The historicity of Du Fu's poems determines the realistic writing techniques. It is indeed a prominent feature of Du Fu's poetry to enter the poem with current events and face the social reality directly. Du Fu inherited the spirit of patriotism and love for the people in The Book of Songs and Li Sao, developed the fine tradition of "writing current affairs" in the folk songs of the two Han Yuefu Dynasties, and founded a new Yuefu with "nothing to rely on".
Du Fu's classical Yuefu poems, in addition to imitating the meaning of the ancient Yuefu poems in Han and Wei Dynasties, can also create new themes and original styles. For example, "military vehicle shop". This poem, written during Du Fu's exile in Chang 'an, satirizes Tang Xuanzong's belligerence, regardless of people's life and death, and does not use the old Yuefu appellation such as "joining the army", but directly criticizes the shortcomings of the times with his own innovative appellation. In writing, it begins with a farewell tragedy and is a chronicle; From "A Pedestrian Crossing the Cloud" to the grievances of recruiters, the narrator adopts an objective documentary description method for narrative, completely standing on the standpoint of people's sufferings.
The realism of Du Fu's poems not only narrates events, but also pays attention to the description of details. These details, or people, events or artistic conception, are carefully portrayed, and the truth can be seen from the details, which unfolds the picture and introduces people into a certain atmosphere and realm. The Northern Expedition describes what Feng Xiangxing saw and heard on his way to his hometown in Langzhou. He wrote ordinary details, but it is these small descriptions that show a broad historical lie from one angle. It is these small descriptions that make the narrative style of Du Fu's poems different from the previous narrative poems. It has changed from a general description to a fragment of specific events, and because of the details, it has less exaggeration and more truth. The story has been diluted, but the vivid color has been greatly enhanced.
The realism of Du Fu's poems also incorporates strong lyricism, but when it comes to current affairs, it also contains tears and affection. This is not only because he can put himself in the people's shoes, but also because he is a member of ordinary people. As long as he truly tells what he has seen, heard and felt, he becomes the spokesman of the people. Zhuang You and Yin 500 Words from Beijing to Fengxian are both excellent works of this kind. "History of Poetry" is first of all poetry. People are far more interested in reading Du Fu's poems than in reading history, just because it is full of emotional images and contains the joys and sorrows of ordinary people. For example, "Send Eight Guards to Chu Shi": "When friends meet, it is as difficult as the stars in the morning and evening. Tonight is a rare event, and this lamp is candlelight. Two men who were young not long ago now have gray temples. It shocked us to find that half of our friends were dead, which made us sad. " "Mourning for the Head": "Shaoling is always weeping at night, and I am like a spring shadow flowing downstream. Lock the main door of Jiangtou Palace, willow, new rushes, who are you so green for? ! ..... Where are those perfect eyes and those pearly teeth? A blood-stained soul has no home and nowhere to go. The clear water flows eastward, and there is no news after crossing the gap in the watchtower. " Things have changed, and there are countless vicissitudes. This is what people who fled in the war will feel.
Please refer to textbooks P265 and 266 for answer analysis.
Knowledge points of this topic: Du Fu and the poetic history of his poems,