1. The fifth chapter of Yang Zhenzhong’s junior high school classical Chinese reading aid was forgotten in school
The fifth chapter of Yang Zhenzhong’s junior high school classical Chinese reading aid is "At the end of Ren's reign, he cut thorns into pens": the original text was in the last years of Ren's reign. At fourteen o'clock, I learned from the teacher of impermanence, and he was not far away from the dangers behind his studies.
How can anyone succeed if they don’t learn it? Or under the trees, weave thatch into a nunnery, cut thorns into pens, and carve tree sap into ink. At night, I read under the stars and moon, and in the dark, I burned wormwood to illuminate it.
When I look at the book and find something that I like, I write about its clothes to record its events. The disciples were pleased with his diligent study and even changed his clothes with clean clothes.
Ignore the words of non-saints. The last commandment said: "My wife loves to learn, and even if she dies, she will still be alive; if she is not a scholar, even if she lives, she will be called a walking corpse." : carry a book (jí) : book box every : often or : sometimes 庵 (ān) : thatched hut Jing : a kind of thorny shrub Artemisia : wild grass script : write a title : write down Yue : admire save : survive though : even if Yi: Exchange Resistance: Obstacle Editor: Take Fu: Send Words Translation When Ren Mo in the Eastern Han Dynasty was fourteen years old, he carried a bookcase and went to study with teachers everywhere, and was not afraid of dangers and obstacles on the way. He often said: If people don’t learn, how can they succeed in their careers in the future?
He sometimes built a straw shed under a tree, whittled thorns into pens, and used tree sap as ink. I read under the moonlight at night, and on moonless days I lit dry grass and trees for illumination.
Whenever I have some experience while reading, I write my thoughts on my clothes. Those who studied with him admired his ability to study hard, and they often took turns exchanging clean clothes with him.
He will not read works that are not written by ancient sages. Ren Mo often said: "If a person loves to study all his life, he will still be alive even if he dies; if he doesn't study, he will only be regarded as a zombie even if he is alive." 2. Read online the 63rd ancient essay of Yang Zhenzhong in the new junior high school classical Chinese reading aid Original text and subtitles
Original text:
There is an old nursery in a certain mountain. He lost his spouse long ago and his only daughter is far away from home. The hunter took pity on the orphan and gave him a monkey as a gift. The love of an old man is like that of a child. He will follow him every time he goes out. He will not be chained or tied, and he will never leave or escape. So for five years. One day, the old man died violently. The monkey closed the door and ran to his sister, crying like rain. He said, "Father, is he dead?" He nodded and they all returned. The old man's family is standing on the wall with nothing to bury him. Monkeys are crying all over the countryside, and the villagers are covering up their homes. The elder sister led him away, and the monkey bowed his head and thanked him. He still stayed at the old house and gathered the fruits for himself. Every fifth day, I will cry and offer sacrifices. It seems that I miss my old father who has raised me for five years, and I feel extremely sad. Before the third month, he was lying in a grave. The villagers took pity on him and buried him beside the old man. They put a stone on it and called it "the tomb of the righteous monkey". ----------Selected from "Xinglin Collection"
Notes:
Wei: only with: to give to my wife: to my wife corner: to the corner suitable: to marry an innocent child: to marry a son : to be chained violently : to die suddenly : to die chin : to nod both : all , together disciple : only so : the original pull : to pull, to pull, to pull : to carve to escape : to escape like this : to lead like this : to take the pick : to pick no way to: Of no use 3. Yang Zhenzhong’s Middle School Classical Chinese Reading Assistant 111
111 Dong Xuan became the magistrate of Luoyang.
At that time, the servant of Princess Huyang killed someone during the day. Because he hid in the princess's mansion, the officials could not arrest him. When the princess went out, she asked this servant to accompany her.
Dong Xuan was waiting at Xiamen Pavilion. When he saw the princess's carriage approaching, he stopped the horse and made the carriage stop. He marked the ground with a knife to stop him from leaving, and loudly blamed the princess for her fault. , ordered the servant to get out of the car, and killed him. The princess immediately returned to the palace to complain to Emperor Guangwu.
Emperor Guangwu was very angry and summoned Dong Xuan to beat him to death with a stick. Dong Xuan kowtowed and said: "Please let me say a word before I die!" Emperor Guangwu said: "What do you want to say?" Dong Yi replied: "The emperor is holy and wise, and has restored the Han Dynasty to the world, but he indulges his servants and harms good people. How can I govern the country? I don't need to be beaten with sticks. Please allow me to commit suicide!" Then he hit his head on a pillar and his face was covered with blood.
