# Teaching Plan # Introduction News has shortened the distance between you, me and him, allowing us to understand current affairs at home and abroad and obtain various information without leaving home. Good news can travel through time and space for people to read and recall. I have prepared the following content for you, I hope it will be helpful to you.
1. The first lesson plan of the first Chinese lesson "Two Messages" for eighth graders published by the Ministry of Education
Teaching Objectives
1. Understand the characteristics of the message and structural form, learn to quickly grasp the main information of the message.
2. Be able to clarify the content and structure according to the characteristics of the news and understand the authenticity and accuracy of the language.
3. Feel the overwhelming and invincible momentum of the People's Liberation Army and the fearless spirit of going forward and overwhelming the enemy.
4. Write a message and create a title for the message.
Teaching focuses and difficulties
1. Grasping the structure and characteristics of news and learning how to read news are the key points of teaching
2. Apply what you have learned Writing news and drafting a title for the news are teaching difficulties
1. Analysis of teaching materials:
Key to learning this news:
1. How Grasp the various elements of this news?
2. Research on the layout of the article: Why is it narrated in the order of China, West and East?
3. Language research: The author condemns words and makes sentences How to make it accurate, concise, sonorous and powerful?
2. Course standard analysis:
"The People's Liberation Army's Millions of Troops Crossing the Yangtze River" is the first unit of the eighth grade volume of the People's Education Press a piece of news. This unit is a news unit. It is hoped that by reading news works, students will understand the content of news, understand the characteristics of news, learn how to read news, develop the habit of reading news, and pay attention to the development of social life and news itself. The "Curriculum Standards" require that students only need to have a preliminary understanding of news style, learn to read news, and experience the victorious passion that permeates the text.
3. Teaching design:
(1) Introduction: Students, if you have today’s morning news and a novel in front of you at the same time, what would you choose to read first? The novel seems to be Better than the news. But in fact, if you are good at reading news, you will find that the news is actually very interesting. The new text we are learning today will teach you how to read the unique flavor of news. Today's news is related to the Yangtze River. Please watch the big screen. Live reading on the big screen: The great river goes eastward, the waves are gone, the romantic figures of the ages. The rolling Yangtze River is a source of inspiration for literati in the past dynasties, and it is also a battlefield where heroes and heroes have made contributions throughout the ages. I remember that in those days, Zhuge Feather Fan Lunjin, Zhou Lang burned Red Cliff. While talking and laughing, the boats and oars disappeared into ashes. Eighteen hundred years later, an even more intense battle began on this thousand-mile Yangtze River. Chairman Mao issued an order: Fight across the Yangtze River and liberate all of China! Above the river, the waves are flying, and a million-strong army is ready to go. This was a thrilling battle and the largest cross-river battle in Chinese history. Thousands of ships launched together, with momentum like a rainbow, and the entire river defense collapsed. The clarion call to march across the country has sounded, and the dawn of a country is about to come! Division: In order to report the progress of this great war, Chairman Mao wrote this news article "The People's Liberation Army of Nearly One Million Crosses the Yangtze River".
(2) Read the news content: Read the text by simulating the tone of the announcer. Think about it:
If you want to quickly understand the main information of the news, which sentence should you read?
If you want to simply understand the general content of the news, which sentence should you read only? If you want to know the details To understand the detailed content of the news, which sentences should be read?
Clear: five parts of news structure
(3) Analysis of news structure
1. Explore: The East Route Army was very troubled: because they were placed at the last level of the main part of the news by Chairman Mao. They are unconvinced and believe that their position can be moved forward. Do you think this arrangement is good? Can you convince them to understand Chairman Mao’s arrangement?
