Liu Yuxi (772-842), a native of Luoyang, Henan, called himself "Luoyang" and Zhongshan. The first one is Zhongshan, Wang Jing and Liu Sheng. A writer and philosopher in the Tang Dynasty, he was called a "poet".
Liu Yuxi was a scholar in the ninth year of Zhenyuan (793). At the beginning, he was a clerk in Du You's shogunate and an envoy in Huainan, and was highly valued by Du You. Later, he entered the DPRK from Du You, supervising the empire. At the end of Zhenyuan, he made friends with Liu Zongyuan, Han Ye and formed a political group headed by Wang. Later, he successively served as Sima Langzhou, Secretariat of Lianzhou, Secretariat of Kuizhou, Secretariat of Hezhou, Doctor of Host and Guest, Minister of Rites, and Secretariat of Suzhou. In Huichang, we will check the history of the Ministry of Justice. He died at the age of 70 and gave it to the Minister of Housing.
Liu Yuxi's poems and essays are excellent and have a wide range of topics. They are also called "Liu Liu" with Liu Zongyuan, "Three Masters" with Wei and Bai Juyi, and "Bai Liu" with Bai Juyi, including The Inscription of Humble Rooms, Zhi Zhu Ci, Yang Liuzhi Ci and Wuyi Lane. Three philosophical works, The Theory of Heaven, discuss the materiality of heaven and analyze the origin of the theory of destiny, which is materialistic. There are works of Liu Mengde and Liu Binke.
Yuan Zhen (779-83 1 year) was born in Luoyang, Henan Province (now Luoyang, Henan Province), descended from Li Zhen, the eighth son of Tuoba Shiyi, the minister of the Ministry of War of Sui Dynasty, the general manager of Yizhou, and the sixth grandson of Yan in Pingchang County. Father Yuan Kuan and mother Zheng advocated "New Yuefu" with Bai Juyi in their early years. People often call him and Bai Juyi "Bai Yuan", and their poems are titled "Yuanhe Style". At the age of fifteen, Yuan Zhen was awarded the title of senior, and later he supervised the imperial history. He was demoted for offending eunuchs. Mu Zong ascended the throne, and his official position was constantly promoted. Long was afraid that during the reign of Emperor Jianwen (822), he worshipped with Pei Du, and soon became the secretariat of the same state. Finally, he served as our ambassador of Wuchang Army, and where did he die? Yuan Zhen's poems are shallow and sorrowful, like a lonely phoenix's lament, extremely gripping and touching. His Yuefu poems are mostly influenced by Zhang Ji and Wang Jian, and his "new topic Yuefu" is directly attributed to Li Shen. Yuan Zhen's representative works include Biography of Yingying, Chrysanthemum, Five Poems of Leaving Thoughts and Three Poems of Mourning for the Past. More than 830 poems, including poems, imperial edicts, exhortations, discussions, etc. *** 100 volume.
Wang Wei (70 1-76 1, 699-76 1), a native of Zhou Pu, Hedong (now Yuncheng, Shanxi), was a poet in the Tang Dynasty and was called "Shi Fo". Su Shi commented: "Poetry is full of paintings; Look at the picture, there are poems in the picture. " In the ninth year of Kaiyuan (72 1), he was a scholar and was appointed as Tai Lecheng. Wang Wei is a representative of poets in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Today, there are more than 400 poems, including Acacia and Autumn Night in the Deep Mountains. Wang Wei is proficient in Buddhism and is greatly influenced by Zen. Buddhism has a Vimalakīrti Jing, which is the origin of Wang Wei's name and ci. Wang Wei's poems, paintings and calligraphy are very famous, very versatile and proficient in music. Together with Meng Haoran, they are called "Wang Meng".
Meng Haoran (689 or 69 1-740) was a famous poet in Tang Dynasty, whose name was Haoran, also called Lumeng Chu Shi. He is from Xiangyang, Xiangzhou (now Xiangyang, Hubei). Meng Haoran's poems are as famous as Wang Wei's, and they are also called "Wang Meng".
