***********************************
Appreciation of Du Fu's Random Encounter with Li Guinian
Meet Li Guinian at the lower reaches of the river
In the Qi family, I often see your performances; Before urging the wine hall, I praised your art many times.
Never thought, in this Jiangnan scenic area; It is the season of falling flowers, and I can meet you, an old acquaintance.
Notes on the title or background of a book.
This poem was written in the fifth year of Tang Daizong Dali (770), that is, the year when Du Fu died. Li Guinian was a famous musician in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, but his birth and death year, birthplace and life experience are unknown. We only know that he lived in the Tang Dynasty from Kaiyuan to Daizong, was good at singing and composing music, and was quite familiar with local music. On one occasion, he heard someone playing the piano in the palace of Qi, and said, "This is a tune of Qin." After a while, he added, "This is the music of the State of Chu." Wang Qi was surprised and asked behind the curtain. It happened. Li Guinian had extraordinary musical talent and was appreciated by Tang Xuanzong, who loved music. "He takes special care of himself and grew up in Du Dong, which is more luxurious than public officials." After the Anshi Rebellion, Li Guinian lived in Jiangxiang. Every time he met the beautiful scenery, he sang a lot of songs and listened to them from his seat, but he didn't cry or drink (Miscellanies of Ming Taizu).
In the late spring of the fifth year of Dali, Du Fu, who lived far away in the south of the Yangtze River, met Li Guinian, who also lived far away in a foreign land, in Tanzhou (now Changsha, Hunan). At this time, due to the eight-year Anshi Rebellion in the Tang Dynasty, the whole society declined rapidly from the prosperity of Kaiyuan Shi Sheng. In the face of bitter reality and bleak dusk, Du Fu, once a brilliant old friend, wrote this seven-character quatrain with mixed feelings, expressing the deep pain of reunion of old friends who had extraordinary experiences in troubled times, which implied infinite nostalgia for the past, deep lament for reality, and myriad feelings for the ups and downs of the past and the gathering and dispersion of human feelings.
Sentence solution
In the Qi family, I often see your performances; Before urging the wine hall, I praised your art many times.
I often watch your performances in the Qi Palace. In front of Cui, I have also appreciated your art many times. Although the first two sentences are reminiscing about past contacts with Li Guinian, they reveal deep nostalgia for the flourishing age of Kaiyuan. The following language seems light, but it contains heavy emotions. "King of Qi", the younger brother of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, and Li Fan, the son of Tang Ruizong (Li Dan), was named King of Qi, who was famous for his love of learning and talents and elegant temperament. "Cui Jiu" named Di is the younger brother of the secretary of China Academy of Sciences. He frequented the palace, was a favorite of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, and served as a secretary supervisor. He ranks ninth among his brothers, so he is called Cui Jiu. "Qi Wangzhai" and "Cui" seem to blurt out, but in the eyes of the parties, the names of these two literary celebrities in the heyday of Kaiyuan are enough to evoke good memories of the past. In those days, it was common to meet an art star like Li Guinian, but in retrospect, it was an impossible dream. When two poems are repeated, it seems that they want to prolong the aftertaste. The feelings of heaven and earth contained here need to be combined with the following two sentences to taste.
Never thought, in this Jiangnan scenic area; It is the season of falling flowers, and I can meet you, an old acquaintance.
This is the beautiful scenery of Jiangnan in late spring. I didn't expect to meet your old acquaintance at the time of falling flowers. The past is the past. Dreamlike memories can't change the helplessness in front of you. The last two sentences' feelings about the decline of state affairs and the wandering artists summed up the vicissitudes of the whole Kaiyuan period. Jiangnan, with beautiful scenery, was originally a place where poets yearned for a visit in peacetime. Now, I'm really in it, but what I'm facing is a wandering artist covered in withered flowers and hoary heads. Autumn is not only an impromptu work, but also a kind of intentional or unintentional interest. Readers who are familiar with the times and Du Fu's life experience will definitely think of the declining world, social unrest and the poet's decline and illness, and will not think that the poet is deliberately making metaphors. Therefore, this writing seems a bit muddy. The two function words "exactly" and "you" have ups and downs, but also between the lines, which contain infinite feelings.
Comments and explanations
This seven-character quatrain is well-known and is the swan song of Du Fu's later creative career. It has received a lot of praise in past dynasties. For example, Shao commented in the Qing Dynasty: "The beauty of the child is seven unique, which is the pressure roll." Poetry in Tang and Song Dynasties also said that this poem is "lyrical beyond pen and ink, quietly counting words, which can be equivalent to Bai Juyi's Pipa Travel". ..... this will never change. "
The past, the chaos of the world, the ups and downs of years, the gathering and scattering of human feelings and the desolation of each other are all concentrated in these short 28 words. Language is extremely simple and profound, which contains very rich social life content, condensing the vicissitudes of the times and great changes in life for more than 40 years. The ups and downs of the past constitute a sharp contrast, which makes people feel deep and dignified in their poems. In the Qing Dynasty, Huang Sheng commented on Du Shi Shuo: "The feeling of ups and downs in the past and present is beyond words. See the charm between the lines, the touch between the lines. Even if written by Long Biao (Wang Changling) and Sacrifice (Li Bai), there is nothing wrong with it. Is to know that the public in this body, must be incorrect, never heard. It is also ridiculous to have seven quatrains. "
/Article.asp？ ID=6962