1. According to the content, it can be divided into farewell poems, frontier poems, pastoral poems, nostalgia poems, object-chanting poems, mourning poems, travel notes, in my heart forever poems, war poems, lyric poems and narrative poems.
2. According to the form, it is divided into: ancient poetry (ancient poetry, Chu ci, Yuefu poetry, miscellaneous words, four words, five words, seven words, etc. ), modern poetry, words, songs, new poems.
3. According to genre: fairy tale poems, fable poems and prose poems.
4. According to the country and author: foreign poetry and China poetry.
5. According to the creative method: poetry, folk songs or nursery rhymes.
6. Divided into four-character poems, five-character poems and seven-character poems.
Characteristics of poetry
Poetry is full of the author's thoughts, feelings and rich imagination. The language is concise and vivid, with distinct rhythm, harmonious phonology and rich musical beauty. Sentences are generally in rows, paying attention to the beauty of structure and form.
He Qifang, a modern poet and literary critic in China, once said: "Poetry is the literary style that most strongly reflects social life. It is full of rich imagination and feelings, and it is often expressed in a direct lyrical way. Moreover, in the degree of exquisiteness and harmony, especially in the distinct rhythm, its language and prose are different. "
This definition summarizes several basic characteristics of poetry: first, it reflects life in a highly concentrated and general way; The second is lyrical expression, full of rich thoughts and feelings; Third, rich imagination, association and fantasy; Fourth, language has musical beauty.
technique of expression
There are many ways to express poetry. The traditional way of expression that was first popular in China and is still often used today is "Fu, Bi and Xing". "Preface to Mao Poetry" said: "Therefore, poetry has six meanings: one is wind, the other is fu, the third is comparison, the fourth is pride, the fifth is elegance and the sixth is fu." In the meantime, there is a quatrain called: "Three lights, the sun, the moon and the stars, and four poems are elegant."
In the six meanings, "style, elegance and praise" refers to the types of poems in the Book of Songs, and "Fu, Bi and Xing" are the expressions in poems. Fu: It is a way to express things directly. Zhu, a scholar in the Song Dynasty, said in the Notes on Poems: "The giver must tell the truth." For example, Ge Tan and Slug in The Book of Songs used this technique.