Wang Changling (698-756), born in Jinyang, Hedong (now Taiyuan, Shanxi), was named Shao Bo, alias Chang 'an, Jing Zhao (now xi 'an). A famous frontier poet in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, later generations praised him as the "Seven Wonders". In his early years, he was poor and trapped in farming. He is nearly sixty years old and began to become a scholar. The first secretary of the provincial school, Lang, also learned from the macro words, and awarded Si Shuiwei, who was relegated to Lingnan because of things. There are Li Bai, Gao Shi, Wang Wei, Wang Zhihuan and Cen Can. At the end of Kaiyuan, he returned to Chang 'an and awarded Jiangning Cheng. The slandered dragon captain. An Shi rebelled and was killed by Lu Qiuxiao, the secretariat. His poems are famous for their four wonders, especially the frontier poems written in northwest frontier fortress before he ascended the first place, which is known as "the poet king Jiangning". Wang Changling's poems are dense and clear, just like Gao Shi and Wang Zhihuan, who are called Wang Jiangning. Six volumes, four volumes of poetry today.
Xin Qiji (1140-1207 65438+1October 3) was born in Licheng County, Jinan East Road, Shandong Province (now Sifengzha Village, Yao Qiang Town, Licheng District, Jinan City), a bold poet in the Southern Song Dynasty in China, and was known as the dragon in words. Xin Qiji was born in Jin. He is a teenager who resists the return of gold to Song Dynasty. He served as an envoy of Jiangxi and Fujian. Posthumously presented to Shi. There is a collection of Jia Ci, Long Xuan and a collection of short sentences, with more than 600 existing words. Strong patriotism and fighting spirit are the basic ideological content of his words. Famous ci poems include I love to adjust the lake with water, fishing can make the wind and rain better, the river is red in the south of the Yangtze River, before traveling in the north of Qin Dynasty, and the middle of Huangsha Road on a moonlit night in Xijiang River. The artistic style of his ci is diverse, mainly bold and unconstrained, with a gloomy and heroic style, but there is no lack of delicacy and femininity. His ci has a wide range of themes, making good use of predecessors' allusions, expressing patriotic enthusiasm for restoring national unity, pouring out grief and indignation, and condemning the humiliation and peace of the rulers at that time. There are also many works that praise the rivers and mountains of the motherland. He is the author of "Ten Theories on Meiqin" and "Nine Theories", which provided strategies for Chen Zhanshou. Xin Qiji died in the autumn of12007, at the age of 68, because of disagreement with the ruling pacifists.
Liu Yong (987- 1053), whose real name is Trilateral, was later renamed Yong, ranking seventh, also known as Liu Qi. A native of Chong 'an, Fujian Province (now Wuyishan City, Fujian Province), he was a famous poet in the Northern Song Dynasty and the founder of Graceful School. In the first year of Jing You (1034), he was a scholar and a foreign minister. Ranked seventh, the world called Liu Qi, or Liu Tuntian. He called himself "Liu Sanbian, who wrote lyrics in sequence", devoted his life to lyrics and boasted that "white clothes are fluttering". His poems mostly describe the city scenery and the life of geisha, and he is especially good at expressing his feelings of travel and service, and has created many slow words. Description, scene blending, popular language and harmonious melody were widely circulated at that time. It is said that "where there is well water to drink, there is Liu Ci to sing", which has a great influence on the development of Song Ci. The main representative works are Yulin Ridge, butterfly lovers, A Close Look at Dangerous Buildings, A Journey of Youth, Looking at the Tide of the Sea, Klang Ganzhou, Dingfengbo and so on.
Li Qingzhao (1084 ~ about 1 156), a poetess in Song Dynasty (early Song Dynasty), was born in Zhangqiu, Jinan (now Jinan, Shandong). He was born in Yuanfeng, Song Shenzong in seven years (1084) and died in Shaoxing, Song Gaozong in twenty-six years (1 156). She was born in a scholarly family. Early life is easy. Her father, Li, has a rich collection of books and has laid a literary foundation in a good family environment since childhood. After their marriage, Zhao Mingcheng and her husband devoted themselves to the collection and arrangement of epigraphy and calligraphy, and engaged in academic research. Like-minded, happy life. Nomads from the Central Plains, living in the south, Zhao Mingcheng died of illness, and Li Qingzhao was alone. Experienced the prosperity and danger in the late Northern Song Dynasty and the turmoil in the early Southern Song Dynasty.
