"The Emperor's New Clothes" is selected from Unit 6, Book 1 of the seventh grade Chinese textbook published by People's Education Press 1 lesson. The texts in this unit are all imaginative works. Ask students to practice silent reading and reading aloud, use their imagination and understand the thoughts and feelings between the lines. This passage tells the story that the stupid emperor and his master were used by two swindlers, staged an absurd farce, and finally told the truth through a child's mouth. The theme of the expression is to expose vanity and selfishness in human nature and warn people to keep childlike innocence and dare to tell the truth. The characteristics of this article are that the theme of the story is illusory and bizarre, the description language is exquisite and changeable, the writing structure is fascinating, and the expression theme is profound and dignified.
Second, the teaching process
(A) teachers introduce to stimulate interest
Students, what are your fond memories of childhood? Is it naughty for parents to inadvertently climb over the wall and pick fresh mulberries from the tree next door? Once upon a time, the locust tree in the alley was full of stars, listening to the white-haired old man telling beautiful fairy tales in the starry sky? These times have passed by in a hurry, but fortunately we still have fairy tales. Some people say that one should read some fairy tales at any time, so as to keep the purity of the soul. Today, let's go into the fairy tale world that originated from life and is higher than life, and become a member of the fairy tale world to travel and see what the unique charm of fairy tales is.
(2) Reading the text for the first time and talking about the feelings of reading for the first time.
Teachers don't indoctrinate students one-way before they come into contact with the text, and don't prejudge students with their own conclusions. But from the students' point of view, learn by induction, so that students can open their books and read independently. When reading, the whole class is not required to read together, but they are free to do it in their own way, which can be audio reading or silent reading. Let students mobilize their knowledge, experience and aesthetic taste, "feel with heart", read sensibly and delicately.
After reading the text for the first time, let the students talk freely about their first reading feelings and experiences. Communicate in the group first, say your own and listen to others; Then choose a representative to introduce to the class. Finally, everyone wrote down their feelings after the exchange on paper. This link is intended not only to cultivate the habit of expressing feelings and feelings, but also to create a class atmosphere and influence and infect other students.
Finally, the teacher talks about his feelings and communicates with the students: a thousand people are like a thousand small villages, and I believe everyone's experience is unique. The teacher is already familiar with this fairy tale, and I don't know how many times I have watched it. But every time I read it, I have different feelings, and every time I read it, I will have deeper thinking. Andersen, the master of fairy tales, wrote an unreasonable thing so funny that people could not help laughing and felt a lot. The weakness of vanity and selfishness in human nature is sometimes so hateful, and a child's courage and honesty are so precious. Everyone should keep his original innocence.
(3) Re-read the text and talk about re-reading.
Students browse the text and read it again. Ask them to read rationally, "judge from their own point of view" and "express in their own language": tell exactly and comprehensively what this article has written in one sentence.
First, everyone works independently, and then communicates in groups. After that, the teacher randomly asked several students to talk about it.
Finally, the teacher also talked about his own understanding to improve the students' knowledge of * * *: This text tells the story of the stupid emperor and all the people being used by two swindlers and staged an absurd farce. Finally, through the story of a child telling the truth, it exposes the vanity and selfishness of human nature and warns people to be naive and dare to tell the truth.
(4) Read the text three times and choose the study topic.
Everyone reads the text three times by browsing, and then independently studies one or two aspects that he likes or impresses according to his own intuition, and uses them as his own "dim sum" or "appetizing soup" to basically satisfy his intuition-or "sweet food", "spicy food" or "barbecue", which varies from person to person and can be chosen independently. After autonomous learning, communicate in groups, exchange learning experiences with each other, and talk about the reasons why you like or are impressed.
The teacher randomly selected several students to speak and talk about their own ideas. In this process, teachers should encourage students to speak actively, and there is no uniform standard.
(5) Read the text four times and learn by * * *.
Read the text four times by browsing, and then choose one or two learning themes as "dinner" or "main course" for in-depth taste and careful appreciation.
