Learning guidance goal
1, repeatedly read and recite poems with emotion.
2. Understand the knowledge about poetry and the thoughts and feelings expressed by poetry.
3. Taste the language of poetry and appreciate the artistic conception of poetry; Cultivate the ability to appreciate poetry and improve the cultivation of ancient poetry.
4. Cultivate the thoughts and feelings of loving the ancient cultural knowledge of the motherland, and improve the cultural taste and aesthetic taste.
Class plan
1 class hour
Teaching guidance:
1, autonomous learning allows students to learn independently around the knowledge points in the first step.
(1) To guide the goal, students should carefully read the text and related reference materials, capture key paragraphs, sentences and words in the text, and try to independently complete the thinking questions in the second and third steps to prepare for the exhibition and communication.
(2) Record the difficult problems and the unsolved problems in self-study for cooperative exploration.
Step 2 study together
(1) Each group sends 1-2 representatives to show the answers to the second and third steps, and under the unified arrangement of the group leader, they cooperate with other members in the group to complete the thinking questions of the third step.
(2) discuss with each other at the same table, and discuss in groups when differences cannot be reached; If the group can't reach an agreement, the group leader will record it for the whole class to discuss.
(3) In class discussion, the teacher can't give an answer at once, and then give guidance and enlighten thinking after the sparks of students' thinking fully collide.
The first step: comb the knowledge and lay a solid foundation.
1, difficult word
(1) Pronunciation
Jie Shi (Jie) Lian (Dan) Lian Zhi (S ǒ ng zhi)
(2) Significance
Hold your head high.
Lucky, even: very lucky.
The way forward for passengers.
Black crow: A crow that returns to its nest at dusk.
Heartbroken: describes grief to the extreme.
2. The author's business card
Cao Cao (AD 155-220), whose real name is Meng De, was born in Peiguoqiao County (now Bo County, Anhui Province). Politicians, militarists and poets in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. Cao Ai-shi is good at writing Yuefu Ci, and there are 21 poems today. His works include the lost Wei Wudi Collection. His poems are neat and gorgeous, generous and sad, expressing his political ambitions and reflecting the tragic life of the people at the end of the Han Dynasty.
Wang Wan was born in Luoyang (now Henan), and the date of birth and death is unknown. Poets in Tang Dynasty. In the first year of congenital (7 12), he was a Jinshi and an official in Luoyang.
Li Bai (70 1-762), named Taibai, was a poet in the Tang Dynasty and a native of the Western Regions. Poetry has the characteristics of romanticism and rich imagination, and its works are included in The Complete Works of Li Taibai.
Ma Zhiyuan: No. Dongli, most of them are from Beijing. Famous Sanqu composer in Yuan Dynasty. He created 15 kinds of zaju in his life, such as Autumn in the Han Palace, Tears in Shirts, Clifford Monument, Yueyang Tower, Ma Danyang, and Dream of the Huangliangmeng, and he was also called the four famous zaju in Yuan Dynasty with Guan Hanqing, Wang Shifu and Bai Pu. He also wrote more than 200 poems and collections, which were compiled into Dongli Yuefu by later generations. He ranked first among the writers of Sanqu in Yuan Dynasty. In his works, Sanqu can better reflect his style; Among Sanqu, Tianjingsha 6 1 Qiu Si is the most famous poem. Zhou Deqing, a poet in Yuan Dynasty, praised it as "the ancestor of Qiu Si" and Wang Guowei praised it as "the best poem".
3. Cultural and sports links
Yuefu poetry: Yuefu poetry refers to the poems collected and preserved by the royal Yuefu system in Han Dynasty or the music management organ equivalent to Yuefu function. According to its functions, Yuefu poems in Han Dynasty are mainly divided into two parts. Part of it is a temple song in which the rulers sacrifice their ancestors' gods, and its nature is the same as the "ode" in the Book of Songs; The other part is a collection of folk music without a name, which is called Yuefu folk songs internationally. "Shang Mo Sang" and
Guide to learning methods 1:
In view of the expression technique in step 2
Appreciation of Poetry from the Perspective of Expression Techniques
(1) Set off: Set off one thing against another to make the latter more emotional.