Li Qingzhao was a rare talented woman in ancient China. She is good at calligraphy and painting, and is familiar with epigraphy, especially poetry. Her ci works are unique and spread through the ages, and are known as "a unique poet". Her ci can be divided into early stage and late stage. In the early stage, write more about your leisure life, describe your love life and natural scenery, and use beautiful rhymes. Such as "a plum, lotus root fragrance, autumn jade" and so on. Later, I lamented my life experience, recalled my hometown and felt sad. Such as "slow voice, looking for". Her personality is as awe-inspiring as her works. She has both women's Shu Xian and men's fortitude; There are both the cynicism of ordinary people and lofty patriotic feelings.
Han Yu (768 ~ 824) was born in Heyang (now mengzhou city, Henan Province). My ancestral home is Changli, Hebei Province, and I took a four-year leave. /kloc-0 died in Chang 'an on February 2nd at the age of 57. Han Yu, an outstanding writer, thinker and leader of the ancient prose movement in Tang Dynasty, occupies a high position in the development history of China's prose. He was an advocate of the ancient prose movement in Tang Dynasty. Su Shi called him "the decline of eight generations of literature" in Song Dynasty. The Ming Dynasty was regarded as the leader of the eight masters in Tang and Song Dynasties, and was also called "Liu Han" with Liu Zongyuan, and was known as "a great writer" and "a hundred generations of literators". He took an active part in the anti-Huai War, Xi rose up against Wu Yuanji, and served as the marching Sima of Pei Du. Ideologically, Han Yu advocates Confucianism, trying to banish the old Buddha, and at the same time advocates the theory of destiny, thinking that "heaven" can reward good and punish evil, and people can only conform to and obey destiny. He is the author of 40 volumes of Han Changli's Collected Works, Foreign Collected Works 10, Teachers' Comments, etc. His prose writing theories, such as the unity of literature and Taoism, the combination of enthusiasm and propriety, the importance of expressing one's will and the order of words, have important guiding significance for future generations.
Liu Zongyuan (AD 773-AD 8 19), a native of Hedong County (now Yongji, Yuncheng, Shanxi Province) in the Tang Dynasty, was an official for generations, and Liu Qing, the seventh ancestor, was a servant in the Northern Wei Dynasty, and he was a duke of Yin. The world calls him "Liu Hedong" and "Mr Hedong". He was a famous writer, philosopher, essayist and thinker in China in the Tang Dynasty. Together with Han Yu, he advocated the ancient prose movement in Tang Dynasty, which was called "Liu Han". Also known as "Liu Liu" with Liu Yuxi. Also known as "Wang Meng" with Wang Wei, Meng Haoran and Wei. With Han Yu, Ouyang Xiu, Su Xun, Su Shi, Su Zhe, Wang Anshi and Ceng Gong in the Tang Dynasty, they are also called "the eight masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties", and they are the second of the eight masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties. He has more than 600 poems in his life, and his achievements are greater than poems. Nearly a hundred parallel essays, argumentative essays, sharp and ironic. Travel notes about mountains and rivers are entrusted to many places. Most of his poems express depression, grief, homesickness and friendship, and are deep and gloomy, forming their own family. What is most praised by the world are those leisurely and meaningful, simple and clean landscapes.
Liu's former residence is located in Wenxing Village, Qinshui County, Jincheng City, Shanxi Province. It was built by Liu Zongyuan's adherents and is a national scenic spot.
Su Xun (1009- 1066) is a native of Meishan, Sizhou. At the age of 27, I became eager to learn. In my spare time, I have promoted Jinshi and different talents, all of which failed. I learned everything I wrote and studied behind closed doors, so I learned six classics and wrote thousands of words in an instant. Between Jia You and him, he took his second son, Shi Hezhe, to Beijing. Ouyang Xiu wrote twenty-two books, such as The Book of Rights and The Theory of Balance, which were circulated by scholars. Han Qi, the Prime Minister, plays in the court, except for the secretary and the provincial school bookkeeper. Order for moving to Chen Zhou Project City. Together with Yao Bi, since Zi Long, he has built 100 volumes of The Book of Rites for Tai Chang. A book becomes a book, but it will die. He wrote twenty volumes of Jia You Ji and three volumes of Funeral, all handed down from generation to generation.