Emperor Guangwu ordered the young eunuch to hold Dong Xuan and ask him to kowtow to the princess to admit his mistake, but Dong Xuan refused to obey; (the eunuch) used force to make him kowtow, but Dong Xuan pinned him to the ground with both hands. Never bow his head. The princess said to Emperor Guangwu: "When Uncle Wen was a common man, he hid fugitives, and officials did not dare to come in to arrest people.
Now that he is the emperor, can't his prestige still lead to execution by a county magistrate?" Guang Emperor Wu smiled and said: "Being an emperor is different from being a common man!" So he gave Dong Xuan a "strong command" and a reward of 300,000 yuan. Dong Xuan gave it all to the officials. From then on, he attacked powerful people, and all those powerful people were frightened.
He was called "Crouching Tiger" in the capital. 112 Yue Fei served his parents very filially and had no concubines at home. Wu Jie had always admired Yue Fei and wanted to make friends with him. She dressed up the beautiful woman and gave it to him. Yue Fei said: "The emperor is very hardworking. Is this the time for the generals to enjoy themselves?" Yue Fei refused and did not accept it.
Wu Jie admired Yue Fei very much. Someone asked Yue Fei: "When will the country be at peace?" Yue Fei said: "If civil servants do not care about money and military ministers are not afraid of death, the world will be at peace."
Every time Yue Fei's army rested, Yue Fei supervised his soldiers. They came down the hillside, jumped over the ditch, and all wore heavy armor to exercise. There was a soldier who took a piece of hemp rope tied to firewood from the common people and immediately beheaded him in public.
The soldiers rested at night, and the people opened their doors and welcomed them in, but no soldier dared to enter. The army's slogan is "I would rather freeze to death than demolish the people's houses, and would rather starve to death than rob the people of their property."
When a soldier fell ill, Yue Fei personally prepared medicine for him. While the generals were guarding the border, Yue Fei's wife visited their families.
Yue Fei's wife mourned the soldiers who died for the country and raised their orphans. Yue Fei received the rewards and distributed them to his subordinates without infringing on their interests at all. General Yue is good at using a few people to defeat many enemies.
Whenever there is a military activity, the army leaders are summoned to discuss and make an agreement before going to war. Therefore, every time a battle is fought, the opponent can be defeated quickly. If you encounter an enemy suddenly, you will not act rashly.
Therefore, the enemy said that "it is easy to shake the mountains, but it is difficult to defeat the Yue Army." 113. Song Xianggong and the people of Chu fought in Hong.
The Song army had already formed a line, but the Chu army had not yet crossed the river. Sima Ziyu said: "There are many enemies and we are few. Please allow me to attack them when they are not in line."
Song Xianggong said: "No." When they crossed the river and were not in line, In line, Ziyu said what he had just said to Song Xianggong again.
Song Xianggong said: "It's not enough yet." When they lined up and attacked, the Song army was defeated. Song Xianggong was injured in the thigh and his bodyguard was killed.
The people all blamed Song Xianggong. Song Xianggong said: "A man of high moral character will not injure an injured enemy again, nor capture an old man with white hair.
People who fought in ancient times did not rely on dangerous places. Although I am a descendant of those who subjugated my country, I will not Attack the enemy who is not in line."
Ziyu said: "You don't know how to fight. We have a dangerous terrain and the enemy is not in line. It is God who is helping us.
Isn’t it okay to intercept and then attack? The strong people nowadays are all our enemies.
Even if you are very old, What can we feel pity for the white-haired man? Let the soldiers understand that defeat is shameful, and then let them fight to kill the enemy. If you hurt the enemy without killing him, how can you not hurt him again? It is better not to hurt the person who has been harmed for the first time; it is better to surrender to the old man with pity. The whole army is used to fight; the sound of gold and drums is used to stimulate morale.
It is possible to use the conditions to attack the enemy based on the difficult terrain; it is also possible to attack the troops who are not in formation with the grand drum beating. 114 King Li of Zhou was tyrannical, and the people in the capital publicly criticized him. King Li.
Duke Zhao Mu reported: “The people can no longer tolerate the king’s orders! King Li was angry and found a wizard who defended the country. He sent him to monitor those who publicly accused him. The wizard reported these people to King Li and killed them.
No one in the capital dared They just looked at each other with their eyes on the way. King Li was happy and told Duke Zhao, "I can stop slandering, and everyone finally dared not speak." "
Duke Zhao said: "This is to block their mouths. Blocking the mouths of the people is more powerful than blocking the river.
When the river is blocked and breaks the dam, many people must be harmed, and the common people are just like the river. Therefore, those who govern the rivers should dredge it and make it smooth; those who govern the people should let them speak freely.
