2014 New Curriculum National Curriculum Volume I Chinese Language
1. Analysis option B. This question tests the ability to analyze and summarize the author’s views and attitudes. The propositions of the exposition-style reading are mainly propositions from the three perspectives of concept, judgment and reasoning. For concepts, pay attention to "answering the question incorrectly", "inaccurate connotation and denotation", "misclassification" and "overtaking the concept"; for judgment-type, pay attention to "inappropriate scope" and "substituting concepts" "Misinterpret the meaning of the text"; in reasoning, pay attention to errors such as "imposing cause and effect" and "forced inference". The key to answering the question is to review the question clearly, find the location, read the original text, and look for subtle differences. According to the tragedy discussed in the article, the third paragraph is limited to "the carrier of the aesthetic value of tragedy can only be literature and art", and item D is a historical fact, not literature and art.
2. Analysis option C. This question tests the ability to filter and integrate information in the text. Item C is the concept of stealing. The second to last line of the second paragraph of the article says that the aesthetic subject can join the tragic conflict "aesthetically" and gain a sense of tragedy.
3. Select D for analysis. This question tests the ability to analyze and summarize the author's opinions and attitudes. Item B, according to the penultimate paragraph of the article, tragedy, as an art, establishes the psychological distance between tragic events and people, and presents a space that is unfamiliar or somewhat strange to people. Only then can the aesthetic subject "aesthetically" join the tragic conflict. Only then can we understand the meaning of "taking sadness as beauty".
4. Select C for analysis. This question focuses on testing the ability to recognize and memorize common content words in classical Chinese. "Li Jing" means "to cheer up and devote yourself to a certain cause or work".
5. Select D for analysis. This question focuses on testing the ability to interpret and infer sentences in the text. Sentence segmentation follows two principles: 1. It does not destroy the relative integrity of the words; 2. It conforms to our normal reading habits. The broken sentence expresses Xiu Lie's calm response to Li Kui's jealousy. The first subject is mostly Li Kui, and the second subject is usually Xiu Lie. The reason for Li Kui's jealousy and the suppression methods used are explained first, and then Xiu Lie's calmness is described. . Supplement the omitted subject, grasp the word nouns, pronouns "Prime Minister Li Kui", "Zhi", "Guozi Jijiu", "Zhi", "Xiu Lie" and the function word "Yi" to clarify the logic of the event.
6. Select A for analysis. This question focuses on testing the comprehensive understanding of the content of the article and the ability to accurately summarize and refine it. "After An Lushan's rebellion, he answered bluntly..." Improper analysis and error. Not outspoken, but tactful and subtle.
7. Analysis
(1) The key to this sentence is the content word "sin". From the sentence structure, it should be a verb and can be translated as "accuse". The key content word is "gui", which is understood as "correction" according to the context.
Yu and Shang Tang blamed themselves, but they were able to flourish. Moral monarchs did not forget to correct their mistakes. I am deeply congratulated.
(2) This sentence mainly captures the content words such as "下", "close", and "Tuihub" and the fixed sentence pattern of "Zengwu". It can be translated as "condescend to treat", "get close to" and "recommend". "Zeng Wu" can be translated as "not even...".
And get close to talented people, bend down to hand over scholars, and recommend younger generations. Although he is of high rank, he does not look tired at all.
Scoring criteria (1) 1 point each for correct translation of "sin" and "gui". (2) 1 point each for correct translation of "Qin Xian", "Tui Hub" and "Zeng Wu".