* * * When choosing a study topic, the teacher guides all students to demonstrate repeatedly and seriously on the basis of full communication, so as to reflect the intention of most people and help them improve.
* * * The basic principle of choosing a learning topic is "two specialties first", that is, giving priority to language learning that is unique to this article and particularly worth learning (when there are independent options for language learning). Among them, "this article is unique" can be considered from both stylistic features and other aspects.
* * * Selective learning theme If a few students have made initial learning in autonomous selective learning, the main goal of selective learning is to refine and deepen their respective learning; If the theme of self-selected learning is the same as that of most students, then it will be carried out through self-questioning, self-exploration and finally * * * discussion, so that learning will be refined and deepened step by step.
Teachers are prepared to participate in the main points of the speech:
1. The description language is exquisite and changeable: the fifth paragraph of the text is a psychological portrayal of the emperor, which is very wonderful and worth repeating. The emperor wanted to know how cloth was woven, but he thought about it. "However, it is unnatural to think that anyone who is stupid or incompetent can't see this cloth." Connecting with the description in the first paragraph that he loves to wear new clothes, it is not difficult to see that the emperor himself is actually very guilty. He is afraid that he can't see it. He is an incompetent emperor and can't believe whether he is smart or not. This is the first turning point. Then the second turning point came: "He believes he has nothing to be afraid of". From "unnatural" to "no need to be afraid", this is actually giving yourself courage and trying to be calm. But even so, he "still thinks it is more appropriate to send someone to see the progress of the work first." These contradictory psychological activities accurately expressed the emperor's confident and guilty, stupid and cunning personality characteristics, which not only made the characters vivid, but also deepened the central idea.
Writing old ministers grasped his decadent characteristics and wrote psychology in a sad style, such as "May God have mercy on me!" " "My God!" Writing about his eyes, how wide his eyes are, writing about his language, and repeatedly using some words strongly describe the praise of the old minister for false materials, which is in sharp contrast with the "honesty" mentioned above, enhances the irony and depicts his hypocritical face incisively and vividly.
2. Profound and dignified theme: Do you agree that the theme of this fairy tale is only to expose the ugly souls of emperors and princes? (Hugging: There are also descriptions of ordinary people in the text, but the difference is that the degree of ridicule is different. The former is sharp and the latter is more compassionate. In particular, telling the truth through the mouth of an ignorant and fearless child, who is the opposite of an adult, exposes an adult's hypocritical and selfish human weakness.
Some people think that the swindlers in the article also have something worthy of recognition, while others disagree. Tell me your opinion. Clever: Because you are good at grasping other people's weaknesses, you let your pockets swell. Self-confidence: because I firmly believe that my plan can succeed, I can calmly implement the scam in front of ministers and even emperors. Everyone has two sides to everything, so we should learn to look at problems objectively and dialectically.
3. Illusion of story theme: He has to change a suit every hour every day. When people mention him, they always say, "The emperor is in the dressing room." Pointing out the text, it exaggerates that the emperor loves new clothes to the point of madness, loves vanity and luxury, reveals the reason of the story, and lays a powerful foreshadowing for the following swindlers.
But remind the students: Is there such a fatuous emperor in reality? So his country has long since ceased to exist. However, the author wrote this. This is the place where fairy tales "come from reality and are higher than reality". It takes unreasonable things for granted in an extremely exaggerated way and warns the world at the same time.
(6) Read the text and accumulate new words and phrases.
Focus on the new words first, and accumulate while reading.
Show off your abilities and report appropriately. Funny Your Majesty's exquisite title. Jazz is shocking. Echo it.
Then focus on beautiful sentences or paragraphs with beautiful language and rich feelings, which are read beautifully and read out with feelings and enjoyment; One-liners and good sentences are read as reciting and accumulated. The sentences with witty remarks cover a wide range, which may be a delicate emotional description in literature, a profound rational exposition, and a concise explanation of actual things.