2. Read the big screen after the student exchange: Starting from the night of the 20th, the Central Route Army of the People's Liberation Army on the north bank of the Yangtze River first broke through the Anqing and Wuhu lines ...At five o'clock in the afternoon on the 21st, our West Route Army began to cross the river... Just like the enemy encountered by the Central Route Army, the enemies faced by our West Route Army also retreated one after another, without any fighting spirit. The resistance our army encountered was extremely severe. weak. Our 350,000-strong army on the East Route and the West Route launched the cross-river operation at the same time on the same day. The enemy's resistance here was relatively tenacious. However, during the fierce fighting throughout the day from the afternoon of the 21st to the afternoon of the 22nd, I had annihilated and defeated all resisting enemies... 3. Clarity: The main part is arranged in chronological order. The Central Army attacks first, so the Central Army is written first. The West Route Army, like the Central Route Army, encountered very weak resistance, so I will continue to write about the West Route Army. The resistance encountered by the Eastern Route Army was relatively tenacious, so I will write it separately later.
(4) Appreciating the language of news
1. Research: There are also images and feelings in the language of news. Please choose a word (sentence) you like to say. Tips: express accurate verbs, elegant classical Chinese words, words with profound meaning, sonorous and powerful short sentences, warm and surging emotions
2. Read together: pay attention to emotions.
Our 350,000 troops on the East Route and the West Route launched the cross-river operation at the same time on the same day. All planned plans have been realized. By the time of power generation, most of our troops on the east route have crossed the south bank, and the remaining troops will be able to complete the crossing on the 23rd. The enemy's resistance here was relatively tenacious. However, during the fierce fighting throughout the day from the afternoon of the 21st to the afternoon of the 22nd, I had annihilated and defeated all resisting enemies. Occupy the vast areas of Yangzhong, Zhenjiang, and Jiangyin counties, control the Jiangyin fortress, and blockade the Yangtze River. Our army's vanguard has cut off the Zhenjiang and Wuxi railway lines
(5) Taste the news
1. Thinking: In the text, there is a word that appears repeatedly. This word appears many times. It may even be completely unnecessary. But its expressive power is extremely powerful, who can find it!
2. Guide reading: From 5 pm on the 21st, our West Route Army began to cross the river. The enemies facing our Western Route Army also retreated one after another, without any fighting spirit. The resistance our army encountered was very weak. The eastern defense line was broken through by our army again. Our 350,000-strong army on the east route launched a cross-river operation at the same time as the west route. Most of our troops on the east route have crossed the south bank, and the remaining troops will be able to complete the crossing on the 23rd. I have annihilated and defeated all enemies that resisted. Our vanguard has cut off the Zhenjiang and Wuxi railway lines.
(6) Understand the author’s feelings
Chairman Mao’s greatness lies not only in the fact that he is a thinker and revolutionary, but also in the fact that he, like Cao Cao, is a great talent who can compose poems horizontally. There is a poem describing Mao Zedong like this: You write poems with the sound of gunfire, and twenty-five thousand miles is the longest line! Which Mao Zedong poems do you know? What kind of Mao Zedong do you read in them?
Students appreciate: National sentiment: "Ask the boundless earth, who is responsible for the ups and downs?"
- Political sentiment of "Qinyuanchun Changsha": "The goddess should be fine, but she should shock the world."
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——The sentiments of the people in "Water Melody Ge Tou Swimming": "Sit on the ground and travel eighty thousand miles a day, survey the sky and see a thousand rivers in the distance."
——"Seven Rhymes and Two Songs to Farewell the God of Plague" Landscape sentiments : "The five mountains are meandering and the waves are rolling, and the Wumeng is majestic and moving like mud balls"
——"The Long March of Seven Laws"
(7) Class Summary
1. Behind great news stand great people. The foundation of great news is great feelings. News is the eyes and conscience of a society, listening to the world outside and paying attention to social life.
2. Read the news like this: read the structural charm of the news, read the expressive charm of the news, and read the emotional charm of the news.
Teaching method: "Introduction-reading. - Comprehension - Extension - Writing" four-step teaching method
Teaching process and steps
1. Introduction (use a TV news introduction)
Students, Let's start today's learning journey by watching the big screen. The screen played a video of the teachers and students visiting the martyrs' graves during the Qingming Festival a few days ago.