With translation
Yu Xiulie is from Henan. He has a good character, is loyal, honest, alert and understanding. I loved studying when I was very young and was good at writing articles. After being recommended as a Jinshi, he was awarded the title of Secretary, Sheng Zhengzi, and later he was transferred to Bibu Yuanwailang and Langzhong. Yang Guozhong assisted in government affairs and excluded people who did not depend on him. Yu Xiulie left the capital and became the governor of the central county. At that time, An Lushan launched a rebellion and Suzong ascended the throne. Yu Xiulie was promoted to Taichang Shaoqing, in charge of etiquette matters and revising national history. Suzong returned to the capital from Fengxiang, energized and committed to obeying and accepting the minister's advice. He once said to Xiulie: "The actions of the king must be written down, which is a good history. I have made mistakes, can you write them down?" Yu Xiulie replied: "Yu and Shang Tang blamed themselves. They can flourish and be moral. I congratulate you for not forgetting to correct your mistakes." At that time, there was a turmoil and rebellion in the Central Plains. Classic books were basically missing, and there were no historical books to search for. Xiulie reported: "History of the State and Records of the State are the great classics of the Holy Dynasty. It took a long time to revise and write, and now there is no original copy. I hope that the censor will infer and collate the materials obtained from the historical museum, so that the prefectures and counties can Officials collected and searched for the "National History" and "Records" from elsewhere. If they were sent to the government agency, they would have to pay a large price to buy the rewards. "Wei Shu, the former minister of the Ministry of History and Industry, defeated the thieves and entered Tokyo. The collected 113 volumes of "National History" were sent to the government. Soon after, Yu Xiulie was transferred to the position of minister of the Ministry of Industry. He revised the history of the country and contributed "On the Emperors of the Five Dynasties". The emperor commended him. Prime Minister Li Kui boasted that he was jealous of virtuous ministers. Because Xiu Lie revised the history of the country and his status was equal, he was jealous of him. Xiu Lie was asked to serve as a sacrificial wine for the emperor of the country, and Quan stayed in the history museum to revise and compile historical materials to make him inferior to himself. Xiu Lie was very calm and calm and didn't take it to heart at all. After Daizong came to the throne, he distinguished his official status. The prime minister Yuan Dai agreed with him, so he worshiped him and became a regular servant of Yousanqi. According to the previous history, he also revised the national history. He was promoted many times and was named Donghai County Duke. He was also appointed as Jinzi Guanglu. doctor. He has been the General Secretary of the DPRK for more than 30 years and has held important positions many times. His family does not have much savings.
He is respectful, thrifty, gentle and kind, and never shows any joy or anger on his face. And get close to the talented people, bend down to hand over the scholars, and recommend the younger generations. Although he is of high rank, he does not look tired at all. (Xiu Lie) loved classic books very much, and often kept reading them until his death. He died in the seventh year of Dali at the age of eighty-one. In the spring of this year, Xiu Lie's wife Wei Shi died. The emperor specially issued an edict to name her Mrs. Wei Shiguo, and provided a grand ceremony on the day of her burial. When I heard the news of Xiu Lie's death, I commemorated him for a long time. He praised and conferred the official title of Zuopushe, rewarded him with a hundred bolts of silk and fifty pieces of cloth, and sent an envoy named Wu Chengqian to express his condolences at his residence. The glory of being a Confucian scholar is rarely equaled by his.
8. Analysis The first half of this poem is mainly about scenery description. The main function of scenery description is to exaggerate the atmosphere and set the emotional tone. In spring, wind and rain blow, branches and flowers fall, creating a desolate and miserable scene. Coupled with the setting sun and the cold water turning blue, people have a preliminary feeling for the emotions expressed in the poem.
Answer: It sets the emotional tone of the word. The spring breeze blows the rain, and the ground is covered with red. The beginning of the poem gives people a sense of suppression and depression; then it is written that although the wind and rain have stopped, the red sun has set in the west, and the desolate atmosphere has not been lifted, but has been wiped out again. A dull twilight.
The scoring criteria not only clarify the role but also combine content analysis. Answer the key points to set the emotional tone, 2 points. Point ② Combined with content analysis, describe the picture and summarize the atmosphere, 3 points.
9. Analysis This is a question that explores the emotion of poetry. Pay attention to the title, notes, and key words that express the meaning of the poem. When answering the question, pay attention to the last two sentences of the word. It is written that the poet has no intention of playing chess because of sadness, but he also wants to get rid of his sadness by playing chess, so his thoughts are disturbed and hesitant. Grasp the action and make reasonable connections with the previous sentences to get the answer.
Answer: The last two sentences express the character's troubled thoughts and inability to resolve his sadness. It is expressed through the actions of the characters themselves. He turned around to tidy up the remaining chess pieces and wanted to continue playing in order to divert his sorrow, but he was so preoccupied that he was hesitant and his moves were slow.