Su Shi (1037 65438+10.8-165438+August 24), whose name is Zi Zhan, whose name is He Zhong, was named Dongpo Jushi, who was called Su Dongpo and Su Xian in the world. Han nationality, a native of Meishan, Meizhou (now Meishan, Sichuan) and Luancheng, Hebei, was a famous writer, calligrapher and painter in the Northern Song Dynasty. [1] [2] In the second year of Jiayou (1057), Su Shi was a scholar. Song Shenzong worked in Fengxiang, Hangzhou, Mizhou, Xuzhou and Huzhou. In the third year of Yuanfeng (1080), he was demoted to Huangzhou as Yong Lian's assistant ambassador because of the Wutai Poetry Case. After Song Zhezong acceded to the throne, he was known in Hangzhou, Yingzhou, Yangzhou, Dingzhou and other places. In his later years, he was exiled to Huizhou and Danzhou because of the ruling of the New Party. Song Huizong was granted amnesty and returned to the north, where he died. Song Gaozong posthumously awarded a surname, posthumous title "article". Su Shi is the representative of the highest literary achievement in Song Dynasty, and he has made great achievements in poetry, ci, writing, calligraphy and painting. His poems have a wide range of themes, fresh and vigorous, good at exaggeration and metaphor, and unique style. He and Huang Tingjian are also called "Su Huang". Ci is an uninhibited school, and Xin Qiji is the representative of the uninhibited school, also known as "Su Xin"; His prose works are rich and unrestrained, and he is also called "Ou Su" with Ouyang Xiu, one of the "Eight Masters of Tang and Song Dynasties". Su Shi is also good at books and is one of the "Song Sijia"; He is good at painting, especially at ink bamboo, strange stones and dead wood. There are seven episodes of Dongpo, Yi Zhuan of Dongpo and Yuefu of Dongpo.
Su Zhe (1039-112) was born in Meishan, Meizhou, Han nationality. In the second year of Jiayou (1057), he was a scholar with his brother Su Shi. God is the emperor of the dynasty and the official of the three divisions. He was promoted in Henan for opposing Wang Anshi's political reform. When he was a philosopher, he was called the secretary of the provincial school. In the second year of Yuanfeng (1079), his brother Su Shi was arrested and imprisoned for writing a poem "slandering the imperial court". He wrote that he wanted to use his official position to atone for his brother, but he could not be implicated. He was demoted and sentenced to Yunzhou salt and wine tax. In the eighth year of Yuanfeng, when the old Party was in power, posthumous title's "welcome legacy" was for reading and writing and meditation. He died on 1 1 121October 3 (10/October 25). After his death, he studied for a bachelor's degree in Duanmingtang. One of the eight masters in the Tang and Song Dynasties, he is as famous as his father Xun and other disciples.
Wang Anshi (102 1 year1February 81May 2, 0861day), whose real name is Mid-Levels, is Wang, a member of Jiangyou clan of Han nationality. Feng Guogong, a native of Yanbuling (now Deng Jia Lane, Linchuan District, Fuzhou City) in the Northern Song Dynasty, was an outstanding politician, thinker, scholar, poet, writer and reformer in the history of China, and one of the eight masters in the Tang and Song Dynasties. Prime Minister and New Party Leader of Northern Song Dynasty. In the third year of Song Renzong's reign (1058), he put forward the idea of political reform, demanding to change the situation of "accumulating poverty and accumulating weakness", implement the policy of enriching the people in Qiang Bing, and curb the merger of bureaucratic landlords. In the second year of Xining (1070), Song Shenzong became prime minister, carried out political reform, supported five states such as Xihe, and improved the situation of fighting Xixia. Conservatives objected, the new law was blocked, and Xining was dismissed for seven years. Collected works handed down from ancient times include Wang Linchuan Collection and Linchuan Collection. Although he doesn't have many words, he is also good at it, such as Guizhixiang. And Wang's most popular poem is "Green is here, when will the bright moon shine on me?"
