Author: Cen Can
The north wind swept across the earth and messed up Pennisetum, and the weather in August will be covered with heavy snow. Suddenly, like a night wind blowing, like a pear tree in blossom.
Snowflakes fell into the curtains and wet them. The fur was not warm and the gold cup was too thin. The general used cold hands to protect his hands. The armored steel was too cold to wear.
The desert freezes over/kloc-0.000 feet, with a crack, and the sky is full of darkness and melancholy. In the manager's account, this wine is a farewell party, and the Huqin Pipa flute ensemble adds luster to this entertainment.
In the evening, in front of the headquarters gate, heavy snow fell, the red flag froze, and the wind could not drag. Luntai East Gate, welcome to the capital. Go, the mountain road is covered with snow.
I haven't seen you in the winding mountain road, leaving only a row of horseshoe prints.
This poem is about sending snow. In the 13th year of Tianbao (754), Cen Can went to the frontier fortress again, and served as Feng Changqing, the Northwest Hospital of An. Wu is still his predecessor. Write this poem and send him back to Beijing. "Cen Can brothers are curious" (Du Fu's into the pit), so when reading this poem, don't ignore a "strange" word everywhere.
This poem begins with a sudden surprise. Flying snow spreads news before snow is the spirit of flying snow, and the so-called "pen is not swallowed up". Heavy snow will come with the wind, and the beauty of the word "the north wind rolls the ground" lies in seeing snow in the wind. White grass, according to Hanshu? Yan Shigu's Biography of the Western Regions is a kind of grass name in the northwest, and Wang Xianqian's supplementary notes show that it is tenacious. However, frost grass is brittle and can be broken (if it is spring grass, it cannot be "broken" when it is pitched with the wind). "White grass bends over" means that the wind is fierce again. It is crisp in August and autumn, and it snows all over the sky in the north. The word "Eight In the snow" and "That is" vividly wrote the surprised tone of southerners.
It's bitter and cold outside the Great Wall. The north wind blew and it snowed heavily. The poet's Spring Breeze makes pear flowers bloom, which is very novel and appropriate compared with the North Wind, which makes snowflakes fly. The word "suddenly like" is beautifully written, which not only shows the variety of "Hu Tian", but also shows the poet's surprise and curiosity. The magnificent artistic conception of "blowing open the petals of ten thousand pear trees" is quite romantic. Southerners have seen pear blossoms in full bloom. Snow-white flowers are not only one by one, but also a mass, much like the scene of snow pressing the winter forest. The spring breeze blows pears, and there are even thousands of trees. Reduplicated rhetoric shows the prosperity and magnificence of the scene. "Full of gas, touching it like a flower" (Chun Xue in Oriental Autumn) also uses flowers to describe snow, which is equally ingenious, but this poem should be divided into three points regardless of pride and curiosity. The poet compares the spring scenery with the winter scenery, especially the southern spring scenery with the northern winter scenery, which makes people forget the strange cold, feel happy and warm inside, and think and create an amazing environment. There is an idiom-"A wonderful hand rejuvenating" to comment on this famous saying about snow.
After a beautiful start in writing about the snow scene in the wild, the poem pen was written from account to account. Pieces of flying "flowers" floated in, entered the room through the curtains, and slowly melted on the curtains ... The word "bead curtain, wet silk curtain" connects the preceding with the following, changing naturally and calmly, and the object is nuanced. The influence of "white snow" intruded into the room. If it is in the south, it will explode if you put on the fox fur, but here the fox fur is not warm, and even the soft brocade is only thin. An edge general who can "break five-quarter arc" can't open an angle bow; Usually it is "iron armor that stays up all night", but at this time it is "iron clothes are hard to protect". Two sentences and general Duhu (the governor of the town near Duhu) said, understand each other. These four sentences, some people think, show the bitter and cold life of soldiers in the border area. Who says they're not? But as far as the theme of Bai Xuege is concerned, it is mainly through people's feelings and various events that are regarded as abnormal by southerners to write about the strange cold weather and the power of snow. This is really Snow White's hymn. It is concrete and realistic to write cold through people's feelings, and it has not become an abstract concept. The poet relishes the strange cold, which makes people feel fresh and interesting. This is another manifestation of the poet's "curious" character.
The scene moved out of the tent again and extended to the vast desert and the vast sky: the vast sand sea, snow and ice everywhere; Snow presses the winter clouds, thick and dense. Although the snow is suspended, it seems that the weather will not improve in the short term. "The sand sea deepens the ice depth, the clouds are bleak, and Wan Li condenses." In two sentences, with exaggerated pen and ink, a magnificent snow scene was painted in Sasai, which arranged a typical farewell environment for Judge Wu's Return to Beijing. It is difficult to travel long distances in such cold and bad weather. The word "sadness" vaguely implies parting.
So I wrote about buying wine and drinking other things in Zhang Zhongjun (the commander's camp). If the above is mainly about singing snow, the following is to write farewell with snow as the background. The sentence "Let's play the piano, guitar and harp", in which the three instruments are juxtaposed without writing the score itself, seems rather clumsy, but it can indirectly convey a scene of worrying about the complicated strings and the meaning of "always closing the mountain and feeling different". These marginal instrumental music can touch the sender's homesickness and have a different flavor than farewell. Writing a banquet left a deep impression on readers, but there were not many ink drops, which also showed that the author divided the primary and secondary details in the pen according to the meaning of the topic.