Scoring criteria: 2 points for accurately answering the poet's melancholy; 4 points for those who can analyze and explain the movements of "rectification" and "contemplation" with the help of poems.
10. Analysis (1) Take a long breath to cover your tears, mourning the hardships of people’s lives. Among them, the easily misspelled word is "长", and the word "easy" is written as "长"; there is also "Tai" worth noting.
(2) The yellow crane cannot fly past, but the ape is trying to escape its sorrow by climbing on it. Among them, the difficult character is "猱"; the easy-to-write character is "DU"; the easy-to-write character is "DU"; the character "Yuan" is also difficult to write.
(3) I am moved to tears by the flowers of time, and startled by the hatred of other birds. "Splash" is a typo.
The answer can only be obtained by association based on the understanding of famous dictation sentences.
Scoring criteria: No points will be given for multiple words, missing words, or typos.
11. (1) If you choose A for analysis, you will get 3 points, if you choose D, you will get 2 points, if you choose B, you will get 1 point, and if you choose CE, you will get no points. This question tests your ability to analyze and understand literary works. This question covers a wide range of topics, including content, techniques, language, etc. We need to comprehensively analyze the options, implement relevant paragraphs, look at the context of the whole text, and carefully determine the answer. Item B, the reason analysis is not completely correct. I am surprised why the ferryman said such scary words. Of course, I am also defensive and worried. Item C, combined with the analysis of relevant passages in the article, the reason for staying in accommodation is to return ashore, which is a long and dangerous journey. Item E: There was no strange expression on the ferryman's face. I looked at him intently and my psychological and emotional analysis was incorrect. You should be surprised by the old man's calmness and broad mind.
(2) Analysis This question tests the ability to summarize and analyze characters. Summarizing the character image is analyzed and summarized through positive descriptions such as the character's words, deeds, psychological activities, etc., and it is also analyzed by combining environmental description, foiling characters and other side techniques. When answering the questions, pay attention to using the facts in the text to explain and analyze the character, and be careful not to repeat each point. Combining language, self-reported personal experiences and facial expressions, the character's personality can be summarized. From the various worries and arrangements of the ferryman about "I" in the article, as well as the frank dialogue with me, "I am happy for a filial child like you." We can analyze the character's enthusiasm and other characteristics; from the article "Ice, falling snow, I have to cross the lake "It's windy, it's raining, I have to cross the lake..." "I don't care about the earth or the sky, I eat by my conscience, I make money by my strength!" Sentences such as "I don't care about the earth or the sky, I rely on my strength to make money!" and other sentences can show the attitude towards life, being unyielding and being strong, Maintain a free character.
Answer
The scoring criteria are 2 points for each point. Key Points ① The answer should show your attitude towards people and enthusiasm. Point ② should answer the question of a strong and independent character; point ③ should answer the question of having faith in life and not yielding to fate.
(3) Analysis This question examines the narrative expression technique of the storyline. It is an appreciation question. We should focus on the narrative angle and narrative method of the plot, pay attention to the role of different narrative angles, and combine the benefits of narrative methods to analyze the text.
From a narrative point of view, the article is written in the first person, which shows the authenticity of the event; in terms of narrative method, the author does not go straight to the subject, but introduces it by talking about the price, which is quite attractive; the subject flows through the conversation between the two people and settles down. The points can be focused on the ferryman; the content arrangement is integrated into the description of the situation, allowing people to develop associations and experiences
The first point of the scoring criteria is that the narrative perspective is the first person, combined with the advantages of text analysis, 2 points; the second point Regarding the narrative method, the method and benefits of introduction at the beginning, 2 points; the method and role of the narrative process, 2 points; the analysis of the role of scene description; 2 points.
(4) Analysis This question tests the ability to read personalized and creative works. Appreciation Interpretation The role of appreciation is analyzed from two aspects: structure and content. Structurally, the plot of the article ends with the drastic change in the ferryman's feelings, ending in singing, with an unexpected sudden change; in terms of content and character portrayal, the previous article describes the blows and sufferings that the ferryman endured, and only one night later, his attitude changed. The huge changes show the character's broad-mindedness, freedom and boldness, and can also be understood as a way to relieve one's own pain; in terms of expressing thoughts and emotions, silently enduring the changes suddenly changed to singing with abandon, reflecting the depth of suffering; in terms of the theme, the singing It also sings the heartfelt voice of the ferryman and reflects the ferryman's attitude towards life.
