on the Teaching of Lu You's Book Anger
Chinese classical poetry has made great achievements in thought and art, and those works that express the author's personality charm, noble sentiment, wisdom and rationality have profound ideological enlightenment and moral edification for students; Those wonderful poems with harmonious scenes and beautiful artistic conception have a subtle emotional influence on cultivating students' healthy aesthetic taste and improving their cultural and artistic accomplishment.
In the usual teaching of ancient poetry, I pay more attention to focusing on one and extending the others. There are many poems with similar or even opposite themes in classical poetry, which can be used for reference to deepen understanding. Some experts say that students can understand all the knowledge in Chinese textbooks, so you should teach students more things they don't know, and that's all? Sticky? On-site students. And a teacher's rich knowledge and accumulation in classical poetry undoubtedly has a good driving effect on students and is a silent demonstration. In the whole process of Chinese learning, reading classical poems can help students acquire a sense of language and form a keen and accurate perception and understanding of language and writing. In addition, summarizing the methods of poetry appreciation in time and striking while the iron is hot can also enable students to master certain skills, so as to get the effect of drawing inferences from others. But all this is based on as much accumulation as possible. If there is no certain accumulation of poetry, the methods and skills can only be castles in the air.
As the old saying goes, living with good people is like entering Lan Zhi's room, which will last for a long time. Teacher Ning and I have been in the same preparation group for five years. Although there is no progress so far, the enthusiasm for learning is increasing day by day. I have listened to many of Mr. Ning's classes, and I am deeply moved and deeply ashamed to listen to them every time. This feeling was born in a cycle. I tried several times to write down my feelings, but failed, because I was lazy. Today, I want to express my feelings, and I want to encourage you with your prejudice.
After-class evaluation activities, the teachers at the meeting felt that the biggest highlight of Mr. Ning's class was: majestic, calm and profound cultural heritage.
There are 56 words in Lu You's Book Wrath, but the coach has handled this small word richly and elegantly. That is, she can closely follow the text, know the origin, know people and discuss the world. From the author to Yue Fei, from Yue Fei to Jiaxuan laity, it was unified into the resentment of the patriotic people who resisted Jin in the Southern Song Dynasty, and then Kong Ming and Wen Tianxiang were released at one go? Please, no way? ,? Ambition is hard to pay? Pathetic, gushing out? Beiding Zhongyuan? ,? Recover lost ground? Full of passion Students' understanding of the bold and unconstrained ci style is in one step and unforgettable. At the moment when the situation is connected, Song Ci will cross the threshold of the Millennium and come at a gallop, ringing the strings in the hearts of students. In the analysis and evaluation, teachers and students should be intimate and tacit. The teacher's touch of water, the students' group and poetry are all together, which can be described as a perfect combination. Just like the lyrics say? Looking at the central plains in the north like a mountain? what's up Gas? , in the end? Angry as a mountain? , or? Heroes are like mountains? The teacher first let the students speak freely, asking them to find evidence and justify themselves, so that the students can express their opinions. After that, the teacher recovered his eyesight, focused on the context, changed from rich to elegant, from strict to sparse, so he pushed it gently along the water and reached the other side.
Water tastes tasteless and swings into ripples; There is no fire in the stone, but it strikes and shines.
In the ci, the author fights against the world with a pen, calls for heaven with words, serves the country with anger, and cares for the people with sorrow. Angry? There are four contents, but what is its root? Author's? Worried and angry? What are the complicated feelings (? Angry? Han zhong? Hate it? , including? Sad? ; Because? Angry? Healthy? Is it cool? , healthy? Sigh? ), the teacher step by step, layer by layer. Looking back, the teacher's exclamations and judgments, although not the main body, can light a bonfire. Seemingly careless, but actually clever. All this requires a teacher's solid professional skills, good knowledge structure, cultivating the external world from the inside, and finally showing a person's efforts and wisdom.
Most popular things are perishable. If you want to have vitality, you must rely on a certain cultural background. Teaching Chinese on the platform of culture, with vivid language and characters, can help students get the nourishment of the excellent culture of the motherland.