Therefore, when the emperor governs political affairs, he orders his ministers and ministers to present poems, music officials to present music, historians to present books, young teachers to present mottos, blind people to recite poems, dim people to recite classics, and all kinds of craftsmen at work. In the form of admonishment, the people asked people to pass on the message, the ministers tried their best to advise, the relatives supplemented the supervision, the Taishi and Taishi gave instructions, the elders and ministers compiled and explained, and then the king considered and implemented it. Therefore, political affairs can be carried out without violating the principles.
The people have mouths, just like the land has mountains and rivers, and wealth comes from here; just like the land has plateaus, depressions, plains, and irrigated fields, food and clothing come from here. The mouth is used to express opinions, and the quality of political affairs is based on it.
Practice what is good and prevent what is bad, this is the basis for enriching wealth, food and clothing. What the people consider in their hearts will be spoken openly with their mouths. The emperor wants to fulfill their wishes and put their opinions into practice. How can he block it? If the people's mouths are blocked, how long will it last? " King Li refused to listen.
So no one in the capital dared to speak anymore. Three years later, King Li was released. 4. The fifth chapter of Yang Zhenzhong's junior middle school classical Chinese reading aid was forgotten in school
The fifth article of Yang Zhenzhong's junior high school classical Chinese reading aid is "Cutting thorns into pens at the end of Ren's reign":
Original text
At the fourteenth hour of the last year of Ren's reign, there was no permanent teacher to learn from, and he could not keep up with his writings. It's far away and dangerous. How can anyone succeed if they don't learn? Or they can weave thatch into a nunnery under the trees, cut thorns into pens, and carve tree sap into ink. At night, they can read in the light of the stars and moon, and in the dark, they can burn wormwood for illumination. . When reading the book, he wrote about his clothes to record his work. He praised his diligent study and ignored the words of a non-sage. , although it exists, it is called the walking corpse.
”
Notes
Late Ren: A native of Xinfan in the Eastern Han Dynasty. He was a scholar of Qi Shi and was very knowledgeable.
Negative: Carrying
Ji (jí): bookcase
Every: often
Or: sometimes
Nunnery (ān): thatched hut
Jing: A kind of thorny shrub
Artemisia: wild grass
Book: write
Title: write down
Yue: admire
Save: Survive
Although: Even if
Easy: Exchange
Obstacle: Obstruction
Editor: Build
Husband: Fayuci
Translation
When Ren Mo of the Eastern Han Dynasty was fourteen years old, he carried a bookcase and went to study with his disciples, not afraid of dangers and obstacles on the way. He often said. : If a person doesn’t learn, how can he achieve success in the future? He sometimes builds a straw shed under a tree, cuts thorns into pens, and uses tree sap as ink to read under the moonlight. On moonless days, he lights up dead grass and weeds. Illumination. Whenever he had an experience in reading, he would write his thoughts on his clothes. Those who studied with him admired his hard work, and they often took turns to exchange clean clothes for him. You see. Ren Mochang said: "If a person is willing to learn all his life, he will still be alive even if he is dead; if he does not study, he will be a zombie even if he is alive." " 5. Yang Zhenzhong High School Classical Chinese Reading Assistant 91~110 Original text
Original text: Mozi plowed the pillars angrily.
The plowing pillars said: "Am I not as good as others? Zimozi said: "I am about to go up the road and drive a horse and a sheep. Who shall I drive?" "Peng Zhuzhu said: "I will drive Ji Ye. Zimozi said: "Why drive Ji away?" "Peng Zhuzhu said: "Ji is enough to blame. ”
Zimozi said: “I also consider you to be responsible.” ” Translation: Mozi was angry with Zhuzhu, who said, “Don’t I have any advantage over others?” Mozi asked: "If I want to go up to the Taihang Mountains and use a good horse or an ox to drive me, which one are you going to drive?" "Plowing Zhuzhu replied: "Of course I will use good horses. "
Mozi asked: "Why do we need good horses? Geng Zhuzhu said: "Because a good horse can bear the responsibility." "Mozi said: "I also thought you were responsible." 6. "Yang Zhenzhong High School Classical Chinese Reading Assistant" 84
84 Qi Huangyang goes private
Jin Ping Gong Qi Huangyang asked: "Nanyang is short of a chief, who is suitable for it? Qi Huangyang replied: "Jiehu is suitable (to fill this gap)." Ping Gong said: "Isn't Jie Hu your enemy?" "(Qi Huangyang) replied: "You are asking (who) is suitable, not asking (who is) my enemy. "Ping Gong (praising) said: "Good! "He appointed Xie Hu. The people in the capital praised (the appointment of Jie Hu) for his good work. After some time, Duke Ping asked Qi Huangyang again: "There are few officials in charge of military affairs in the country. Who can be the suitable one? "(Qi Huangyang) replied: "Qi Wu is suitable. Duke Ping said, "Isn't Qi Wu your son?" "(Qi Huangyang) replied: "You ask (who) is suitable, not (who) my son is. "Ping Gong (praising again) said: "Good! ", so he appointed Qi Wu again. The people in the capital (again unanimously) praised (the appointment of Qi Wu) for being good. Confucius heard about this and said: "Qi Huangyang's words are really good! (He) recommends outsiders without excluding his enemies (out of emotion); recommends his own people without avoiding his own son (for fear of suspicion). Qi Huangyang can be called selfless. "
85 Song Lian did not hide his true feelings
Song Lian once drank with guests at his home, and the emperor sent someone to conduct secret surveillance. The next day, the emperor asked: Who are the guests here? Man? What food did you eat? Song Lian answered the facts one by one. "Okay, you didn't lie to me. The emperor once summoned the ministers privately and asked them whether the officials in the court were good or bad. Song Lian only listed those who were good. He said: Those good officials can get along well with me, so I know them.