Ceng Gong, born on September 30th, 10 19 (August 25th, the third year of Tianxi), was a politician and essayist in the Northern Song Dynasty, one of the "Eight Great Masters of Tang and Song Dynasties", and was the "Seven Zeng of Nanfeng" (Ceng Gong, Zeng Zhao, Ceng Bu, Zeng Gui and Zeng Yi). He has made outstanding contributions to academic thought and literary career. In the Southern Song Dynasty, Li Zong was known as "Wen Ding" and internationally as "Mr. Nanfeng". Jiangyou people of Han nationality. Jianchang Nanfeng (now Jiangxi) was born in Linchuan (now west of Fuzhou, Jiangxi). Sun of Zeng Zhiyao, son of Zeng. In the second year of Jiayou (1057), he was a scholar. In the sixth year of Yuanfeng (1083), Ceng Gong died in jiangning house (now Nanjing, Jiangsu) at the age of 65. Buried in the right of Nanfengyuan Chongjue Temple.
Wang Bo (649 or 650 ~ 676 or 675) was a poet in the Tang Dynasty. Han nationality, Zi Zi An. Jiangzhou Longmen (now Hejin, Shanxi) people. And Yang Jiong, Lu, and called "four outstanding men in the early Tang Dynasty", among which "four outstanding men in the early Tang Dynasty" was the highest. There are more than 80 poems in Wang Bo, including preface, table, monument and fu, and there are more than 90 poems. His representative works include Preface to Pavilion and Farewell to Du Fu's appointment.
Luo (about 6 19- about 687), recorded in 300 New Notes on Tang Poetry that he was born in 640 AD, and the year of his death is unknown. Robin, born in Yiwu, Wuzhou (now Yiwu, China, Zhejiang), was a poet in the early Tang Dynasty. Together with Yang Jiong and Lu, he and Fu Jiamo are called "Luo Fu". At the age of seven, Luo was able to be a writer, especially good at five-character poems. He tasted "Imperial Capital" and thought it was a swan song at that time. At the beginning, it was a Taoist temple palace, a master book of martial arts and a master book of Chang 'an. When Xu Jingye was ready to crusade against Wu Zetian, King Robin wrote a letter for him. An election campaign listed the crimes of Wuhou, which was very touching. Wu Hou was shocked to read the sentence "a handful of dirt is wet, six feet are lonely" and asked the Prime Minister why he didn't reuse this person earlier. After the defeat, Wang's whereabouts were unknown, or he was killed by the rebels or fled into an empty door. There is a collection of Wang Luobin's works.
Gao Shi (about 704-765) was born in Bohai County (now Jingxian County, Hebei Province) in Tang Dynasty, and later moved to Song Cheng, Songzhou (now Suiyang, Shangqiu, Henan Province). A famous frontier poet in Tang Dynasty, he used to be an assistant minister of the Ministry of Punishment, a regular servant of Sanshi, and a magistrate of Bohai County.
Gao Shi and Cen Can, also known as "Gao Cen", have been handed down from generation to generation, such as Historical Records of Gaochang. Their poems are vigorous and full of the unique spirit of the times in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. The Five Immortals Temple in Yuwangtai in Kaifeng is dedicated to Gao Shi, Li Bai, Du Fu, He Jingming and Li Mengyang. Later generations called Gao Shi, Cen Can, Wang Changling and Wang Zhihuan "the four frontier poets".
Cen Can (7 15-770), a native of Nanyang, was a poet in the Tang Dynasty, the great-grandson of Prime Minister Cen Wenben, a representative figure of frontier poems, and was also called Gao Cen with Gao Shi. He died at the age of 56. There are 403 existing poems, more than 70 frontier poems, a sense of old age, a Zhao Bei Hakka and two epitaphs. His poems are romantic, magnificent, imaginative, colorful and passionate, especially good at seven-character quatrains.
Wang Zhihuan (688─742), Han nationality, was a famous poet in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. His ancestral home was Jinyang Bingzhou (now Taiyuan, Shanxi), and his great-grandfather moved to Jiangxian County, Shanxi Province. Bold and uninhibited, he often avoids elegies. Many of his poems were sung by musicians at that time and became famous for a while. They often sing with Gao Shi and Wang Changling, and are famous for describing frontier fortress scenery. Representative works include Heron Pavilion and Liangzhou Ci. "The mountain covers the day, and the sea drains the golden river. But as long as you go up a flight of stairs, you can broaden your horizons by 300 miles. This is an eternal swan song. His poems are touching, passionate and deeply loved by the latter. There is not much information about Wang Zhihuan's life, except that he moved from Bingzhou to Jiangzhou (now Xinjiang County, Shanxi Province) in his early years and served as the main book of Hengshui in Jizhou. Li Di, the magistrate of Hengshui County, betrothed his three daughters to him. Because of being slandered, he brushed his clothes and went to the official. "So he swam to the green hills and split the yellow ribbon." The river is thousands of miles away because of its high wind; Fifteen years at home, eating its old virtues. Elegant talk about your nobility, cool and carefree. "Later, he returned to China as Wen 'an county magistrate and died during his tenure.