Today, we will learn how to read and write messages with everyone. . So what is news (news)? The concept of news
1. News reports in a broad sense include news, communications, investigative reports, news reviews and other genres
2. News is the main body of news reports
3. News reports in a narrow sense refer to news. According to journalism, news is the report of new facts or the latest changes in facts.
2. Reading (read the textbook examples to understand the structure of the message)
Please open the textbook and read this message carefully. Let’s analyze the structure of the message based on this message. Group discussion)
Background: It is the historical conditions or realistic environment in which the news happened.
Conclusion: It is the last paragraph or sentence of the message.
Inverted pyramid structure: Put the most important information at the front of the message, allowing readers to grasp the most important information in the shortest time.
3. Enlightenment (read the textbook examples and understand the characteristics of the message).
Analyze the characteristics of the news based on the news of "My 300,000-strong army successfully crossed the Yangtze River south"
1. Timeliness: report the latest events as quickly as possible. . (Explanation)
2. Authenticity: use facts to speak. Use narrative as the main method of expression and convey information in a calm and objective style.
3. Freshness: The event must have occurred recently, or although it has not occurred recently, it has never been reported by others.
4. Clarity: concise and concise. Report facts, highlight key points, and do not provide comprehensive and in-depth analysis.
5. Writing (let students try to write a message to practice writing)
A few days ago, the school organized all the teachers and students to visit the Tashan Martyrs Cemetery. Based on this incident, write a message information.
1. Students write, teachers inspect, and solve students’ problems in a timely manner
2. Students display their writing results (by projecting them onto a large whiteboard screen, students can study together , reference, comments)
3. Students’ mutual evaluation
4. Summary of teacher’s comments
Conclusion:
2. Department editor Knowledge points of the first Chinese lesson "Two News" in the first volume of the eighth grade: My 300,000-strong army successfully crossed the Yangtze River south
1. Introduction to the author
Mao Zedong (1893-1976), zi Runzhi is from Xiangtan, Hunan. China's great proletarian revolutionist, strategist, thinker, poet, and calligrapher. The main founder of "Mao Zedong Thought" and one of the "founding leaders" of the People's Republic of China. His main collections of works include "Selected Works of Mao Zedong" and "Collected Works of Mao Zedong"; poems include "Spring Snow in Qinyuan", "Qilu - Long March", "Qilu - Occupation of Nanjing by the People's Liberation Army", etc.
2. Story background
Selected from "Collection of Mao Zedong's News Works". The two pieces of news were published in People's Daily on April 22 and 24, 1949 respectively. After the three major battles of Liaoshen, Huaihai, and Pingjin, it was a foregone conclusion that the People's Liberation Army would win nationwide. However, the reactionary Kuomintang government still stubbornly resisted. After three and a half months of painstaking efforts on the Yangtze River defense line, on April 20, 1949, Blatantly refused to sign the "Internal Peace Agreement". Mao Zedong issued an order to "march across the country", and the People's Liberation Army launched a cross-river campaign on the night of the 20th. On the night of the 22nd, Mao Zedong wrote "One Million Troops of the People's Liberation Army Crossing the Yangtze River". At 2:00 on the 22nd, Xinhua News Agency broadcast the full text of "Our 300,000 Troops Successfully Crossed the Yangtze River South", reporting that our army's thousands of ships launched together, broke through the enemy's lines, The battle situation to occupy the vast area on the south bank.
3. Understand the meaning of the word
1. Unstoppable: extremely sharp and irresistible. When, resist.
2. Destroy the dead: "Ku" refers to withered grass, and "Kui" refers to rotten wood, which means that the power of decay is quickly destroyed. The article stated that the People's Liberation Army's offensive was fierce and unstoppable.
IV. Summary of Problems
1. What kind of news does “Xinhua News Agency Yangtze River Front Line, April 22, 1949, 2:00 p.m.” belong to news? What role does it play in news?