The teacher said his basic understanding: no one who is incompetent or hopelessly stupid can see this dress. This sentence is the clue of the whole text, which shows the superb wisdom of the liar and is also a powerful attack on human nature. Are there any people around us who lie for their own selfish interests like vain emperors and ministers? I think they are a microcosm of the real society. The more people grow up, the stronger their vanity is, and they are often occupied by vanity and selfishness. If they are not careful, they will cross the border of justice. Fairy tales are children's dreams that continue from generation to generation. Children grow up slowly, knowing that this dream is called a fairy tale, they no longer believe it. But in fact, the adult world needs fairy tales, so keep a little more innocence, find happiness from fairy tales and purify your soul. This is the teacher's advice on your future life choice.
At the same time, timely insert the author and background introduction:
Andersen/kloc-left his hometown at the age of 0/4. What kind of fate awaited him in the cold society at that time? Hunger, mental double blow and people's contempt are inextricably linked with him. But with tenacious perseverance, Andersen overcame all kinds of difficulties and finally succeeded. Andersen also wrote three autobiographies before his death, which reflected his unfortunate life experiences and social contradictions in Denmark, with extremely profound reality and popularity.
The fairy tale master worked tirelessly all his life and dedicated his genius and life to the "future generation". Until three years before his death, * * * wrote 168 fairy tales and stories. The great achievements of Andersen's fairy tales in art and thought are unparalleled so far.
Andersen's fairy tales reflect the democratic tradition and realistic tendency in Danish literature. His best fairy tales are well known and told by many adults and children in the world today. Some fairy tales, such as the little match girl, the ugly duckling, the son of the gatekeeper, the emperor's new clothes, etc. , not only truly describes the miserable life of the poor, but also is permeated with romantic mood and fantasy. Because the author was born in poverty, he deeply felt the inequality between the rich and the poor and the law of the jungle. Therefore, on the one hand, he enthusiastically praised the working people, sympathized with the unfortunate poor, and praised their noble qualities such as kindness and purity with sincere brushwork; On the other hand, he angrily lashed the cruel, greedy, hypocritical and stupid reactionary ruling class and exploiters, exposed the ugly behavior of church monks and the bad habits of the people, and spared no effort to criticize the ugly phenomenon of society. "The Emperor's New Clothes" satirizes the ugly state of the emperor's incompetence and courtiers' flattery; The Nightingale and The Princess on the Pea mocked the ignorance and fragility of the nobility. Dairy queen shows the author's view on human ideal, that is, his optimistic belief that "truth, goodness and beauty will eventually win". In his last work, The Gardener and the Master, he also tried to create the image of a true patriot, which reflected the author's loyal patriotism.
Some of Andersen's fairy tales, especially some of his later works, also show his ideological limitations. Although he showed full sympathy for the poor, he couldn't find a way out of his misfortune. He looked at the world with sad eyes and showed negative emotions. He believes that God is the embodiment of truth, goodness and beauty, and can lead people to "happiness". In his works, he sometimes preaches morality, Christian thoughts of fraternity and the spirit of tolerance and reconciliation.
Andersen's fairy tales are closely related to folk literature, inheriting and carrying forward the simple and fresh style of folk literature. Most of his early works were based on folk stories, and many folk songs and legends were quoted in his later works.
In terms of genre and writing techniques, Andersen's works are diversified, including fairy tales and short stories; There are fables and poems; It is suitable for children to read and adults to enjoy. His artistic images, such as the naked emperor, the determined tin soldier, Thumbelina, the ugly duckling and the daughter with red shoes, have all become allusions in European languages.
As far as language style is concerned, Andersen is a very creative writer. In his works, he used the daily spoken language of the lower class people in Denmark and the structure of folk stories. The language is vivid, natural, fluent and beautiful, full of strong local flavor.
(seven) summarize the learning gains or feelings.
Before class, everyone will say a conclusion, sum up their learning gains or feelings, and write it down with a pen.