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When we try to understand Mr. Lu Xun, we are actually trying to explain a modern cultural history of China. Lu Xun's struggle against fallacies and uncompromising attitude towards life in the dark made him lonely in China-he was too advanced. He put forward in "Wild Grass": "I am cold when I sing wildly; See the abyss in the sky. I can't see anything in everyone's eyes; Saving Hopeless shows a new way of thinking that most people in China could not understand at that time.
As for the writing background of "Weeds", Lu Xun mentioned: "The group of new youth has dispersed, some have been promoted, some have retired, and some have advanced. I have experienced that the same partner in the battle will still change like this, and I will eventually become a writer and still walk around in the desert. However, writing in a rambling journal is unavoidable, which is called rambling. When I have a small feeling, I will write some short essays. What is more exaggerated is prose poems, which will be printed into a book called "Weeds". "
Autumn Night was first published in the third issue of 1 92465438+February1Yusi, which is the first article of Weeds. It was the ebb tide of the May 4th New Culture Movement, and the revolutionary camp split. Lu Xun's inner world is full of loneliness and hesitation. However, the loneliness and hesitation this time are completely different from the loneliness and depression after the failure of the Revolution of 1911 more than ten years ago. The failure of the Revolution of 1911 made the author "at a loss, as if he were in a boundless wasteland"; This time, although the author has a sense of loneliness and hesitation, he is not depressed and pessimistic, but actively explores and thinks. He was sober when he hesitated, and he was a fighter with indomitable fighting spirit when faced with difficult choices. Weeds is the crystallization of the author's active exploration and pursuit of spirit. In addition, the depth of criticism in Weeds is still worrying.
As the opening work of Weeds, Autumn Night vividly conveys Mr. Lu Xun's thoughts on the way of life survival and struggle by using symbolic techniques from beginning to end, through portraying the individual image of life and thinking about its fate.
On such a late autumn night, the author stood in the backyard and saw two jujube trees standing alone for the first time: "In my backyard, you can see two trees outside the wall, one is jujube and the other is jujube." In the rhetorical sense, repetition is used here; Judging from its expression effect, this writing method makes the image of jujube tree more vivid and prominent, which can give people a warning. Judging from people's psychological state and living habits, under what circumstances do people talk like this? What kind of psychological state does this expression convey to the author? First of all, from the visual effect analysis, "one is a jujube tree, and the other is a jujube tree." It gives people a monotonous feeling and conveys a psychological feeling of loneliness, depression, helplessness and nothing to say; From the object of description, two jujube trees grow independently in the vast and empty background, giving people a sense of loneliness, while the jujube tree is tall and straight, which can better show its aloof character and the spirit of desperate resistance. This seemingly simple repetition shows a complex emotion and charm, which not only dominates the whole text in structure and lays the emotional tone for the following, but also implies the theme significance of the poem in the process of image description.
The author interweaves the real scene of autumn night with rich associations, giving autumn night a profound meaning. When he looked up, there was a "strange and high" night sky ... the Buddha was leaving this world. He looked particularly gloomy, empty and melancholy, blinking the cold eyes of the stars, "smiling at the quarrel seems meaningful." It shows its insidious hypocrisy. From this, the author also thought that the frost in autumn night would destroy flowers and plants, so he returned to the wild flowers and tiny pink flowers on the ground, "dreaming in the cold night air." Dreaming of what ... turning to the jujube tree, thinking of children beating dates, skin trauma on the trunk, bare leaves and iron branches stabbing into the sky silently, so I turned my eyes to the sky again and saw the "pale moon, stabbed by the jujube tree ... the tree-the sky, jumping around with consciousness, changing angles freely, and turning from vision to hearing ... and hearing inexplicable laughter. With the change of environment, the fluctuation of consciousness flows into the room again ... Seeing "a scarlet mast painted in one corner" on the cover of white paper naturally reminds me of the summer when the mast blooms. " At that time, the jujube tree will have a dream of a pink flower, which will turn into a green and lonely shape ... "This idea of repeated entanglement was just about to be repeated, and the author immediately interrupted it and returned to the caterpillar.
All these things seem to be chaotic on the surface, changing with time and space and flowing with consciousness, with great leap and obvious subjective color. But at the same time, it does not violate the natural laws of autumn night. Every object has its unique image and action, and all these changes are unified in the author's confused and contradictory thoughts and feelings at that time ... praising the little caterpillar for pursuing light, but petite and blind ... dreaming of spring, but timid. The author's self-confidence began to be doubted, and his personality fell into conflict-he split himself into things and natural things to express his fierce struggle. This complex and contradictory emotion is vividly expressed by the author in the way of free association.
Generally speaking, symbolism mostly expresses pessimism and despair about life, while Weeds vaguely expresses the author's yearning for a better life. Whether writing about nature or society, writing about people or writing about things, they all shine with ideal light and yearning for a better future. Although sometimes the author's contradiction and depression are unavoidable in his works, it is such an emotion that he dares to dissect himself mercilessly, is diligent in thinking and cares about life, which makes the author constantly redefine his position in society, measure his value, and finally extricate himself from depression and vagrancy caused by the conflict between old and new selves and between self and society.