(2) Contrast: Through profile description, the object to be represented is obviously prominent.
(3) Rendering: Detailed description to enhance the effect.
(4) Restraint: Don't tell the truth from the front, write from the back first, belittle or praise, and then reveal the true intention. No matter whether it is first promoted and then suppressed or first promoted and then suppressed, the latter should be emphasized. The use of cadence makes poetry ups and downs and swaying in a short space.
(5) Expression of ambition and symbol: Through the description and discussion of something or something, the feelings and thoughts to be expressed are expressed more implicitly.
(6) See the big from the small: reflect major themes from ordinary and subtle things.
(7) Writing static by moving: By describing "moving", it embodies "static", and its "static" is more obvious.
(8) Remembering the past hurts the present, borrowing the past to satirize the present: remembering the past and sentimentalizing the reality.
(9) Combination of reality and excess: combination of reality and excess. It can greatly enrich images, open up artistic conception and provide a broad aesthetic space.
Peacock Flying Southeast is a folk song of Han Yuefu and the longest narrative poem in ancient China. Peacock Flying Southeast and Mulan Poetry are both called "Yuefu Shuangbi".
Yuefu poems in the Han Dynasty are generally untitled, and the title "Viewing the Sea" was added by later generations. Yuefu poems can be sung. The last two sentences of the poem, "Fortunately, Lian, singing with ambition", were added at the concert, and they are the attachments of the poem, which have nothing to do with the content of the poem.
Rhyme: Rhyme originated from Shen Yue's new-style poems which paid attention to rhythm and duality in the Qi-Yong period of the Southern Dynasty. It was formally formed in Shen Quanqi and Song Wenzhi in the early Tang Dynasty and matured in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Rhyme requires the unity of the number of words in the poem, and each poem is five-character, six-character and seven-character sentences, which are referred to as five laws, six laws and seven laws, among which six laws are relatively rare. There are five words in each sentence of a berth under the North Fort Mountain, so it is called five-character rhyme, which is referred to as five laws for short; There are seven words in each sentence of Qiantang Spring Tour, so it is called seven-character rhythm poem, which is referred to as seven laws for short.
Every two sentences of a metrical poem is a couplet, which is quadrupled with * * *. The first couplet (1 and 2 sentences) is called "first couplet" (or first couplet), the second couplet (3 and 4 sentences) is called "parallel couplet", the third couplet (5 and 6 sentences) is called "neck couplet" and the fourth couplet. Rhyme is difficult to write because it is both flat and rhyming.
Step 2: Reading Looking at the Sea, I heard that Wang Changling moved to Longbiao Kiln and sent it here.
(1) Looking at the Sea
1. How to understand the sentence "Cash sees the sea in the East"?
The communication points out that "Kash looks at the sea in the East", and points out the observation place and object at the beginning. Although these two sentences are not written directly to people, we seem to see Cao Cao's heroism in climbing mountains and looking at the sea. The word "Guan" dominates the whole poem and is the clue of the whole poem. The following is what I saw and heard when I climbed the mountain according to the word "Guan".
2. Which poems best reflect the author's broad mind? What kind of feelings does the poet use to describe the sea?
Ac dial (1) for the trip to the sun and the moon, and if it goes out, it will be retired; Han is a talented star, if you take him by surprise.
(2) The image of the sea is the embodiment of the poet's image. When he was full of ambition, he used the image of the sea to express his desire to make contributions, and wrote magnificent poems that were recited through the ages.
3. "The trip to the sun and the moon, if it comes from it; "A brilliant star, a brilliant Han, if you take it by surprise" is the * * * of the whole poem. What kind of expression does the author use? How is the expression effect?
