[Date: August 30, 2006] Source: Author: Yang Xiaohong [font: large, medium and small]
Taiwan Province poet Zheng Chouyu's poem "Wrong", though short, exudes a strong poetic and emotional appeal. This poem has been reprinted hundreds of times since it came out 50 years ago, and some people even call it "the swan song of modern lyric poetry". Indeed, in the fast-paced modern life full of fast food culture and online dating, mistakes are like a clear spring and a stream, which washes and nourishes the impetuous hearts of modern people.
I think this poem has two characteristics:
First, the length of the sentence is patchy and the rhyme is harmonious.
There are three sections in the whole poem, the first and third sections are only two sentences, which form a symmetrical structure with the second section and have visual architectural beauty. Sentences vary in length and are fragmented. Especially in the first sentence, it only takes eight words to write "I", which seems to imply that passers-by are in a hurry; It takes 15 words to write "you", which seems to imply that the thinking woman is waiting for a long time.
Cuo is a modern poem, but it pays attention to rhyme. China's poems, whether four-character poems in The Book of Songs or five-character Yuefu poems; Both modern poetry in Tang Dynasty and Ci in Song Dynasty emphasize rhyme. The rhyming poetic form is more in line with China people's aesthetic psychology towards poetry. The first sentence of this poem rhymes with the "crossing" of the second sentence and the "falling" of the lotus. The word "night" in the second sentence "Like a bluestone street facing the night" rhymes with the word "cover" in the fifth sentence "Your heart is a small window". The four negative words in the poem "don't come", "don't fly", "don't ring" and "don't show up" are opposite; There are also two overlapping words "Mix" in the poem, which increase the profundity of poetry lyricism and make the poem full of jumping rhythm.
Second, the image is traditional and the metaphor is unique.
Whether it is classical poetry or modern poetry, poets are good at using images to shape artistic images. In Wrong, the poet writes "You" with the images of lotus, east wind, catkin, lonely city, bluestone street, spring curtain and window sash. Many of these images are very old and frequently appear in classical poems, which are very oriental and can arouse people's infinite warm associations. For example, the image of "lotus", in the Yuefu poem "Xizhou Qu" quoted by Zhu Ziqing in "Moonlight on the Lotus Pond", has the saying that "lotus flowers are picked in the south pond in autumn, and the lotus flowers are over the head". Bow your head and take lotus seeds, which are as clear as water. The image of "East Wind" is widely used in ancient poetry. As Li Shangyin said in Untitled, it took longer than I met her, longer than we were apart, longer than I met her, and longer than I met her. Silkworms in spring will weave until they die. Every night, candles will cry and blow out the wick with "east wind". In Lu You's Hairpin Phoenix, "Red crisp hands, Huang Teng wine, spring willows all over the city. East wind evil, weak sense of joy, melancholy mood, after a few years of separation, there was an "east wind." The image of catkin appeared in He Zhu's poem Jade Case in Song Dynasty: "How much leisure is there? Yichuan smoke, full of wind, plum yellow rain. " "Wind catkin" is "catkin". Zheng Chouyu is good at expressing traditional consciousness with traditional images, so some people call him "China's China poet".
Poets not only use aesthetic images, but also use unique metaphors to write "you". In the first sentence, "The face is like a lotus in the middle of the season", the poet did not compare the woman to a luxurious peony, nor to an empty valley and a secluded orchid, but compared the woman to a lotus flower that "emerges from the mud but is not stained, and the blue waves are rippling but not demon", which is very in line with the broad time and space background of "Jiangnan in March" created by the poet. This is not special in itself, but in addition, the metaphors of "bluestone street facing the night" and "small window sash closed" are unique and unique, highlighting the loneliness and isolation of women.
Every time I read this poem, I will be moved inexplicably, and I will deeply understand what is "incoherent, and my meaning is still unfinished". This "mistake" is just like the poem "Lotus". It is fragrant, fresh and meaningful.
Appreciation of Zheng Chouyu's Poem Mistake/Romantic Lotus Pond
I walked through Jiangnan.
The face in the season is like a lotus flower.
If the east wind does not come, catkins will not fly in March.
Your heart is like a little lonely city.
Like a bluestone street facing the night.
Without a sound, the spring curtain in March can't be lifted.
Your heart is a small closed window.
My dada horseshoe is a beautiful mistake.
I am not a returnee, I am a passer-by.
This poem is a famous lyric poem in modern times, which expresses the man's deep yearning for the woman and conveys his sadness and melancholy. I appreciate this poem very much, and think that it is loved by readers because it expresses three kinds of beauty: the beauty of classical grace, the beauty of Chinese knot rhyme and the beauty of emotional restraint.
