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June 2006
Since the beginning of the imperial examination in Sui Dynasty, the imperial examination has become the only way for scholars to enter the official career. Because it is related to prosperity, everyone dreams of becoming the top scholar, but after all, few people are satisfied, so there are great joys and sorrows, which are often expressed between the lines.
Always boasting about the best things in the world, tied for the first place with the wedding night as a special happy event. When people are happy, their spirits are bright. Those who want to be the first are like spring breeze, and they are very proud of themselves. The masterpiece is Jiao's After Graduation:
The previous filth was not enough to brag, but now there is no end to debauchery. In the spring breeze, this proud horse runs at the speed of two beats. I visited all the sights of Chang 'an gracefully in one day.
It was not until the Tang Dynasty that the rookie held various celebrations to show his brilliance, one of which was to visit the famous garden in Chang 'an, Kyoto. The poet is intoxicated with the bright future, and the poverty in the past is not worth mentioning.
Wang Jianzhong, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, was also in high spirits, and wrote: A scholar is promoted to a subject, and nine families are honored.
Bai Juyi, one of the three great poets in the Tang Dynasty, was admitted as a scholar at the age of 27, the youngest among 17 new scholars. After attending the "Wild Goose Pagoda" in Chang 'an, he was so excited that he couldn't sleep at night and wrote the poem "Deng Di", full of lofty sentiments:
Sheenta is the youngest of seventeen people.
Bai Juyi has "Saving the World", which also describes the joy and high spirits after to be no.1:
Don't hate pride. A horseshoe disease brings back homesickness in spring.
Tang Yuanhao's "Afterwork" compares himself to a fairy on Penglai Island, and is like Wan Li's soaring Dapeng, boasting that it is not difficult to win the laurel in the Moon Palace:
The gold list hangs high and the surname is true, and it is clearly folded into a spring.
Peng Ying first met the immortal couple, while Jiang Hai returned to thinking about farmers and fishermen.
90,000 helped to flap the wings, and it took ten years of hard work.
Fair in peacetime, I don't think Longmen is a dangerous surprise.
Liang Hao of the Song Dynasty tried again and again, but he was not discouraged. He studies as hard as a freshman, and there is a saying that heaven rewards diligence. Finally, at the age of eighty-two, he won the Jinshi, and Qin nodded as the champion. When he was excited, he wrote:
White-headed tired, eight years younger; Qingyun will take another two years to get the road.
This old scholar is really tough. He claimed to be eight years younger than Fu Sheng who taught Shangshu, and only two years older than Jiang Ziya, the founding hero of Zhou Wenwang!
For most candidates, Sun Shan's fate is inevitable, and their disappointment and pain can be imagined. Many candidates in the Tang Dynasty didn't go home after failing the exam, but stayed in Chang 'an, Kyoto, not only to prepare for the next exam, but also because they didn't have the face to meet their elders in Jiangdong. As usual, they built "Falling in Chang 'an":
Fortunately, my family is still in Qin, and I got lost in the Ming Dynasty. I'm afraid Yinger from every hometown will spend a spring in Chang 'an with a smile.
The gist of these seven laws is: Are you ashamed of not being on the list? I'm afraid the oriole flowers and plants will laugh at me after I return home, so I'd better stay in Chang 'an for another year.
Dou's poem "Leaving Home for the Master of Chang 'an" is also a pity, but he changed to a faceless object, which means that he stayed in Chang 'an in sorrow and forgot the arrival of spring. Only when he heard it did he know that wicker sprouted. After years of loneliness, he returned to his hometown. He was really embarrassed to say goodbye to the owner of Chang 'an Inn:
When the guests were worried about spring, Wen Ying began to sigh that wicker was new. Every year when I go back to the East, I am ashamed to see the old master of Chang 'an.
As the saying goes, there are many men who cry because of setbacks in the examination room, and more people try not to cry every year. Please see Qian Qi's Chang 'an Accommodation:
There are countless flowers, and the dark flowers are nine doors deep, and the tears are full of sorrow. A few days, Yinger's flowers have lost all their feathers, rejuvenated and sad.
Some people died because they couldn't write the word "Breaking Bad". According to the Qing dynasty notes "cold Lu miscellaneous knowledge", Xianfeng years, Zhejiang (now Shaoxing), a candidate named Hu Jiangnan after having obtained an examination, in the paper topic cloud:
Deep in the loess bushes, white bones sleep, and the desolate land is foggy in autumn. You don't need to make a record of entering the industry. Cultivating Yuanyang is a fairy.
Before the list was published, the candidate died of nameless despair again and again. No wonder the ancients listed the failure of the imperial examination as one of the four greatest defeats in the world:
Widows cry with their children, generals are captured by the enemy and humiliated by maids.