It is the head of news. The name of the news agency, the location and time of power generation were explained. The function of the electric head: to show that the material is authentic and the report is timely.
3. "The Kuomintang army operated the Yangtze River defense line for three and a half months, but it seemed to be overwhelmed by the People's Liberation Army. The troops had no fighting spirit and retreated one after another." What writing technique is used in this sentence? What does it do?
Here is the use of "the Yangtze River defense line operated by the Kuomintang for three and a half months was overwhelmed by the People's Liberation Army. The troops had no fighting spirit and retreated one after another", which contrasts the bravery and invincibility of our army.
4. What are the expressive effects of words such as "less than", "almost", "breakthrough", "occupation", "forward" and "attack" in the article?
What are the expressive effects of words such as "less than", "already", "breakthrough", "occupation", "forward" and "attack" in the article? "Less than" indicates short time, "already" and "forward" indicate fast speed, and words such as "breakthrough", "occupation" and "attack" express the characteristics of our army's fierce and overwhelming offensive and express the author's excitement.
5. What is the function of the last paragraph of the article?
This is the conclusion of the message, summarizing the previous content. The "heroic battle" and "resolute execution" highlight the heroic spirit of the PLA officers and soldiers to achieve greater victories as always.
5. Theme of the text
The news "Our army of 300,000 successfully crossed the Yangtze River southward" reported the fact that our army successfully crossed the Yangtze River in extremely concise language and praised the people The bravery and invincibility of the People's Liberation Army also reflected the disengagement and lack of fighting spirit of the Kuomintang army.
One million troops of the People's Liberation Army crossed the Yangtze River
1. Story background
"One million troops of the People's Liberation Army crossed the Yangtze River": Selected from July 9, 1981 "People's Daily" (originally published in "People's Daily" on April 24, 1949). In 1949, the three major battles of Liaoshen, Huaihai, and Pingjin ended, and the People's Liberation Army's victory across the country was a foregone conclusion. However, the reactionary Kuomintang government still resisted stubbornly. After three and a half months of painstaking efforts on the Yangtze River defense line, on April 20 Blatantly refused to sign the "Internal Peace Agreement". Mao Zedong issued an order to "march across the country", and the People's Liberation Army launched a cross-river campaign on the night of the 20th. On the night of the 22nd, Mao Zedong wrote this press release that comprehensively reported the latest battle conditions on the front line.
2. Understand the meaning of words
1. Defeat: defeat, disperse.
2. Already: already
3. Problem summary
1. What is the name of the beginning of the article? What does it do?
Electronic head. The name of the news agency, the location and time of power generation were explained, indicating that the material was authentic and the report was timely.
Cannot be removed.
"Not included" means not included, indicating that Jiujiang is not within the area where the People's Liberation Army crosses the river, which reflects the accuracy and rigor of the news language.
3. "This situation is due to the bravery and prowess of the People's Liberation Army on the one hand; on the other hand, it has a lot to do with the Kuomintang's refusal to sign a peace agreement." What expression is used in this sentence? Way? What does it do?
This sentence uses the expression of argument, appropriately analyzes the reasons for the victory of our Western Route Army, highlights the heroic and skillful fighting of our army, exposes the reactionary nature of the Kuomintang Communist Party, and makes the news ideological The depth and political height deepen the theme of the article.
4. What is the role of the word "unexpectedly" in the sentence "Unexpectedly, it was the day Tang Enbo arrived in Wuhu"?
"Unexpectedly" means unexpected or unexpected. It serves as a turning point, mocking Tang Enbo's overestimation of the stability of the eastern defense line, showing the bravery and prowess of the People's Liberation Army from the side, and naturally transitioning to the narrative of the Eastern Route Army.
5. In order to show the heroic and skillful fighting of our army, what expressive words does the author use here? What does it do?