Classical graceful beauty, Jiangnan, lotus, Dongfeng, Xiangwan, March, nobles, passers-by and so on. It often appears in classical poetry, occupying a long time, and some of them have become the objects of praise, such as Jiangnan, Lotus, Dongfeng, etc., and have become literary classic images. The scenery in Jiangnan is good, and the tenderness and beauty are mostly in Jiangnan. Clean lotus is more a metaphor of human feelings and virtues. After the extension and expansion of the writer's works, these images have already possessed the classical elegant beauty in literature. Once borrowed, it will be handed down and the cultural content will be reflected. If we compare the face to the lotus, there are metaphors and masterpieces in ancient times. Isn't it the recognition and embodiment of classical graceful beauty in the writer's mind that the writer uses lotus flowers as a metaphor for appearance?
Chinese emotional knot, lingering and affectionate, is probably an important feature of Chinese emotional knot. "Cut constantly, the reason is still chaotic", true and sincere. The expression of this emotion needs elegance, profundity and delicacy. The waiting face in the poem, like a lotus, is sad; The heart is like a lonely city, which is lonely and melancholy; The window is tightly covered with thoughts; I am not a returnee, I am a passer-by, which makes me feel lost and sad. Repeated reflection, nuanced and sentimental, this kind of sadness can be said to be leisure and sensibility. But once it is concrete, it always shows profound characteristics.
The beauty of emotional restraint, the lonely city is "small"; The window sash is closed, and the small window sash is closed; The curtain of spring has not been opened, and the closed state of these little things is linked with subtle emotions, forming the beauty of introverted emotions. Beautiful mistake, I am not a returnee, I am a passerby. Understatement, sadness spread slowly. The heart is a small window. Isn't it a sign of emotional restraint? The melancholy and yearning of "I" is reserved, and so is a woman's heart. The screenwriter is introverted in emotional expression, without shouting and passionate words. On closer inspection, however, the feeling of wanting to be present and floating gives readers more thinking angles and a broader imagination space. Introverted beauty is more attractive to readers' psychology and more suitable for China people's aesthetic taste.
This poem is rich because of its classical graceful beauty, China people's emotional sadness and restrained beauty, and it is full of scenes and memorable.
Zheng Chouyu's poem Error is light and clear, and it is still a masterpiece. If Zheng Chouyu's works can arouse people's deepest feelings, nothing more than beauty and affection, then the poem Wrong can be described as one of them, which has established the poet's position and influence in Taiwan's poetry circles.
When I first read this poem, the first thing I felt was its China. This is an absolute China poem, a poem belonging to China people, which tells an eternal and beautiful story of China. Therefore, although the shell of this poem flaunts the modernism of western learning spreading to the east, there is no doubt that it conveys a deeper traditional consciousness of China. The poem Mistakes can be said to inherit the tradition of China's ancient palace grievances and in my heart forever's poems. In the poem, the hero "I" rode to the south of the Yangtze River, leaving a woman to live alone in an empty boudoir, waiting for her lover "I" to return day and night. However, the spoony affection of the woman has brought a long and boring wait. Therefore, her heart is "like an isolated city", and there is no "east wind" to deliver news for her, and there is no "catkin" flying all over the sky in spring; Therefore, her heart is a "small window", always paying attention to the "sound" on Qingshi Road, and you can see the colorful spring scenery outside the window without even lifting the curtains. In Liu Yuxi's "Ci of Spring", "Zhu Lou's new makeup should go down, and the first hospital in spring is deeply locked" seems to have the same effect as the above grievances, subtle and far-reaching. Finally, I came back. Dada's hoof looks beautiful to her, because the lover who looked forward to it day and night came back, but in a blink of an eye, this infinite joy turned into infinite disappointment. Because "I" was just passing by, not "going home". This "beautiful mistake" played a trick on her, as if heaven had played a trick on her. Perhaps, some people will understand the "I" in the poem as the sorrow of the prodigal son's homelessness, and this understanding is not unreasonable. In that turbulent era, Taiwan Province people's mentality was wandering, waiting for a place one day. They are just a passer-by on the island of Taiwan Province Province, thinking that one day they can return to their hometown to reunite with their relatives. However, due to political reasons, their wishes could not be realized, resulting in a sense of loss and melancholy. However, if we try to compare Zheng Chouyu's other poems with errors, it is not difficult to find strong circumstantial evidence. For example, in Zheng Chouyu's Little Three, lines such as "I think loneliness and waiting are good for women" and "Because I am not the kind of person who often goes home" all show the theme that women stay in the boudoir and wait for the protagonist to return. In another poem, The Slave Outside the Window, "I am the God of the South, with my bare arms wrapped in a gauze-like night. Therefore, the star hanging on my wrist is my female slave ",which also tells the sad mood of women waiting for men to return in the long and lonely years." "
