"Drinking (5)" the original:
Building a house is human, and there are no horses and chariots.
What can you do? The heart is far from being self-centered.
Picking chrysanthemums under the east fence, you can see Nanshan leisurely.
The mountains are getting better and better, and the birds are back.
That makes sense. I forgot what I wanted to say.
Instructions for drinking (5):
(1) Building a house: Building a house means living here.
(2) Vehicle and horse noise: refers to the noise of secular communication.
(3) Jun: refers to the author himself.
(4) He Nengrer: Why? Joel: Mm-hmm.
(5) carefree: the appearance of self-satisfaction.
(6) See: See (read jiàn), verb.
(7) Nanshan: generally refers to the mountain peak and one refers to Lushan Mountain.
(8) Evening: Evening. Stage: intersection, companionship.
(9) Return: Go back together.
Translation of drinking (Part V);
Living in the world, there is no noise of horses and chariots.
Ask me why. As long as I aim high, I will naturally feel that my place is secluded.
Picking chrysanthemums under the east fence, leisurely, Nanshan in the distance comes into view.
The smell in the mountains and the scenery in the evening are very good, and birds come back with their companions.
It contains the true meaning of life. I want to identify it, but I don't know how to express it
The creative background of drinking (5);
This poem was written in the twelfth year after the poet returned to the field, that is, in 4 17 AD, just before the demise of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. The author was filled with emotion, and wrote lofty aspirations by drowning his worries in wine.
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The artistic conception of this poem can be divided into two layers, and the first four sentences are one layer, which shows the poet's mood after getting rid of secular troubles. The last six sentences are on the first floor, which describes the beautiful night scene of Nanshan and the infinite fun that poets get from it. It shows the poet's true feelings and noble personality of loving rural life.
At the beginning of the poem "Building a house on earth, but no chariots and horses", the author says that although he lives on earth, he has no secular communication to disturb him. What worries people who have no cars or horses? Because "the heart is far away from itself", as long as the heart can get rid of the shackles of the secular, even in a noisy environment, it is like living in a secluded place. Tao Yuanming's early years were full of the ideal of making contributions, and he went to the official position several times only to realize his ambition of saving the world. But when he saw that "Zhen Feng died, it was a great prosperity", the officialdom was turbulent and sinister, secular fraud and corruption, and the whole society was corrupt and dark, he chose the road of leading an honest and clean life, living in seclusion in the countryside and devoting himself to self-financing. These four sentences, "Building a house depends on human feelings", are written about his feelings after getting rid of the interference of secular environment. The so-called "distant mind" means that the mind does not care about the field of fame and fortune, and love is not the door of the powerful, but beyond the worldly customs. Because these four sentences have profound meanings and deep feelings, the predecessors marveled at their "exquisite literary talent".
"What can I ask you? The "far heart" in the "far heart" is to stay away from the officialdom, to go further, to stay away from the secular and to be free from vulgarity. [4] Rejecting the socially recognized value scale and exploring where the author establishes the basic point of life involves Tao Yuanming's philosophical thought. This kind of philosophy can be called "natural philosophy", which not only includes a self-cultivation and family-oriented lifestyle, but also deepens the unity and harmony between human life and nature. In Tao Yuanming's view, man not only exists in society and the relationship between people, but more importantly, every individual life, as an independent spiritual subject, directly faces the whole nature and universe.
If these principles are written directly, poetry will become a paper. So the author just puts philosophy in the image. The poet picked chrysanthemums at will in his own garden, and occasionally looked up to see Nanshan. According to the law of the ancients in China, "leisurely seeing Nanshan" can be interpreted as "leisurely seeing Nanshan" or "leisurely seeing Nanshan". Therefore, this kind of "leisure" belongs not only to people, but also to mountains. People are leisurely and comfortable, and the mountains are quiet and lofty. At that moment, it seemed as if there was a melody emanating from people's hearts and between mountains, with the same meaning, and melted into a light music.