The author of Communication and Inspiration creates an extremely open artistic conception through exaggeration, which adds a positive romantic color to poetry. The poet's association with the great scenes of nature such as the sun, the moon and the stars is inseparable from the embrace of the sea. Imagination is strange and open-minded, permeating the poet's own ambition and high-spirited spirit. It shows the poet's ambition to turn the tide and rebuild the world, and shapes the heroic image of self-heroism.
In this poem, the poet expressed his ambition to make contributions. What means does the poet use to express his feelings?
3-8 sentences in correspondence poems describe the sea and mountain islands in real life; Sentence 9- 12 shows the spirit that the sea devours the sun, the moon and the stars, and it is an imaginary scene. The combination of reality and reality, lyrical with scenery, describes the magnificent scenery of the sea, shows a broad mind and expresses the grand ambition of unifying the world.
(2) "I heard that Wang Changling left and moved to Longbiao Kiln to deliver this."
There are many sights in spring. Why did the author choose Huayang and Zigui to write? Tell me your understanding.
"Huayang" is drifting, giving people the feeling of drifting, and "Zigui" crow means sadness; The poet chose these two kinds of scenery in late spring, which rendered the sad atmosphere and integrated his feelings into the scenery.
2. What kind of sadness does the poet place on the bright moon in this poem?
Convey and enlighten the poet's deep thoughts and worries about his friends.
Step 3: Enjoy berthing under Beibao Mountain and Tianjin Sha Qiu Si.
(a) "A mooring at the foot of North Battery Hill"
1, what are the four parts of the poem written? What is the relationship between quadruple?
The first link of communication and guidance: guidance. "Castle Peak" refers to Beigushan, and the poet is on the boat at the moment. "Guest Road" refers to the way forward for travelers. Imagine that after the ship arrives in Zhenjiang, it is necessary to go to other places by mail, which means traveling around the world.
Zhuan Xu: Write about the scenery I saw on the boat. The words "flat", "wide", "vertical" and "hanging" are well refined: "tidal flat" makes both sides look wide; "The wind is positive" and the sails will hang. The sentence "Chaoping" paved the way for the sentence "Jiang Chun" in the necklace.
Necklace: Write the scenery and point out the season. "Residual night" refers to the time when the night is about to pass. Last night, there was a high tide in the East China Sea, and the spring came on the river in the old year-how time passed so quickly without emotion!
Tail couplet: the poet has been away from home for a long time, and the New Year has arrived, which is the time for family reunion, and he has traveled in a foreign country for a long time. What's shameful about seeing this? From this, he naturally thought of borrowing geese to deliver letters. The whole poem reveals true feelings and blends scenes.
2. Which poems directly express homesickness?
"I can finally send my messenger, the wild goose, to return to Luoyang" directly expresses homesickness at the end of the communication link. The whole poem is shrouded in faint homesickness.
3. "This sentence ..." Night now gives way to the ocean of the sun, and the old year melts in freshness "has always been a famous saying. What do you think should be understood?
The author of Communication Coach regards "Sun" and "Spring" as symbols of new and beautiful things, personifies them with "Life" and "Ru", and endows them with human will and emotion.
(2) Tianjin Sha 6 1 Qiu Si
1. What scenes are listed in the first three lines of this song? What kind of atmosphere did you render?
The communication pointed out that the old vine, the old tree, the faint crow, the small bridge, the flowing water, the ancient road, the west wind and the thin horse.
The first three sentences render a sad and lonely atmosphere. The withered vines, old trees and crows shrouded in boundless twilight present a bleak and desolate scene.
The homing of crows reflects the homeless vagrancy of vagrants. Family reunion by the small bridge and flowing water reveals the traveler's yearning for a quiet and warm home life, and also reflects the bitterness of having a home to return to. The cold wind blows hard, and a bony old horse trudges on the winding ancient road. Thinking about traveling, taking advantage of the natural scenery, people can't finish thinking.
