What thoughts and feelings does this poem express? Please analyze according to the poem
Category: Art
Analysis:
Reminiscing about my brother-in-law on a moonlit night
Du Fu
Drums ① interrupt people's walking, and there is a sound of wild geese on the edge of autumn ②.
The dew is white tonight, and the moon is bright in my hometown.
All the brothers are scattered, and they have no family to ask about life and death.
The letter sent to the commander ③ was not reached, and the situation was that the army did not stop.
Notes
① Xugu: The watch drum on Xulou.
②Bianqiu: One is "Autumn Bian", the border of autumn.
③长: Always, always.
Commentary
?The poem was written in the second year of Qianyuan (759), when the Anshi Rebellion had not yet been calmed down. As a teacher, he was displaced during the war, experienced national disasters and family worries, and was filled with sorrow and indignation. Looking at the autumn moon, I miss my brothers and sisters, expressing my nostalgia for my family and country. The whole poem is well-organized, with the beginning and the end echoing each other, the structure is tight, and the links are interlocked. Each sentence is inherited and completed in one go. The sentence "The dew is white tonight, and the moon is bright in my hometown" shows the magic and vigor of sentence making.
Attached is an appreciation of the "Dictionary of Appreciation of Tang Poetry":
Reminiscing about my brother-in-law on a moonlit night
Du Fu
Guarding drums to cut off people's walking, The sound of wild geese in autumn.
The dew is white tonight, and the moon is bright in my hometown.
My brothers are all scattered, and I have no family to ask about life and death.
The letter sent was not delivered, and the troops were not suspended.
This poem was written by Du Fu in Qinzhou in the autumn of the second year of Qianyuan (759). In September of this year, Shi Siming led his troops south from Fan Yang, captured Bianzhou, and marched westward to Luoyang. Shandong and Henan were both in war. At that time, several of Du Fu's younger brothers were scattered in this area. Due to the war, there was no communication between them, which aroused his strong worry and longing. "Moonlight Night Remembering My Brother" is a true record of his thoughts and feelings at that time. In classical poetry, missing family and friends is a common theme. Such works must avoid mediocrity and be unconventional. It is not enough to rely on the author's life experience alone, but must also be ingenious in expression techniques. It is in the treatment of such common themes that Du Fu shows his true qualities.
The poem is abrupt and uneven together. The title is "Moonlight Night", but the author does not start from the moonlight night. Instead, he first paints a picture of the autumn of the frontier fortress: "The drums cut off the pedestrians, and there is a sound of wild geese in the autumn." The road cuts off the pedestrians, and writes what they see; drums cut off. The sound of wild geese, write down what you hear. As far as the eye and ear can see is a desolate scene. The heavy and monotonous drumming and the cry of lonely geese in the sky not only did not bring any vitality, but made the already desolate frontier fortress look even more desolate and silent. "Breaking people's walking" points out the social environment, indicating that wars are frequent and fierce, and roads are blocked. Two lines of poems exaggerate the strong and sad atmosphere, which is the background of "Moonlight Night".
Jaw joint questions. "The dew will turn white tonight" not only describes the scene, but also highlights the season. It was the night of the White Dew Festival, and the dew was full of dew, which made people feel chilly. "The moon is the brightness of my hometown" is also a description of scenery, but it is slightly different from the previous sentence. What the author writes is not entirely objective reality, but incorporates his own subjective feelings. It is obviously the only bright moon in the world, and there is no difference at all, but I still want to say that the moon in my hometown is the brightest. It is obviously my own psychological hallucination, but I want to say it so definitely that there is no doubt. However, this method of using fantasy to create reality does not make people feel unreasonable. This is because it deeply expresses the author's subtle psychology and highlights his feelings for his hometown. These two sentences are also very skillful in refining the sentences. What they want to say is just "the white dew tonight" and "the moon shines in my hometown". Just changing the order of the words makes the tone extraordinarily strong and powerful. Therefore, Wang Dechen said: "Zimei is good at using things and common expressions. If he uses more separation or inverted sentences, his language will be strong and strong, and his meaning will be deep and stable." ("Shi Shi") From here, we can also see that Du Fu transformed a flat plate into a magical one. ability.
The above four sentences were written casually, and it seems that they have nothing to do with remembering my brother, but they are not. Not only did he look at the moon and feel nostalgic for his hometown, but also hearing the garrison drums, hearing the sound of wild geese, and seeing the cold dew all made the author feel sad for things and aroused the feeling of longing. In fact, I remember my brother every word, and every sentence is affectionate.
The poem shifts from looking at the moon to expressing emotion, and the transition is very natural. The moonlight often arouses people's imagination and more easily evokes homesickness. The poet is experiencing separation and chaos, and on this cold moonlit night, he naturally has a different feeling in his heart. His lingering thoughts were mixed with anxiety about life, separation, and death, and his tone was extremely sad. "All the brothers are scattered, and they have no family to ask about life and death." The first sentence says that the brothers are separated and live in different parts of the world; the second sentence says that the family has disappeared, and life and death are uncertain. The writing is so sad that it is hard to bear to read. These two poems also summarize the common experience of the people who suffered from sorrow and chaos during the Anshi Rebellion.
"The letter sent has not arrived, and the situation is that the army has not stopped", which follows the fifth and sixth sentences to further express the inner worries. Relatives are scattered everywhere, and the letters they usually send often fail to arrive. What's more, wars are frequent, and life and death are uncertain, which is even more difficult to predict. Implicit and implicit, a knot of infinite affection. After reading this poem, it is not difficult for us to understand why Du Fu was able to write such a condensed warning poem as "The war continues for three months, and a letter from home is worth ten thousand gold" ("Spring Hope").
Profound life experience is the deepest source of artistic creation.
The whole poem is well-organized, with the beginning and the end echoing each other, the succession is mature, and the structure is rigorous. "The army has not ceased" means "people's journey is cut off", looking at the moon means "remembering my brothers", "having no home" means "sent letters are not delivered", people are "scattered" means "death and life" are unknown, one sentence is changed and one sentence is complete.
During the Anshi Rebellion, Du Fu was displaced and experienced hardships. He was worried about his family and the national crisis. He was really emotional. At the slightest touch, thousands of thoughts flow out from the bottom of the pen, so the common theme of homesickness and family longing is written in such a sad, sad and depressed way.