Mistake has nine lines and 94 words. The whole article is not long, but its artistic skills are not only praised, but also recited orally. Structurally, it implies two clues: vertical and horizontal. The obvious vertical line is from large view to small view, with distinct layers. The first two sentences are set in the vast south of the Yangtze River, then the camera moves to the small town, then to the streets, curtains and window leaves, and finally falls on the horseshoe, breaking the silence ahead. This writing is quite similar to the spatial treatment in Liu Zongyuan's Jiang Xue, from the big scene of "there are no birds in the mountains" to the small scene of fishermen fishing alone in the middle of the river, which pushed the poem to a climax. Judging from the horizontal line, the first two sentences should be the end. It is precisely because "I" walked from Jiangnan to that woman's place and didn't go in. The woman's expectation of "face like lotus" became disheartened. The last two sentences should have been "I'm not a passer-by, just a passer-by", so "my horseshoe is a beautiful mistake". Here the poet used a small inversion sentence. This arrangement has created an uneven level of structure, which is more poetic and shines brightly in disharmony. Another touching thing about this poem is the beauty of its language, especially the words "beautiful mistakes". This sentence is inherently contradictory. The horseshoe of Dada sings the deep heart of women's hope for reunion, so it is beautiful. However, the horseshoe just passed in front and didn't stop for her expectation. This is a mistake. This ups and downs, back and forth reversal scene, has produced a high degree of drama, but also formed a refreshing ups and downs. If it is associated with the China nature of this poem, it is similar to the artistic conception expressed by William Wang's "Glowing glass of grape wine urges you to drink pipa immediately". At the same time, Zheng Chouyu also used the images in China's traditional classical poems, such as "Lotus", "Catkin", "Horseshoe" and "Spring Festival". In particular, the image of "East Wind" is taken from Li Shangyin's untitled book "It was a long time before I met her, but it was even longer after we broke up". The implication of "the east wind rises and a hundred flowers blossom" once again shows the most fundamental nature of China in Zheng Chouyu. Yang Mu's long article "The Legend of Zheng Chouyu" said: "Zheng Chouyu is a China poet in China, and his Chinese characters are very good, accurate, gorgeous and absolutely modern", which emphasized the China nature of Zheng Chouyu's poetic language, thus reflecting China's thoughts and feelings. Pure writing is another advantage of this poem. When talking about poetry writing skills, Zheng Chouyu said: "When writing poetry, you should be loyal to yourself, not bluffing. If you are not sure about yourself, it is disloyal. " Therefore, Zheng Chouyu's Wrong emphasizes purity and neatness, freshness and lightness, and does not play word games or make up words, trying to express the poet's most faithful feelings with the most faithful words. This is a true and sincere poem. Mistake still touches the heartstrings of countless readers. I think the most important factor is not to win with words, but to impress people with its inner feelings. This kind of emotion is not disguised or carved, which makes the scene harmonious and consistent in the poem and has endless artistic appeal.
Appreciation of mistakes
Zheng Chouyu's poem "Wrong" is light and clear, and it is still widely known.
The masterpiece of mouth. If Zheng Chouyu's works can attract people's attention and touch people's hearts.
Nothing is more profound than beauty and affection, so the poem "Error" is the most beautiful one.
, established his position and influence in the poetry circle of Taiwan Province Province for the poet.
When I first read this poem, the first thing I felt was its China. This is definitely a song.
China's poems belong to China people and tell the story of an eternal and beautiful China.
Story. Therefore, although the shell of this poem flaunts the modernism of learning western learning from the East, it is
There is no doubt that China's deeper traditional consciousness is conveyed.
The poem "Wrong" can be said to be a poem that has been in my heart since it inherited China's ancient palace grievances.
Tradition. In the poem, the hero "I" rode to the south of the Yangtze River, leaving a woman to live alone in an empty boudoir.
Waiting day and night, expecting the return of my lover "I". However, the woman's stupidity has changed.
What followed was a long and boring wait. So, her heart is "like a small lonely city", no
There is a "east wind" to deliver news for her, but there is no "catkins" flying all over the sky in spring; So hers
The heart is a "small window", always paying attention to the "sound" on the bluestone road, even the curtains.
Don't open it, go and see the colorful spring scenery outside the window. "New Makeup Appropriate for Face" in Liu Yuxi's Poems of Spring
Going to Zhu Lou, locking spring scenery and worrying about a hospital seems to have the same effect as the above grievances, which is implicit.