2. What is the function of the sentence "Broken-hearted people are at the end of the world" in the text?
The communication points out the main idea of the full text: ravens also know how to cast trees to inhabit, and people beside the small bridge and flowing water also have shelter, while wanderers riding thin horses can only run around on the ancient westerly road. "Sunset", like blood, can add a bleak atmosphere in the twilight. The word "Tianya", with the cooperation of the sunset, aggravates the sad and decadent color, telling the heavy footsteps and infinite sadness of travelers through the ages.
3. How does this poem express the author's thoughts and feelings?
This poem "Communication and Instruction" expresses feelings for things, and through the description of many natural scenery, it expresses the bitterness and sadness of tourists wandering around the world.
Summarize the text and expand it.
1, summary writing
Looking at the Sea adopts the writing method of blending scenes and setting each other off into interest, and expresses the author's lofty ambition by combining the scenery on the sea with his own ambition.
"A berth under the North Fort Mountain" is painted with emotion and with reason, which not only depicts the scene truly and accurately, but also shows the philosophy of life with universal significance.
Tianjingsha 6 1 Qiu Si adopts the traditional writing method of expressing feelings for the scenery, and vividly shows the original abstract and difficult-to-express sadness with the help of landscape pictures.
"I heard that Wang Changling and Long Biao moved to Zuoyao once had this letter." It is full of emotion and imagination, and the language is subtle and concise.
2. Expansion and extension
Please collect some poems about "heart", "ambition" and "homesickness".
(1) Worry about the world first, then enjoy it. (Fan Zhongyan's "Yueyang Tower")
One day, I will ride the wind and waves, sail straight up and cross the deep sea. (Li Bai's "Hard to Walk")
Once you reach the top of the mountain, you will see that all the other mountains look short under the sky ... (Du Fu's "Looking at Yue")
(4) Tonight, I wonder who will stay in Qiu Si? (Wang Jian's "Looking at the Moon for Fifteen Nights and Sending it to Du Lang")
(5) He knows that the dew will be frost tonight, and how bright the moonlight is at home! . (Du Fu's Remembering Brothers on a Moonlit Night)
blackboard-writing design
View the sea and water: Lianshan Island: Ran Zhi (magnificent) Trees: Clusters of fragrant grass: lush (prosperous posture) Real scene-expressing the sun and the moon through the scenery: if the stars are out: if the virtual scenery (strange imagination) (grand artistic conception) is broad-minded.
I heard that Wang Changling left and moved to Longbiaoyao to deliver this.
Huayang wept and mourned as much as he could, and sent his thoughts to Qiu Si in Jingsha, Jing Tian.
The scenery is withered, the vine is old, the crow is yellow, the bridge is flowing, people are old, the west wind is thin, the horse is thin, the sunset is heartbroken, and people are sad and homesick.
A berth at the foot of Gubei Mountain.
The first link of borrowing scenery to express emotion: the scene of tourism; A couplet of magnificent scenery; A couplet of optimistic and positive spiritual strength; Homesick couplets.
Generation ability of communication display
The first step: comb the knowledge and lay a solid foundation.
Step 2: Reading Looking at the Sea, I heard that Wang Changling moved to Longbiao Kiln and sent it here.
Enjoy the parking under Beibao Mountain and Tianjin Sha 6 1 Qiu Si.
Summarize the text and expand it.
Teaching objectives
Knowledge and skills: guide students to grasp the tone of poetry, read poetry with expression, and cultivate students' ability to appreciate poetry.
② Process and method: autonomy, cooperation and inquiry learning.
(3) Morality, emotion and values: experience human love and affection, be influenced and infected by beauty, and cultivate healthy and noble aesthetic taste and ability.
Teaching focus
Read repeatedly and feel the thoughts and feelings of poetry.