"Annihilate", "Destroy", "Occupy", "Control", "Block" and "Cut off". These verbs are sonorous and powerful, expressing our army's bravery, invincibility, victory, and invincible momentum.
6. What are the characteristics of language use?
Use words accurately. For example, the meanings of "breakthrough" and "breakthrough" are different. "Breakthrough" refers to breaking a certain state, restriction, etc., and "breakthrough" is to concentrate forces to attack or counterattack at a point to open a gap. Therefore, "breakthrough the enemy's formation" and "breakthrough through Anqing, "Wuhu Line" and "the eastern defense line was broken through by our army again" were all used accurately. For another example, after a whole day of fierce fighting on the eastern defense line, part of the enemy army was annihilated and another part was defeated. The author did not say "annihilated" or "routed" in general, but said "I have annihilated and defeated all the enemies who resisted". ". Another example is, "The enemy's resistance here is relatively tenacious." The word "relative" is used very accurately. And Tang Enbo "believes that the defense line in the Jiangyin section of Nanjing is very solid." The word "very" shows his pride and arrogance.
IV. Text Topic
3. Knowledge Points "Two Messages" in the first Chinese lesson for eighth graders in the Ministry of Education version 1. Definition of message: do not tell the detailed process and details , a short news style that uses concise and clear language to promptly report recently discovered valuable facts.
Message is usually called news. The word "news" has broad and narrow meanings. News in a broad sense refers to the general term for various news genres, including news, communications, features, investigative reports, etc. The news we are talking about here refers to news in the narrow sense. News is the most widely used and frequently used news genre in newspapers, radio, and television. It is the protagonist of newspapers, the most common news form in terms of number of news reports.
2. Characteristics of the message: true and specific, quick response, clear views, and concise language.
The news only needs to report the facts, there is no need to dig deeply into the root cause of the incident and related issues.
3. The types of news can be distinguished from different angles
1. In terms of reporting content, it can be divided into: political news, economic news, cultural and educational news, military news, and sports news. , legal news, social news, etc.
2. From the relationship between news and events, it can be divided into: event news, non-event news
3. From the reflected objects It can be divided into: character news, event news
4. In terms of length, it can be divided into: long message, short message, brief message, one-sentence news, headline news, etc.
The more common classification method in my country’s news circles is to divide it into four types according to writing characteristics: dynamic news, comprehensive news, experience news, and commentary news
①Dynamic news: also called dynamic news, this kind of news is rapid , timely reporting on major domestic and international events, new people, new things, new atmosphere, new achievements, and new experiences in socialist construction. Many of the dynamic messages are short messages (short messages, concise news), the content is more simple, the text is more concise, often one thing, one news, a few lines of text.
② Comprehensive news: Also called comprehensive news, it refers to news reports that comprehensively reflect overall situations, trends, achievements and problems.
③Typical news: Also known as typical news, this is a concentrated report on the typical experience or successful practices of a certain department or unit, used to drive the overall situation and guide the general.
④Commentary news: Also called news commentary, in addition to the general characteristics of dynamic news, it often narrates news facts while directly issuing some necessary comments from the author to concisely express the author's views . Journalist reviews and current affairs reviews are two of them.
IV. The structure of the news
1. Title: A high-level summary of the news facts that have occurred, generally including a lead, main heading, and subheading.
The part in brackets is the "electric head", which tells the name of the news agency, the location and time of power generation. "Electronic head" indicates that the material is authentic and the report is timely. The time is accurate to "hour".
4. The conclusion generally refers to the last sentence or paragraph of the message, which is the end of the message. It is optional depending on the needs of the content.
Method of expression of news: mainly narrative, sometimes also discussion and description.
5. Six elements of news: person, time, place, cause, process, and result.
As a narrative-based literary style, the basic elements of news are consistent with the six elements of narrative commonly used in our Chinese language community. If these six elements are strung together and summarized into one sentence, it is an easy-to-understand sentence: someone did something at a certain place at a certain time, and a certain result occurred.