Answer:
The scoring standard answer can answer four aspects: the characteristics and functions of the structure and plot arrangement, the portrayal and shaping of the characters, the expression of thoughts and emotions, and the relationship between the theme and the performance. 2 points for each aspect, 5 points for two points, 8 points for more than three points
12. (1) Answer B is worth 3 points for analysis, answer E is worth 2 points, answer A is worth 1 point, and answer CD is worth no points. This question tests your ability to understand and analyze the content of the article. Although the second paragraph of the article A mentioned Bohr's evaluation of Einstein, it did not clearly indicate that Einstein had direct support for him; item C focused on the third to last paragraph of information, and the article only said that Bohr went to Germany to investigate He was not keenly aware of the safety situation of German scientists, nor did he mention that there were a large number of Jewish scientists. He was participating in a rescue organization, not an anti-enemy organization. The penultimate paragraph of item D is the focus. The article is just out of concern about the results of research on atomic bombs. It is out of conscience, not a politician's foresight. It only recommends that the British and American leaders reach an agreement with the Soviet Union to control atomic weapons as soon as possible. It does not prohibit a ban. Use nuclear weapons. It is a distortion of the meaning of the text.
(2) Analyze and examine the ability to filter, integrate and integrate information in the text. This is a partial textual summary question. First, lock the answer range, then extract the key words, and then answer the questions in sections. The answer range is the first and second paragraphs, especially the first two sentences of the second paragraph. The two scientific giants, Einstein and Bohr, pointed out their status; the two basic theories of modern physics, relativity and quantum mechanics, pointed out the content of the debate; the debate lasted for a long time, and almost all theoretical physicists were attracted and participated. , pointing out the widespread impact. Just organize it.
Answer (1) Judging from the members, both sides of the debate are representatives of the physics community; (2) Judging from the content, the debate involves the two basic theories of physics - relativity and quantum mechanics; (3) In terms of impact, the debate has stimulated academic debate in the physics community.
(3) Analyze and examine the ability to filter, integrate and integrate information in the text. This is a partial textual summary question. First, lock the answer range, then extract the key words, and then answer the questions in sections. The answer range is the third to last paragraph, the paragraph structure is a general formula, and the conclusion sentence is "It can be said that the Copenhagen School led by Bohr possesses the outstanding characteristics that a scientific school should have." The advance summary is divided into three sections and three levels. The first level extracts information from "The institute was established by Bohr in 1917 and was officially established in 1921. He vouched for the institute as a famous scientist"; the second level extracts information from "He attracted many people with his unique personality charm." The third level can summarize the unique spirit from "forming an academic spirit full of passion, vitality and continuous progress".
(4) Analyze this question to test your ability to explore the text and provide personal insights. There are two directions when answering questions: inward digging and outward expansion. Inward digging and explanation use the content in the article to answer questions, and outward expansion should be combined with reality. If there is no clear requirement in the course standard paper, there will be no outward expansion type of answer. There are two types of inward digging: the first is to conduct in-depth exploration of a certain point, and the other is to list from multiple angles, which is suitable for the broader description in the article, but each point is not in-depth. This question applies to the first method. When answering the question, clarify your own point of view, and then make an in-depth analysis based on the examples in the article. Based on the analysis of personality charm and integration of text materials, it can be seen from the second paragraph that "Although the two people's scientific theories and ideological views have never been able to reconcile, they have formed a friendship that has lasted for decades." It can be seen that there is no personal grudge; The third paragraph "Bohr is surrounded by many outstanding theoretical physicists. Not only does he have the courage to innovate, he is also a great Bole. He has cultivated and organized an innovative development team for quantum physics," but The analysis shows that he is good at cultivating and discovering talents; from the fifth paragraph, the information can be extracted and integrated to integrate the humanitarian spirit. From the establishment of the Copenhagen School based on his own country to cultivate talents for the motherland, his patriotism can be seen.