Not exposed, but far-reaching and far-reaching. Finally, "I" came back, and the sound of dada's hooves was beautiful to her.
Yes, because the lover I looked forward to day and night came back, but in a flash, this infinite joy became.
Infinite disappointment. Because "I" was just passing by, not "going home". This "beauty"
Sally's mistake "played a trick on her, as if heaven had played a trick on her."
Perhaps, some people will understand the "I" in the poem as the sorrow of the prodigal son returning home.
And this understanding is acceptable. In those turbulent times, the mentality of people in Taiwan Province Province was one.
Kind of wandering, waiting for a place one day, they are just a pass on the island of Taiwan Province Province.
Guest, thinking that one day I can return to my hometown and reunite with my relatives. However, for political reasons,
Their wishes could not be realized, resulting in a sense of loss and melancholy. However, if you try
Comparing Zheng Chouyu's other poems with mistakes, it is not difficult to find a powerful side.
Certificate. For example, in Zheng Chouyu's Mistress, "I think loneliness and waiting are good for women" and
The lines "Because I'm not the kind of person who often goes home" both show that women live in boudoir, and so on.
The theme to be returned by the protagonist. In another poem, The Slave Outside the Window, "I am the God of the South,
Bare arms wrapped in gauze-like night. Therefore, the star hanging on my wrist is my slave. "
It also tells the sad heart of women waiting for men to return in the long and lonely years.
Conditions.
Mistake has nine lines and 94 words. The whole length is not long, but it shows that
His artistic skills were not only praised, but also passed down orally. Structurally, it's hidden.
There are two clues. The obvious vertical line is from large view to small view, with distinct layers.
The first two sentences are set in the vast south of the Yangtze River, and then the camera goes to the small town and then to the street.
The road, curtains and window leaves finally landed on the horseshoe, breaking the silence in front of the horseshoe.
This kind of writing, like Liu Zongyuan's Jiang Xue, starts from the big scene of "There are no birds in the mountains" and ends with pen and ink.
The small scene of a fisherman fishing alone in the river is quite similar in space processing and poetic.
Push to a climax. Judging from the horizontal line, the first two sentences should be the end, precisely because "I" comes from
Jiangnan went to a woman's place and didn't go in. The woman's expectation is that her face is like a lotus flower.
The passion for waiting turned into despair. The last two sentences should be "I am not a returnee, but" ...
A passer-by ",so" My horseshoe is a beautiful mistake "is used by the poet here.
It's a little backwards. This arrangement has caused uneven levels in the structure, which is even more obvious.
Poetry shines in disharmony.
Another touching feature of this poem is the beauty of its language, especially the number of "beautiful mistakes"
Words. This sentence is inherently contradictory. The horseshoe of Dada sounded women's expectation for reunion.
Deep down, so beautiful. However, this horseshoe only passes in front, not for the sake of
It was a mistake for her to stop and wait. This kind of falling together, the reversal of the scene before and after,
It has produced a high degree of drama and formed a trend of ups and downs. If and the China nature of this poem.
Lenovo, like William Wang's "luminous glass of wine, urges you to drink pipa immediately".
At the same time, Zheng Chouyu also used the images of China's traditional classical poems in his poems, such as
Lotus, Catkin, Horseshoe, Spring Owl, and especially East Wind.
The picture is taken from "It was a long time before I met her, but it was even longer after we broke up" in Li Shangyin's Untitled. There are also "branches" where the east wind has started and a hundred flowers are blooming.
Meaning, and then show that Zheng Chouyu's China is the most fundamental. Yang Mu in Biography of Zheng Chouyu
"Strange" long article said: "Zheng Chouyu is a China poet, in China, make good use of China.
Chinese characters are accurate in writing image, beautiful in sound and absolutely modern, which emphasizes the right and the ugly.
China's poetic language reflects China's thoughts and feelings.
Pure writing is another advantage of this poem. When Zheng Chouyu talked about the skills of writing poems,
He said: "Be true to yourself when writing poetry, and don't bluff. If you write even numbers,
You're not sure, that's infidelity. "Therefore, Zheng Chouyu's" mistake "emphasizes purity.
Agile, fresh, light, do not play word games, do not make up words, and strive to be the most loyal self.
Real words express the poet's most faithful feelings. This is a true and sincere poem.
Mistake still touches the heartstrings of countless readers. I think the most important factor is not.
It wins by words, not by its inner feelings. This feeling is undisguised,
Without carving, the scenery in the poem is harmonious and consistent, which has inexhaustible artistic appeal.