-the whole story of Wutai poetry case
During the reign of Zaixi Ning (1068-1077), the Shenzong made great use of Wang Anshi's reform. After the failure of the political reform, he worked in the restructuring during the Yuanfeng period (1078-1085). At the turning point from political reform to system reform, Su Shi's Wutai poetry case happened. The case was first reported by the censor and then tried in the censor's prison. There has been a "Wutai" posthumous title in Yushitai since the Han Dynasty, so this case is called "Wutai Poetry Case".
In March of the second year of Yuanfeng (1079), Su Dongpo was transferred from Xuzhou to Huzhou, Taihu Lake, Jiangsu Province. He wrote "Huzhou worships the table", which is actually just a routine. He briefly said that I had no achievements in the past, and then said that the emperor was grateful, but later he made a few complaints:
"Your majesty knows that he is stupid and it is difficult to pursue new progress; See if he's still noisy when he's old, or feed him to the king. "
The word "qi" in the sentence is self-styled. He regards himself as the opposite of a "newcomer" and says that if he doesn't "make trouble", the newcomer "makes trouble". Due to the objective environment, ancient scholars are always used to using words and sentences very implicitly, and readers have also developed a habit of instinctively looking for the meaning between the lines. For example, the "newcomer" in the Yushitai. In June, He Dazheng, the Imperial Examiner, quoted words such as "newness" and "disturbance" and branded Su Shi as "fooling the imperial court and being conceited". It was clearly Su Shi who was satirizing them, but they said that Su Shi had fooled the court. Stealing the column is a common trick of young people. There is also a little background here. During Wang Anshi's political reform, conservatives and reformists waged fierce struggles. The leaders of the two factions are two prime ministers, Sima Guang and Wang Anshi. Because the former has the word "trouble" in his long letter to the latter, "trouble" has become an idiom to attack political reform; "Newcomer" is a derogatory term for the newcomer introduced by Su Shi to Wang Anshi. He once said in the book "The Emperor of God" that Wang Anshi "introduced brave people for all quick results", and the result was that "there are fewer and fewer simple people recently, and more and more skilled people". Later, Lv Huiqing, a "wise man" who supported Wang Anshi, betrayed Wang Anshi and made him strike.
The official gazette of the imperial court is published regularly, which is equivalent to the current official newspaper. As usual, Su Shi's ci is eye-catching. This time, the gratitude table made those "newcomers" a laughing stock in the readers' minds. And they become angry from embarrassment, which is bound to retaliate against Su Shi, and it is also a move to use the new law to seek personal gain and crack down on dissidents.
But a word or two from Huzhou Xie Shangbiao is not enough. Coincidentally, Su Zizhan's "Yuanfeng Bachelor Qiantang Collection" was published at that time, which provided an opportunity for newcomers in Yushitai to collect materials. Studying hard in April, I found some poems by Su Shi, so I played impeachment:
"As for the ulterior motives, I look at it with resentment and abuse, and there is no poem without complicated minister's day. Your Majesty Gai gave money (referring to young crops) to the poor in the industry, and then he said,' Winning children's pronunciation is better than half that in the city every year'; Your majesty knows the law and judges the county magistrate with lessons, then he says,' Read thousands of books without reading the law, so that you know nothing'; Your Majesty built water conservancy projects and said,' If the East China Sea is clear, brine (saline-alkali land) will be turned into mulberry fields'; Your majesty wants to ban salt, then he says,' Did Wen Shao forget the taste and eat salt-free in recent March'; Other things that touch things are what they should say, and they are all based on slander. "
The examples he cited, "Win" and "Be It" came from Five Mussels in the Mountain Village; The word "East China Sea" comes from tide watching in August 15. The word "reading" comes from "actor's career". But after being taken out of context, every sentence is on the line.