Answer
13. For analysis, choose C. This question tests the ability to understand the use of modern Chinese idioms. "Duty" focuses on taking the initiative to do things without shirk; "duty" focuses on taking responsibility; "duty" focuses on moral necessity.
① The "vocation" in the sentence emphasizes that one should be duly paid, referring to morality; ② the "duty" in the sentence is more of a responsibility; ③ the sentence highlights facing heavy responsibilities and emphasizes being proactive. Analysis of the context of this question is the key point, so choose option C
14. Choose D for analysis. Test your ability to analyze and modify incorrect sentences. Item A is inappropriately matched, "He is full of dialectics". It should be "he used dialectics in the discussion of ontological issues". It should be "he used dialectics in the discussion of ontological issues"; item C uses prepositions indiscriminately, "in terms of..." When connecting verbs with strong action behind them, "on..." should be changed to "on..."; the word order of item D is inappropriate, and the subjects of the preceding and following clauses are inconsistent, so "not only" should be placed after "in the process" .
15. Select B for analysis. This question tests the mastery of language coherence and internal connections in language. When answering questions, you should base your answers on the content of the context and the logical connections within the sentences.
According to the narrative content of ③, it is inferred that the subject should be "Abacus Formula", and the sentence ④ should be logically "Abacus Abacus", which can be connected to ⑥③ and ②④. The related word "ze" in ⑥ can determine the correspondence of the previous sentence. The sentence contains ②, ① and ⑤, all of which are the advantages of abacus. They form a cause-and-effect relationship with the previous introduction to abacus, and ⑤ is the final conclusion, so the arrangement is ②④⑥③①⑤
16. Analyze this question to test the concise language expression and Coherent, appropriate, accurate, clear and vivid. This is the content of a comprehensive assessment of language use, paying attention to the connection of context and the reference before and after. ①According to the above list of disadvantages, it should be a more general sentence. ②According to the turning conjunction "however" should be the negative "advantage" of "disadvantage", the specific content below also confirms this point. ③According to the previous content, the plants are still alive, but if the soil is polluted, the consequences will be that the plants die, which also echoes the word "lost" below.
Answers ① Bring huge disasters to mankind ② Increased carbon dioxide will bring benefits: ③ Plants will get sick or even die
17. Analysis of this question tests language expression that is concise, coherent and appropriate , accurate, clear and vivid. This is a picture-text conversion question. The picture is a conceptual framework. When expressing, follow a certain order. Pay attention to the order of events first, then divide them. Prepare first and then implement. Do not lose information, and then adjust to maintain coherence.
Scoring criteria: 1 point for complete content; 1 point for accurate classification of the total score; 2 points for accurate expression; 2 points for coherent language
18. Writing Tips The key to reviewing the topic It is to grasp the meaning of the material as a whole, especially the rules and new situations mentioned in the material. If you follow the rules in the material, the customary result is that one person gets off the bridge and the other person passes. During the competition, a pair of students hugged each other in the middle of the bridge, turned around, and both passed. This was considered controversial. A contest of strength and fairness. Break the habit and work together to win. If we start from the practices of two students in the preliminaries, we can focus on ideas such as "flexibility" and "win-win cooperation". If you look at it from the perspective of everyone, you can focus on concepts such as "rules" and "following the rules." Of course, you can also combine the two and create a concept around "flexibility and rules". You can use "Run the red light, wait for the red light", "Bao Zheng abides by the rules and does not show favoritism", "Japanese who never get off the highway", "The Prime Minister of New Zealand apologizes", "Wang Xizhi's words", "Du Fu's seven laws, the first to bend the body", "my country's Qi Baishi's" Paintings, the paintings of Spanish Picasso, all have a profound foundation of rules and are constantly changing and innovating." and other materials are used as arguments.
Reference topics: "Strictly abide by the rules and demonstrate fairness" "Habits can be broken, the results are the best" "Following the rules does not mean sticking to the rules" "No rules can make a circle" "Rules and flexibility" "Dead rules, Living Wisdom”.
(Sorry for the inappropriateness)