In the classroom concerto, the listener, under the guidance of the teacher, strolls in the lyrics of Song Mantian. I feel that Song Ci is a collective and sentimental collection of a weak dynasty in history. By who? How much sadness can you have, like a river flowing eastward? ,? Running water is gone, is it heaven and earth? , to? Things are people, not everything, tears flow first? ,? After reading the red medicine by the bridge, who will you know every year? In this plaintive and even-handed meter, the listener laments the author's weakness, * * * sings the author's love of scouring the sand, and enjoys the farewell of the soul in this miserable age. At this point, the teacher has the final say, and he is still arrogant? Jiang Hai gave him the rest of his life? ,? Thirty fame, dust, eight thousand miles of clouds and the moon? Sigh. The teacher's poetic comments, intonation, quotations and literary and historical allusions are full and gratifying, and the listener has to admire them. I think the rich cultural atmosphere and vigorous humanistic spirit in the classroom should be the reappearance of her extensive reading and serious teaching reflection. In the face of Mr. Hao's tens of thousands of words of teaching experience and life sentiment, I am in front of an ocean of thoughts. That lightness and profundity stems from her constant infiltration of knowledge streams, the bath of sunshine of thoughts and the touch of the morning glow of wisdom.
This kind of teaching needs teachers' pure emotion and creativity, and teachers need to bury themselves in their pursuit, respect and simple occupation.
The Original Text and Translation of Anger
Shufen
Author: Lu You
When I was a child, I knew that the world was unbearable and the Central Plains looked like a mountain.
It snowed all night in the building, and the autumn wind dispersed in the iron horse.
Stuck on the Great Wall and make an empty promise, the sideburns in the mirror have long faded.
Real name first, who is better than one thousand years!
To annotate ...
Book indignation: expressing indignation. Book: write.
Early years: early years, when you are young.
Qi like a mountain: refers to the lofty ambition to recover lost land like a mountain.
It snowed at night, and the iron horse dispersed in the autumn wind: This is a review of the two anti-Victor King campaigns 25 years ago. In the thirty-first year of Shaoxing (1 16 1), the king of winter led his troops south, trying to attack Jiankang (now Nanjing) from Guazhou, which was repelled by Song Jun. In the second year, Song attacked Wulin from the northwest front and recovered the big three passes. A ship under construction, a tall warship. Guazhou, where the Grand Canal in the south of the Han River in Jiangsu Province now enters the Yangtze River, is an important place for the defense of the Yangtze River. An iron horse, a war horse equipped with armor. The third pass in the southwest of Baoji, Shaanxi Province is a military stronghold.
On the Great Wall: Tan Daoji, a famous Southern Song Dynasty star. ? Stuck on the Great Wall? Did Emperor Wen of the Southern Song Dynasty avenge General Tan Daoji, and Tan denounced him before he died? Is it the Great Wall of Wan Li? Allusions. Here, the author uses it for self-comparison, and now it is a metaphor for a general who is guarding the enemy.
Teacher's model: refers to the teacher's model written by Zhuge Liang before he sent troops to attack Wei in March of the fifth year of Jianxing (227).
Shuāi: Lao Mao.
Empty self-confession: futile self-confession
Celebrity: the name will be passed down to future generations.
K: Yes.
Even: means comparable. It is equality, which was originally the order of brothers' seniority and extended to equality. This is the author's praise for Zhuge Liang.
translate
When I was young, I decided to explore the Central Plains in the north. I never thought it would be so difficult.
I often look north at the Central Plains, my blood is boiling, and my grievances are like mountains.
I remember beating up the nomads from Guazhou and releasing warships on a snowy night.
The autumn wind swept Ma Benteng, recovering the good news of the big three passes.
I think I compared myself to the Great Wall of Wan Li, and made a great wish to sweep away the border troubles for the motherland.
Up to now, it is empty talk to expect the recovery of the Northern Expedition.
I can't help thinking of Zhu Gekongming. This model really lives up to its reputation.
Who, like Zhuge Liang, tried his best to lead the three armies into the Han Dynasty and set the northern Central Plains!
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