Teaching time: two class hours
first kind
First, import
You have come into contact with many poems, so before class, I want to ask you a question: "What is poetry?" A dictionary is defined as "a literary genre that reflects life and expresses feelings through rhythmic and rhythmic language". I think the greatest feature of poetry is that it expresses a pursuit of beauty. Homer's epic shows a tragic and heroic beauty, and the spring with the stars shows a beautiful heart. Even poems such as "Flowers of Evil" and "Dead Water" write ugly things to express nostalgia for the lost beauty and indignation at the destruction of the real beauty. This is a kind of beauty that is pursued. Similarly, from the love poems expressing personal feelings, we can see the existence of beauty, and the poems describing the philosophy of life are also beautiful paradise. When we study these two poems, we should first appreciate the beauty of these two poems, and perceive this beauty through our reading, our experience and our taste.
Second, "If Life Deceives You" Teaching Process
First, the introduction of new courses into Russian literature is extensive and profound, which has a wide influence in the world and has many masters. Students, can you name them? (such as Tolstoy, Dostoevsky, Mayakovski, lermontov, Pushkin, etc. ) Today we are going to learn a widely circulated Russian poem by Pushkin.
Second, students can answer freely.
Third, introduce the author.
Who knows this great poet with international influence? Clear: Pushkin, a great Russian poet and novelist, is known as the "father of Russian literature", the founder of Russian literary language and the founder of Russian new literature. Born in Moscow, a noble family advocating literature. As an adult, he constantly published poems to criticize current politics and praise freedom, and was regarded as the spokesman of liberalism. For this reason, he was repeatedly hit by the czar. He was exiled and imprisoned twice, but he always adhered to the principle of life expressed in his poems, even though he gave his life. Although he was murdered by the czar, his spirit always inspires people. His poems have high artistic achievements and wordless artistic charm. Belinsky, a famous Russian literary critic, once commented on Pushkin's poems: "The power of tone and language is amazing: it is as soft and beautiful as the chatter of waves, as mellow as turpentine, as bright as lightning, as transparent and quiet as crystal, as fragrant as spring, and as a sword in the hands of soldiers, students can read relevant materials first, and teachers can introduce it, emphasizing that Pushkin's tragedy is as strong as ever." However, "poetry is untranslatable", and translated poetry does not mean the original poem. Now we can only learn and appreciate it through translation. I hope we can understand the beauty of this poem as much as possible.
Fourth, the writing background This poem was written in the days when Pushkin was exiled by the czar. It was written in the form of a gift poem in the album of Ye Fu Braksiya nikolayev Navorif, the daughter of neighbor Oshi podol. The Russian revolution was in full swing there, but the poet was forced to be isolated from the world. Under such circumstances, the poet did not lose hope and fighting spirit. He loves life and pursues his ideals persistently, believing that light will come and justice will win.
Fourth, listen and read poems.
1. Listen to the text.
2. Divide the reading rhythm.
3. Read aloud freely. Read by the teacher and then by the students.
Five, combined with experience, discuss the problem
1, Q: What kind of attitude towards life did the poet clarify in his poems? Please talk about your experience in combination with a poem that you feel most deeply. Qingming: the poem clarifies such a positive and optimistic attitude towards life: when life deceives you, don't be sad or impatient; Be patient in times of crisis, everything will pass, and always maintain a positive and optimistic attitude; It is impossible to live without pain and sorrow. Happiness will not be covered by sadness forever, and happy days will come.
2. Q: How to understand the meaning of two poems "and the past will become a kind of nostalgia"? Clear: see the faculty and staff.
3. Q: The biggest feature of poetry is to speak with images, and the most taboo is straightforward reasoning. But this poem has no intention of image, but it convinces people with reason and is a great success. Think about the reason. Student discussion
This is a famous masterpiece. Many people keep it in their notebooks as a motto to encourage themselves. Do you like this poem after reading it? Why? Please discuss freely and hold your own opinions. This is the most beautiful and attractive part of this poem. Students are free to answer, and it is best to connect with reality.
Transfer and aggregation of intransitive verbs
1. Imitate the first paragraph of If Life Deceives You, and continue to write the following poem. If life plays tricks on you, don't, don't.
2. Recite the whole poem
Seven, expand and improve: after class, explore and read Pushkin's poems, and communicate in the next class.
Second lesson
The Teaching Process of The Road Not Taken
First, review the old lessons.
