First, the introduction of famous sentences to stimulate interest
Practice shows that it is easy to stimulate students' desire for new knowledge and help them form a knowledge system unconsciously. Famous sentences are the crystallization of predecessors' wisdom and the essence of language, which have been washed by time and admired from generation to generation. The introduction of well-known famous sentences can not only enhance students' pride in the excellent culture of the Chinese nation, enhance students' further taste in language and writing, but also stimulate students' desire to accumulate new knowledge, which can be described as killing two birds with one stone.
Many of Li Shangyin's poems are widely used, and students have long been familiar with them, such as: "The sunset is infinitely beautiful and buried in the coming night", "The time was long before I met her, but it was longer because we were separated, and the east wind has started, and all the flowers have gone out", "The silkworms in spring will be woven until they die, and the candles will cry their wicks every night", "You asked that the return date is not fixed, and it will rain in the evening.
Second, introduce the author and lay the necessary conditions for appreciation.
"Words must be done", poetry will inevitably be branded with the times and engraved with the author's personal experience. Understanding the poet's profile is a necessary preparation for appreciating poetry.
Li shangyin (8 13~858), a native of western Henan, was born in Hanoi, Huaizhou (now Qinyang, Henan) and came from a small bureaucratic family. /kloc-at the age of 0/7, his talent was appreciated. Twenty-five years old, Jinshi, an official in the DPRK. It's a pity that I was involved in a clique struggle and was always excluded politically. I lived in the crevice of party struggle and ran around in Sichuan, Guangxi, Guangdong and other places to do some staff work. I was very disappointed. His personal life is also unfortunate. After less than twelve years of marriage, his beloved wife passed away. In those short twelve years, because the poet wandered around, he could not be reunited with his wife often.
He had the ambition of "returning to heaven and earth and entering the boat", but he was down and out all his life and could not get a chance to realize it, so he died of depression at the age of 45. There are about 600 poems. Due to the chaos of the times and personal frustration, poetry often reveals deep sentimental feelings. Li Shangyin's poetry not only occupies a place in the Tang Dynasty, but also occupies an important position in the history of China's classical poetry.
It is particularly worth mentioning that the highly artistic untitled poems are sad in tone, harmonious and euphemistic, precise in wording and precise in antithesis, and form vivid and beautiful images with gorgeous words, conveying profound and sincere feelings, which are intriguing, imaginative, ingenious in conception, beautiful in language and unique in artistic charm. Jinse, with the title of the first poem, belongs to this category.
Third, read the back to get a preliminary understanding of the main idea of this poem.
"If you read a book a hundred times, you will understand its meaning." This is especially true when reading poetry. Repeated reading can help students consciously or unconsciously feel the beauty of poetry, think about the meaning of poetry, appreciate the artistic conception of poetry and grasp the poet's feelings. It can be said that reading aloud is the basis of reading poetry. If you don't recite a poem, you don't read it. You'll understand when you can recite it.
In appreciation, give students enough time to read and recite, and cultivate the ability of autonomous learning. Guide students to use their existing knowledge and ability to make a preliminary appreciation (language, rhythm, rhythm, etc.). ) In reading and memorizing, combine the notes of teaching materials and materials at hand to encourage students to question boldly.
Poetry appreciation should also be "targeted", not aimless and rambling, and should be clearly put forward before students read (or read): 1 to understand the emotional tone of poetry; 2. Reproduce the artistic conception in the poem through imagination and association; 3. Find out and think about the meanings of four allusions and five metaphors in the poem.
Fourthly, the discussion about swimming, reading and appreciating poetry.
Li Shangyin's poems, even those who are eager to learn and ponder, are difficult to understand, especially his untitled poems, most of which have a hazy artistic conception that is difficult to explain accurately, but can give people beautiful enjoyment.
Poetry is implicit. Jinse provides people with many possibilities of interpretation. Jinse, patriotism, mourning, self-injury and so on are intriguing, which is the value of poetry. To guide students' appreciation, we can discuss poetry on the basis of poetry without seeking a unified answer. We only need to combine the background of the late Tang Dynasty and the poet's experience, grasp the emotional tone of poetry, reproduce the artistic conception in poetry with our own voice, and play with the beautiful language of poetry.
1, grasp the emotional tone of the whole poem
"A moment that should last forever has come and gone before I realize it." "I want to know why my Jinse has fifty strings, each with a youthful interval." From this, we can understand that this poem is a kind of "disconsolate" "emotion" that has puzzled the poet for many years. When reading aloud, you should slow down and reproduce sadness, surprise and confusion in a low tone.
2, "We can feel her feelings, even before she plays", the first couplet is an emotional trigger.
"I want to know why my Jinse has fifty strings, each with a youthful interval." Jinse, you have fifty strings for no reason, and each string and column are recalling the past years. The poet feels this way because he has been troubled by "emotions" for a long time. At this time, he used "Jinse" as the trigger point of emotion to express his feelings. This couplet is both enlightening and contrasting, and it is cleverly written. When reciting, you should first brew emotions, so that you can read the sad tone, deep confusion and infinite emotion, and you will not be groundless.
3, meditation, infinite feelings.
"Saint Zhuangzi daydreaming, bewitched by butterflies, crowed by the cuckoo of the emperor." The past and good wishes that I once had are as clear, nostalgic, addictive and melancholy as "The Dream of Butterflies". Even if it doesn't come true, my heart will remain the same, and I will cry like a cuckoo when I die. Although these two poems are concise in language, they are profound in meaning, ingenious in application and thought-provoking. When reading, you should reproduce it in the tone of obsession, intoxication, infinite attachment and infinite persistence. The speed of speech and voice changed from rough to passionate and sad.
4. Reproduce beauty, obscurity and sadness with clear voice.
"Mermaids shed pearl-like tears in the moonlight green sea, and the blue fields breathe their jade to the sun." The bright moon hangs high, the vast green sea, Jiao Ren tears into pearls, and the cold moonlight, crystal pearls and Ming Che tears are intertwined, which makes people disheartened and have endless associations; Lantian is sunny and warm. White jade produces smoke, but jade is buried underground but its essence rises. Although "Pearl of the Sea" and "Lantian Meiyu" are precious, they are forgotten, which makes people sad and sorry, but after all, they are jewels and beautiful jade, which makes people happy and gratified. When reading, you should read the feeling of vastness, helplessness, infinite love and sadness.
5, come to an abrupt end, memorable.
"A moment that should last forever has come and gone before I realize it." Where is this feeling when recalling the past? I was just confused at the time. Today's reminiscence must be even more disappointing. Looking back on the past is really unbearable. The style of writing is flawless and the emotions are stronger. When reading aloud, show that you want to stop and have a rest. You will feel like an empty valley with endless aftertaste.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) extracurricular expansion
1, looking for the poet's footprint
There are still many unsolved mysteries in Jinse, which need further study and discussion. It can inspire students to understand the poet's life through various channels, read the poet's other works, find relevant information, and create their own golden key to interpretation.
Step 2 talk to the poet
"Applying what you have learned", turning knowledge into the source of living water, can not be ignored. For literary works, we should adopt "takenism" and suggest that students write appreciation articles in order to "talk to poets".