(Source: Hong Kong Ta Kung Pao: Lu Maoqing)
2. Zhu Qingyu's Letter to Secretary Zhang on the Eve of Jinshi is a poem reflecting the imperial examination system.
Last night, the candles in the bridal chamber were lit all night, waiting for dawn to worship the parents-in-law.
Make-up whispered to her husband, is thrush fashionable or not?
The title is "Dedicated to Secretary Zhang on the Eve of the Imperial Examination", which can help readers understand the meaning of this poem. In the Tang dynasty, scholars who wanted to take the imperial examination had the habit of writing papers for celebrities, hoping to praise them and introduce them to the assistant minister who presided over the examination. The object of Zhu Qingyu's poem is Dr. Zhang Ji from the Ministry of Water Resources. At that time, Zhang Jihe Han Yu was equally famous because he was good at literature and was willing to be promoted. Zhu Qingyu usually writes papers for him and has always been appreciated by him. The exam is coming, and he is afraid that his work may not meet the requirements of the examiner. Because Fu Gong handed me a cangue and ordered a lotus flower, I compared myself to the bride, the groom to Zhang, and the in-laws to the examiner. He wrote this poem for Zhang Ji's advice.
3. Who were the celebrities who took the imperial examinations in ancient times? 1, Wang Wei.
The highest achievement in poetry and painting was Wang Wei, the champion of Xin Weike in the 19th year of Tang Kaiyuan (73 1). He is a representative of the pastoral school of landscape poetry in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, and his poetic art is praised as "from Li (Bai) to Du (Fu), which should be the first". His paintings are known as "the ancestor of painting in the Southern Song Dynasty". Su Dongpo, a famous writer, praised Wang Wei for "painting in poetry and poetry in painting", while Dong Qichang, a famous painter in Ming Dynasty, said that "literati painting began in Wang Youcheng (Wang Wei)".
2. Zhang
Zhang, the top scholar in Yuanhe Nine Years (8 14) in Tang Dynasty, made the greatest contribution to the study of tea ceremony in China. He wrote The Book of brew tea and commented on the advantages and disadvantages of various kinds of spring tea frying. It is another important research work on tea ceremony in China after Lu Yu's Tea Classic.
He was also an imperial examination wizard who won the first prize in three big exams, namely, Xie Yuan, Huiyuan and Champion. In history, only 17 people have won "Lian Yuan".
3. wang pu
The highest achievement in historiography was wang pu, the first scholar in the second year of the Five Dynasties (949). He compiled 100 volume of Tang Yaohui and 30 volumes of Five Dynasties Conference. These two sets of books are not only rich in historical materials, but also formally establish the style and method of text classification and compilation, which is followed by future generations. This contribution is called "great achievement" by the summary of Siku.
4. Zhang Xiaoxiang
Zhang Xiaoxiang (1132-1170), alias Anguo, was born in Wujiang, Liyang (now Wujiang Town, Anhui Province) and Yinxian, Mingzhou (now Yinzhou District, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province). Famous poet and calligrapher in Southern Song Dynasty. The seventh grandson of Tang Dynasty poet Zhang Ji. In the twenty-fourth year of Shaoxing (1 154), Zhang Xiaoxiang was the first scholar, awarded the position of assistant minister, and signed a book for Dong Jun.
5. Wen Tianxiang
Wen Tianxiang (1June 6, 236-12831October 9), formerly known as Sun Yun, was named Song Rui with a good word. Road number floating Taoist, Wenshan people. Luling, Jizhou County, Jiangxi Province (now futian town, Qingyuan District, Ji 'an City, Jiangxi Province) was a politician, writer, patriotic poet, famous anti-Yuan minister and national hero at the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, and together with Lu Xiufu and Zhang Shijie, he was also called "three outstanding men in the end of the Song Dynasty". Baoyu was the first scholar in four years (1256).
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4. Han Yu, a celebrity in the Tang Dynasty.
Biography of Ouyang Zhan, a Book of the New Tang Dynasty: "A scholar is associated with Han Yu, Cui Qun, Wang Ya, Su Feng and Cheng Geng. The world is chosen, and it is called the Dragon and Tiger List. "
Jia Ling, Han Yu, Ouyang Zhan and other Tang people born out of this list are remembered today after 12 17 because of their immortal wisdom (outstanding achievements) in solidly promoting history and their super influence without being bound by time and space. For example, a poem written by later generations to commemorate Ouyang Zhan in the Tang Dynasty: "The style of writing is unprecedented, and it is famous in the town"; And the poem written in memory of Han Yu after the Tang Dynasty: "The south is worth eight thousand miles, which is better than the whole country", and so on, abound.