"Picking chrysanthemums under the hedge, leisurely see Nanshan. These four sentences describe the poet's carefree expression of the spiritual world and natural scenery after his retirement. Picking chrysanthemums in Dongli, occasionally looking up and seeing Nanshan. In the evening, the scenery of Nanshan is very good, the fog lingers between the peaks and the birds return together. The poet thought of his seclusion from the beautiful scenery of Nanshan and realized the philosophy of returning to simplicity. Birds come and go in the evening, and the mountain is their home; I have been away from home many times, and finally I will return to the countryside, which is also my home. The poet once wrote in "Come home to Xi Ci": "Clouds come out of the hole unintentionally, and birds know it when they are tired of flying. "He takes larks as a metaphor, and the clouds are unintentional, just as he has no intention of being an official; Birds are tired of flying, just as I hate officialdom and hide. The two sentences of "birds are in harmony" in this poem are exactly the same as the two sentences of "returning to Xi Ci".
The ancients spoke highly of the phrase "picking chrysanthemums under the hedge". Zhang Jie said, "Under the hedge, you can see Nanshan leisurely." At present, this kind of scenery is invisible, not idle and quiet. This taste is beyond our reach. "So, what is Jason's" taste "? Why do you say "this taste is out of reach"? As we know, Tao's poems are simple and natural, so the word "plain" is often used by predecessors to summarize his poetic style. The plainness of Tao poetry comes from "group beauty", which is plain and interesting, light and tasteful. This seemingly plain but mellow feature is actually a higher artistic realm and a well-known ability. Zhang Jie's "taste" is the mellow charm of Tao poetry. There are many reasons why this charm is out of reach. Leaving aside the conditions of literary accomplishment and artistic ability, we can say that this charm can only be written by a poet like Tao Yuanming who is unwilling to follow the fashion and make waves, that is to say, only a person with a far-sighted and "carefree" mood can write it.
"That makes sense. I forgot what I wanted to say." At the end of the poem, the poet said that he realized the interest of life from the beautiful scenery of nature and showed a pure and natural calm state of mind. "Here" in the poem can be understood as here and now (by the fence in autumn night) or as the whole country life. The so-called "forgetting words" actually means that a beautiful and leisurely pastoral life is your real life, and the joy of this life can only be understood, unspeakable and unspeakable. This fully embodies the poet's noble character of being poor, being happy and inspiring. These two sentences say that there is the true meaning of life here. I want to distinguish it, but I forget how to express it in words. Generally speaking, "forgetting words" means that you don't know what language to use to express it, but you can only understand it and can't explain it. "The most affectionate words are silent", the word "truth" is emphasized here, and it is pointed out that resigning and retiring is the true meaning of life.
Building a House by Drinking, in the people's realm, describes autumn scenery in plain language, narrates the joy of seclusion and teaches the philosophy of life, which is both interesting and interesting, and achieves the unity of emotion, scenery and reason. Especially "What can you do?" ? The words "the heart is far from self-biased", "there is truth in it, and I have forgotten what I want to say" and "it is quiet and simple, with a natural charm" are more artistic charm.
This poem is also a typical representative of the artistic style of Tao poetry. In addition to the general characteristics of Tao poetry, it is more interesting, more fluent, more natural in tone and more cordial in appearance.
About the author:
Tao Yuanming (365 ~ 427) was a poet, ci writers and essayist in Jin Dynasty. Also known as Qian, the word is bright, and the number is Mr. Wu Liu, private. Xunyang Chaisang (now southwest of Jiujiang, Jiangxi) was born. Born in a declining bureaucratic family. Great-grandfather Tao Kan was the founding father of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, his grandfather was a satrap, his father died young, and his mother was the daughter of Meng Jia, a famous person in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Tao Yuanming's life can be roughly divided into three periods. In the first period, before the age of 28, he lived in poverty since childhood because of his father's early death. In the second period, I studied as an official, from 29 years old in 393 (the 18th year of Emperor Xiaowu of Jin Dynasty) to 465,438+0 years old in 405 (the first year of Yixi in Jin 'an). In the third period, he returned to the field and died from 406 (the second year of Yixi) to 427 (the fourth year of Yuanjia, Song Wendi). More than 20 years after back in the game was the most abundant period of his creation. Tao Yuanming, known as the "hermit poet", initiated the integration of landscape pastoral poetry. The artistic achievements of Tao's poetry have been respected since the Tang Dynasty, and even regarded as "the fundamental principle of poetry". There are 125 poems and 12 articles handed down from generation to generation, and later generations compiled it as Tao Yuanming's Collection.