1. Recite "If Life Deceives You"
2. Exchange reading of Pushkin's poems.
Student exchange
Second, introduce new lessons: Pushkin's exhortation and exhortation in the poem "If Life Deceives You" makes us feel a positive and optimistic attitude towards life. There is more than one way in life. In the long life, we sometimes have to meet the embarrassment and confusion of choice. What should I do? Frost, an American poet, expressed his thoughts on the road of life in his poem The Road Not Taken. About the poet: Frost (1874- 1963) is an American poet, born in California, USA. He roamed many places on foot and was known as "the peasant poet of New England". His representative works include the collection of poems "The Will of Teenagers" and "The Birch Tree". In his later years, he became the unofficial poet laureate of the United States, and the US Senate made a resolution to pay tribute to him. He is in the period of alternation between traditional poetry and modernist poetry, so he is called the "alternate poet" and has become the two centers of modern American poetry together with Eliot.
Third, read the poem aloud.
Fourth, cooperative exploration.
1. Please read the whole poem several times and think about the meaning of "road" in the poem. Clarity: On the surface, poetry writes about the road of nature, but in fact, it expresses the poet's thinking about the road of life by writing about the road of nature. In fact, the symbolism commonly used in literature and art is used here.
2, the whole poem ***5 sections, please use concise language to summarize the meaning of each section. Find a poem or sentence that moves you the most and talk about your experience. Read aloud first, and the students will answer them individually. Clarity: Standing (thinking)-Deciding (choosing)-Anxiety after choosing-Looking back and sighing after many years 3. Although the poet wrote about the road he chose, the point was that he had no choice. The title of the poem also illustrates this point. Since it is a choice, why focus on not choosing? Clear: See "Problem Discussion" of faculty and staff.
Fourth, realize philosophy.
What did you learn from this poem? Clear: The answers are inconsistent. For example, people can only choose one life path and must be cautious; The choice of life path, don't go with the flow, make an independent choice through your own thinking. You can talk about Socrates' example of wheat ears. Students can answer freely.
Fifth, distinguish the concepts of symbol and metaphor.
What is a symbol? What's the difference between symbol and metaphor? Symbol: express a special meaning with concrete things. Clarity: The so-called symbol means that in literary works, things of A are clearly written, and things of B are implied by writing things of A, but things of A itself, as a means of expression and a concrete image, also need full attention. Metaphor, use similar things to compare what you want to say, so as to express it more vividly. Symbol is a means of planning and thinking, while metaphor is a rhetorical device. Symbols generally control the whole article, while metaphors only work in individual sentences and paragraphs. Show two poems and let the students decide which poem uses symbols and which poem uses metaphors. "I rubbed bread with a spear and brought wine to Sima Yi. I drank it all and leaned against this spear. " -Alkilosco's The Poet's Spear is like hyacinthus orientalis on the mountain. It was trampled by the shepherd, but it bloomed purple flowers on the ground. -The body of the poem "Bride" by Sappho is now used as a symbol. Poets use very ordinary images to explain their views and touch the hearts of readers. First, the concept is clear, and then the teacher explains the difference between them.
Sixth, accumulate associations.
1. At all times and in all countries, many poets and writers have made wonderful descriptions of "Road". For example, Qu Yuan's "It's a long way to go in Xiu Yuan, but it's Xiu Yuan, and I'll go up and down for it". Please write two more famous aphorisms about "Road" according to your accumulation.
2, combined with "Dad's Flowers Fall" after-school exercise 3, complete a short composition and talk about the experience of growing up.
Seven, comprehensive training: take it out and then make a handwritten newspaper of "Poetry Garden" in groups.
Postscript: On the road of growth, the sunshine always fills your heart, but the wind and rain may come unexpectedly. If you feel that life has deceived you, how will you face it? The poet Pushkin gave us a reminder and a charge. There is more than one way in life. In the long life, we sometimes have to meet the embarrassment and confusion of choice. Teach students how to do it.