Yu Li
When is the moon in spring and autumn? How much do you know about the past? The small building was easterly again last night, and the old country could not bear to look back on the moon.
Carved fences and jade bricks should still exist, but Zhu Yan changed them. How much sadness can you have? It's just a spring flowing eastward.
From Li Yu's words, it is not difficult to see how talented and clever the romantic emperor is, but he is helpless and deceitful. This romantic genius who only envies "a pot of wine, a pole, and freedom in the boundless waves" was born in the family of emperors, but he was in the last days of national crisis and suffering. Facing the collapse of castles and the loss of mountains and rivers, he could only complain about his helplessness and worry. Maybe it's God's will. It's rich and glorious for the country, but it also bears the sorrow and pain of national subjugation. This special experience has actually made Li Yu's achievements in Ci, which can be described as "the country is unfortunate, but the poet is lucky".
Li Yu's ci can be divided into two stages with the national subjugation as the boundary: before the national subjugation, there were vivid joys and sorrows; After the national subjugation, every word shed blood and tears. Whether it is romance before flowers and under the moon, or sadness of missing the old country, it contains sincere feelings, true feelings and natural carvings, just like clear water hibiscus, which makes people enchanted. The so-called "when is the spring flower and the autumn moon", the so-called "the cold rain comes but the wind comes late" and the so-called "the water falls and the spring goes, all on earth" seems to be just a matter of words, but if there is no pain of national subjugation and flesh and blood, how can it be so touching and helpless! There are many true feelings in the pen, and there are blood and tears between the lines. Li Yu deserves it.
This song "Yu Meiren" is Li Yu's masterpiece, and it is said that it is also his quatrain. The famous sentence "How much sorrow can you have, just like a river flowing eastward" vividly writes the sorrow of life to the extreme and has been widely circulated for thousands of years. Whole word question and answer; From asking for heaven, asking people and asking yourself, through the intense tone and tortuous artistic structure in sadness, the melancholy thought runs through, forming a refreshing aesthetic effect.
"When is the moon in spring flowers? How much do you know about the past? " Spring flowers and autumn moon, beautiful scenery, who does not pity, why ask heaven "when"? Who can understand the sadness in the poet's heart at this moment? The monarch in the south of the Yangtze River, who was originally surrounded by jewels and jade, has become a prisoner who cries when he sings Long song. The flowers in front of us are the same as before, but the past is gone forever. The more beautiful the scenery, the more it hurts his heart! In retrospect, he used to be addicted to money and debauchery all day. In addition to being full of sorrow, the king of national subjugation also has a trace of regret in his heart, so he sincerely hates "how much do you know about the past?"
"The past is only sad", but it is really "easier to see when you are away". In order to avoid adding sorrow, it is better to "don't lean on the fence alone"! But last night, the east wind resumed, and under the bright moon, I boarded the lonely "small building" alone, which triggered how much nostalgia for my old country and how much sadness and sorrow? The word "you" shows that this situation has kept him awake countless times. It is "cutting constantly, the reason is still chaotic, leaving sorrow and parting, and there is no taste in my heart!" You can't stop if you want to! Worried! Worried! Worried!
Imagine that "Carving Jade Fence" should be brilliant, but "Zhu Yan" was nowhere to be found. "Forty years of home country, three thousand miles of mountains and rivers" suddenly drifted away, but it was no longer a dream! How many things have been done between "being" and "changing"? How can you not "cry first"?
The thought of national subjugation, the sorrow of national subjugation and the hatred of national subjugation are the only worries throughout the ages. This heavy sadness, like endless spring water, rolls with hatred and swallows day and night. "Asking how much you can worry about is like a river flowing eastward." This kind of heartfelt pain and passionate feelings, such as weeping, are heartbreaking. "It can be said that people wrote it in blood" (Wang Guowei). Speaking with water, there are ancients before and newcomers after, but no one can surpass Li Yu in artistic conception. Bai Juyi's "How much I want to know is higher than the heap" and Liu Yuxi's "Infinite water is like sorrow" are a bit straightforward, lacking some space in daydreaming; However, Qin Guan's statement that "there are many tears in the riverside, and there are many worries" is overdone, but it weakens the touching power. (Reference: Comment on Ye Jiaying, a New Interpretation of Two Main Words in Southern Tang Dynasty) Li Yu's Spring Water in One River will be full of sadness, and East Flow will show endless sadness. What a "worry" word! "The image is often greater than the thought", which is more likely to cause the voice of * * *, so this sentence has been recited through the ages as soon as it comes out, which can be called a victory in writing the "mourning" sentence.
This song "Young Beauty" is very sad. Obviously, at this time, Li Yu has tasted the pain of prisoners under the order, and even endured endless pain of losing the country. In retrospect, he regretted his weakness and debauchery. People grow up and hate water. When is the spring flower and the autumn moon? In fact, I just want to die quickly, and I hope to end the rest of my life as soon as possible, away from this unbearable pain, echoing "the running water has gone, it is heaven and earth". The last sentence, "How much sorrow can there be, just like a river flowing eastward", tells the myriad sorrows in the chest of a generation of national subjugation. The so-called "but since the water is still flowing, although we cut it with a sword, it is even more sad to raise a glass to drown our sorrows." Endless sadness makes people sad.
Li Yu is the emperor, but his words are not condescending to the emperor. He used pure and natural language to reveal the true feelings of ordinary people. How can he not be contagious and spread all over the world? Shen said: "I often say that governing the country is not good, and the word is still the South King." Wang said: "It is almost true that the emperor in the predicate is worthy of color." Li Yu's ci goes far beyond the artistic conception of flowers, and his vigorous and bitter style has opened up the ci circle in the Northern Song Dynasty. It is not an exaggeration to call him the emperor in ci. And a poem "Yu Meiren" tells all the sorrows of the ages, and makes later generations lament the keen talents and elegant feelings of a generation of romantic talents and emperors.
The whole poem expresses the pain of national subjugation, with profound artistic conception, sincere feelings, exquisite structure and fresh language; Although the words are short, they are memorable.
The following is the English translation of this poem.
Common poppy/corn poppy/poppy
Yu Li
When is the moon in spring and autumn? How much do you know about the past? The small building was easterly again last night, and the old country could not bear to look back on the moon.
Carved fences and jade bricks should still exist, but Zhu Yan changed them. How much sadness can you have? It's just a spring flowing eastward.
Translation 1:
Meiren Yu
Autumn moon and spring flowers bloom for too long.
I wonder how much they know about my past.
Last night, the spring breeze blew into the upstairs room—
Remind me too much of my melancholy now.
How can I recall my motherland in the bright moonlight-
There is no sense of frustration or despair at all.
The palace should still be there as before-
There are carved railings; Jade-like steps
It is only here that my predicament needs to be changed.
My once rosy face has turned pale.
If I am asked how much pain I have experienced,
Strange! It is like running water, flowing eastward. (translated by Xu Zhongjie)
Translation 2:
The lost land was recalled.
Tune: "Yu Meiren"
When will there be no autumn moon and spring flowers?
For me, who has so many unforgettable times?
My attic stood in the spring breeze last night.
Remind me cruelly of the lost land of moonlight.
Carved railings and marble steps must still be there.
But a rosy face can't be fair.
If you ask me how much my sadness has increased,
Just look at the rivers flowing eastward!