Meng Jiao, (75 1 ~ 8 14), a poet in Tang Dynasty, was born in Wukang, Huzhou (now Deqing County, Zhejiang Province). My ancestral home is Pingchang (now Linyi County, Dezhou, Shandong Province) and I live in Luoyang (now Henan Province). There are more than 500 existing poems, among which the short five-character ancient poems are the most, and there is no rhyme. His attitude towards poetry is extremely rigorous, often struggling, going deep into danger, and even containing astringency, such as Ode to a Wanderer. Meng Jiao is known as "the poet's prison", as well as Jia Dao, and is called "the suburban island is thin". In the ninth year of Yuanhe, he died in Ganxiang (now Lingbao, Henan).
Jia Dao (779-843), born in Langxian (also known as Langxian) and Fanyang (now Zhuozhou, Hebei), was a poet of the Tang Dynasty in China. Jia Dao was born in a poor family. He used to be a monk and could not be famous. Jia Dao is a famous poet of "Kuyin School", and his famous allusions are "thoughtful". It is said that he pondered two sentences on the donkey's back, that is, "a bird stays in the tree by the pool, and a monk pushes the moon down the door." He repeatedly considered whether to push or hit, and even mistakenly entered Han Yu's ceremonial ceremony. He later said that these two sentences were "two sentences for three years, one tears." Later, people called it "Deliberating and refining words". Jia Dao has Changjiang Collection 10 volume, recorded more than 370 poems, 3 small collections, and poetry anthology 1 volume. [1] Later, he was taught by Han Yu and took part in the imperial examination, but failed to win the first place. Tang Wenzong was excluded and demoted as the main book of the Yangtze River (now Pengxi County, Sichuan Province). At the beginning of Huichang, Tang Wuzong was transferred from Sicang, Zhou Pu to a family, but he didn't die of illness.
Chen Ziang (about 66 1 ~ 702) was a writer in the Tang Dynasty in China and one of the innovative figures in the early Tang Dynasty. The word "Apollo". Zizhou Shehong (now Sichuan) was born. Before taking office, the right gleaned, and later generations called it Chen gleaned. As a teenager, he was generous, Ren Xia. At the age of 24, he was promoted to Jinshi. Wuhou attached great importance to the above political books and gave us orthography. After moving to the right, pick up the sound. He was jailed for "opposing the Party" against Wuhou. At the age of 26 and 36, he joined the army twice and had a certain foresight in border defense. At the age of 38, he resigned and returned to his hometown. Later, he was persecuted by Duan Jian, the county magistrate, and died in prison at the age of 42. There are more than *** 100 existing poems, of which 38 are the most representative, and 7 are presented to the collection of Lujushi in Qiuji and published in Youzhou Tower. His poems are magnificent and far-reaching.
Du (about 645- 708), named Xiangyang (now Xiangyang, Hubei), was born in Xiangzhou, China in the Tang Dynasty, with a bachelor's degree in official literature. When Tang Gaozong Xianheng was a scholar in Tang Zhongzong, he was exiled to Fengzhou (now southeastern Vietnam) because of his association with Zhang Yizhi brothers. He used to be a junior official such as Ji and Luoyang City, and received a bachelor's degree from the Literature Museum. He, together with Li Qiao, Cui Rong and Su Weidao, is called "Four Friends of Articles" and one of the founders of "Modern Poetry" in the Tang Dynasty. His works are simple and natural. Du Fu's poems mainly focus on scenery writing, singing harmony and coping with the system, and he is good at being vigorous. His five-character poems are rigorous in meter. His Five Laws "Looking at Lucheng in Early Spring in Jinling" was praised by Hu Yinglin in Ming Dynasty as the first of the Five Laws in Early Tang Dynasty.