I don’t know them well.
86 Pei Ji. Pei Ji, a native of the Tang Dynasty, once said that when Pei Ji was a child, his uncle was an official in the court and had a good official reputation. He was considered an upright official. When I arrived at my uncle's house, I caught up with him coming back from the imperial court. He sighed deeply and said to himself: "Who is Cui Zhao? Everyone unanimously said that he is good. It must have been a bribe. If this continues, how can the country not be in chaos? Before Pei Ji's uncle finished speaking, the gatekeeper came in and announced: "Cui Governor of Shouzhou requested to see the master." "Pei Ji's uncle was very angry after hearing this. He scolded his disciples and asked them to use whips to drive Cui Cui out of the house. After a long time, Cui Cui, all dressed up, forced himself to visit Pei Ji's uncle. After a while, Pei Ji's uncle hurriedly ordered his family to prepare a banquet for Cui Ji. After sending Cui Ji off, Pei Ji's aunt asked his uncle. Why is he so arrogant at the front and so humble at the back? "Pei Ji's uncle walked into the door with a benevolent look on his face, waved Pei Ji away from here, and said, "Go, go to the school to rest."
"Pei Ji left the house and had not yet walked down the steps in front of the door. When he looked back, he saw his uncle taking out a piece of paper from his arms, which read: One thousand pieces of official silk as a gift.
87 After Li Linfu became the prime minister, he must try every means to get rid of all the officials in the court who had talents and achievements above his own and were favored by Xuanzong or who were about to surpass him in official position. He especially hated those who had literary talents. Scholars who entered the officialdom sometimes pretended to be friendly and said nice things, but secretly plotted against him, so the world called Li Linfu "a man with honey in his mouth and a sword in his belly"
88 Qin Hui. Domineering
Qin Hui became even more powerful after he arrived. There were usually several sergeants standing at the gate of the Qin Mansion wearing black clothes and holding sticks. People passing by would be punished if they glanced at the door. Reprimanded. Once he was ill and did not come to the morning court. The emperor was alone that day and did not dare to say anything wrong with him, so he kept praising him. The next day he came to the morning court and suddenly asked the emperor what he had said for a long time yesterday. The emperor said that I just praised your merits and said nothing else
Qin Hui said with a smile: "Very good!" "It turned out that the officials had been instigated to submit the memorial, and the emperor went back in fear. When he returned, a copy of the bullet had already arrived. How could Qin be so vicious?
89 Governing a country is like planting trees
The ninth year of Zhenguan , Tang Taizong said to his courtiers: "The capital has just been pacified, and every courtyard in the palace is full of beauties and rare playthings. Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty was still dissatisfied, and went on a crusade from the east to the west, using all his troops to launch wars. The people were miserable, which led to their demise. These are all things I have seen with my own eyes. Therefore, I work tirelessly from morning to night, just hoping that there will be peace and quiet, then the world will be safe, there will be no corvee, there will be a good harvest, and the people will live and work in peace and contentment. Governing a country is like planting a tree. Only when the foundation is unshakable can the branches and leaves flourish. If the emperor can achieve peace and quiet, how can the people not live and work peacefully?
90 To govern a country, you must first enrich the people
In general, the principle of governing a country is to make the people rich first. If the people are rich, it will be easier to govern, and if the people are poor, it will be difficult to govern. How do you know this? When the people are prosperous, they will be content in their countryside and cherish their homes; when they are in their homes and love their homes, they will respect their superiors and fear punishments; if they respect their superiors and fear crimes, they will be able to govern easily. If the people are poor, they will not be satisfied with living in the country and despise their homes. If they are not satisfied with living in the country and despise their homes, they will dare to resist the emperor and violate the prohibitions. If they resist the superiors and violate the prohibitions, it will be difficult to govern. Therefore, a well-governed country is often rich, and a chaotic country is bound to be poor. Therefore, a monarch who is good at presiding over the country must first make the people wealthy and then govern them.