Immediately, Dr. Li Yizhi, the country's prince, and Li Ding, an imperial adviser, were killed with their front and back feet. They listed Su Shi's crimes and claimed that they must be beheaded for being rude to the imperial court. Li Ding listed four reasons why Su Shi should be executed. He said: "Su Shi was notorious for his lack of academic knowledge at the beginning. He occasionally studies different subjects, so he went to the Confucian Museum. " Then he said that Su Shi was eager to get a high position, and under his dissatisfaction, he was contemptuous of power. Third, the emperor tolerated him for a long time and hoped that he would turn over a new leaf, but Su Shi refused. Finally, although Su Shi's poems are absurd and shallow, they have great influence on the whole country. "I want to enforce the law in advance, and my job is to correct it. How dare I stop? " I hope your majesty will break away from his natural desires, make special efforts to abide by the constitution, not be particularly embarrassed and obedient, but also restrain his loyalty and kindness. His likes and dislikes will be clear, and his customs will be reformed. "This Li Ding was called" worse than an animal "by Sima Guang for concealing his father's funeral, and Su Shi also laughed at his" unfilial ". Although everyone wanted Su Shi to die, Zongshen didn't want to kill him, but agreed to arrest him instead of putting Su Shi in prison for the night on his way to Beijing.
At this time, Wang Shen, a good friend of Su Shi, printed Su Shi's poems. When he heard the news, he quickly sent someone to deliver a letter to Su Zhe in the south. Su Zhe immediately sent someone to tell Su Shi that the court also sent Huangfu Zun to set out, but Su Zhe's people arrived first. When Su Shi learned the news, he immediately asked for leave. Zutong sentenced him to be the satrap.
When Huangfu Zun arrived, the people in the prefect's office panicked and didn't know what would happen. Su Shi dared not come out, so he consulted with the judge. The judge said it was useless to avoid the imperial envoys. You'd better greet him politely, and you should appear as an official. So Su Shi put on official clothes and boots and went to see your official Huang Fuzun.
Su Shi first spoke: "I know that if I offend the court in many ways, it will definitely be a capital crime." It's not a pity to die, but please let me go back to my family. "
Huangfu Zun said indifferently, "It's not that serious." Ordered the soldiers to open the official document. At first glance, it turned out to be just an ordinary official document, exempting Su Shi from being called to Beijing as a satrap, and demanding that Su Shi leave immediately. When Su Shi went back to visit her family, the whole family cried. Su Shi smiled and told them a story to comfort them:
"In the era of Song Zhenzong, the emperor wanted to visit the real scholars between nymphs. Someone recommended Yang Pu to come out. Although Yang didn't want to, he sent someone to escort him to the capital to see the emperor. The emperor asked, "I heard that you can write poetry?" Yang Pu replied,' I won't. He wanted to show his talent, but refused to be an official. The emperor asked again, "Did your friend give you some poems when he gave them to you?" Yang Pu replied, "No, only my humble Jing wrote one." The emperor asked again, "What poem is this?" Can you tell me? So Yang Pu read out the poem written by his wife when she left: Don't be depressed and greedy for wine glasses, and don't be infatuated with poetry. I'm going to the general's office today, and this time I'm going to ruin my old scalp. "
Hearing this story, the family breathed a little sigh of relief.
All the prefects were scared to death and all hid. Only the Wang brothers and Chen held a farewell party. But the people came out to see the satrap leave, and the county annals recorded that the people were in tears. When Su Shi passed through Yangzhou River and Taihu Lake, he tried to commit suicide by diving. He doesn't know what to sentence, and he is afraid that his case will involve many friends. On second thought, if I really jump into the water, it will bring trouble to my brother. Otherwise, future generations will not see "Red Cliff Nostalgia" and "Red Wall Fu". Most of the letters and manuscripts of him and his friends were burned at home. When his family arrived in Suxian County, Anhui Province, Yu Shitai sent someone to look for Su Shi's poems, letters and other documents in their luggage. Later, Su Shi found that only one-third of his manuscript survived.
Su Shi was arrested on July 28th and taken to Yushitai prison on August18th. On the 20th, he was formally arraigned.
I hope it will help you and be adopted. Thank you.