It was dusk and it was snowing heavily when the guests were sent out of the military gate. At this time, I saw a strange sight: although the wind was blowing hard, the red flag on the Yuanmen did not move-it had been frozen by snow and ice. This vivid and unusual detail once again vividly shows that the weather is extremely cold. The white snow is a little bright red on the background, and the warm color and cool color on the screen make the whole realm whiter and colder; The still image of snowflakes flying in the air makes the whole picture more vivid. This is another wonderful stroke in the poem.
Take the passengers to the intersection, which is the east gate of Luntai. Although reluctant, it is time to break up after all. How can we get to the highway when the snow closes the mountain? The road turns to the peak, pedestrians disappear in the snow, and the poet is still watching affectionately. These last few words are extremely moving, and they become the perfect ending of this poem, which is also the well-known opening. What was he thinking when he looked at the horseshoe prints left in the snow? Do you miss this traveler, worry about when the long road to the mountains will end, or be disappointed with the uncertainty of your return date? There are endless feelings at the end, and the artistic conception is similar to the ancient poem "Step out of the east gate of the city and look at Jiangnan Road in the distance". An old friend went there in the snowstorm the day before yesterday. Famous sentences are similar, but they are more effective at the junction of poetry.
Full of whimsy is the main feature of this poem (which can well reflect the poet's creative personality). With keen observation and sensibility, the author captures the wonders of the frontier fortress, reproduces the magnificent natural scenery of the frontier fortress with vigorous brushwork, such as waving a lot of wine (such as Hanhai), sketching details (such as Our Frozen Red Flag Can't Fly in the Wind), realistic and vivid description, and romantic and wonderful imagination (such as Sudden Love), which is full of rich frontier fortress. The whole poem is full of strong subjective feelings, praising the natural scenery and showing sincere friendship in a timely manner. Poetry is rich in connotation, distinctive and unique in artistic conception, and has a strong artistic appeal. The language of the poem is clear and beautiful, and with the cooperation of rhyming changes and alternating scenes, it forms ups and downs of rhythm and melody. A poem, when two sentences turn to rhyme, or four sentences turn to rhyme, the scene must be updated: the beginning of the poem begins with a sharp voice, which matches the picture of the snow; Then the rhyme is soft and soothing, and then the beauty of "spring blossoms" appears; The following turns sluggish and astringent, and there is bitter cold in the army; ..... When the four sentences gradually come to a slow end, a horseshoe-shaped mark gradually drifts in the picture, which makes people's lower back weak. Sion has an excellent overall cooperation and deserves the reputation of "sound painting". (Zhou Xiaotian)
Appreciation of Snow White in Farewell to Tian Shuji Wu's Home
Bai Xuege Farewell to Wu Gui, a famous poet in Tang Dynasty, is a masterpiece of frontier fortress poems.
During the Tianbao period of the Tang Dynasty, the wars between the Han nationality and other nationalities in the border areas of northwest, southwest and northeast continued. The frontier war is a great event in the real life of the Tang Dynasty, and many poets are exposed to this subject in their own creations to varying degrees. They described the strange and magnificent scenery of the frontier fortress, reflected the hard life of the frontier fortress soldiers, and expressed their feelings of parting and not complaining about others. These poems with the theme of frontier wars emerged in large numbers, forming an important school of poetry in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, namely the Frontier Poetry School. Cen Can is an important poet of Frontier Poetry School. In the 13th year of Tianbao (AD 753), Cen Can was appointed as the judge of Feng Changqing in Anxi. Bai Xuege is a farewell poem written by him in Luntai shogunate to send his friends back to Beijing. The first half of this poem is about snow, and the second half is about farewell. At the same time, the snow scene is further described in Farewell. "Snow" is the starting point for poets to write lyrical scenery.
At the beginning of this poem, the momentum is extraordinary, which shows the great power of the storm beyond the Great Wall: "The north wind rolls white grass, and eight In the snow crosses the Tatar sky." Describing the north wind as fierce and strong, even the tenacious white grass was blown off. These two poems highlight the characteristics of the environmental climate in the northwest frontier: the snow comes early and comes fiercely. Next, "like the strong wind in spring, it blows at night and blows open the petals of ten thousand pear trees." This turning point came suddenly and unexpectedly. It turned out that a snowstorm created a world of ice and snow overnight, but the poet said that it was not the north wind that blew all night, but the spring breeze that made thousands of trees full of pear blossoms. The spring scenery of pear trees in the poet's works is his imagination and subjective feelings, but it also reveals the white and fresh characteristics of snow, adding infinite spring to this cold frontier. Then, the poet turned his brush strokes to the barracks: "It entered the pearl shutters, it wetted the silk curtains, the fur coat felt cold, and the cotton pad was thin. The bow becomes stiff and can hardly be pulled, so it is difficult to protect your iron clothes. " These poems are really about the cold climate caused by heavy snow. Snow and snow flew into the bead curtain and wet the curtain, even advanced cold-proof articles such as fox fur and brocade blanket could not stop the cold; The general's horn bow was out of control because of the cold, and Du Hu's iron clothes were too cold to wear. Fox fur, brocade, angle bow and iron clothes are used to set off the cold climate around the frontier fortress soldiers, which shows the degree of cold very realistically and also writes about the hardships of the frontier fortress soldiers' lives. The above eight sentences describe the strong snowstorm outside the Great Wall and the resulting cold climate.
"The sand sea is unfathomable, the clouds are light and the wind is light, and Wan Li is condensed." These two poems, from singing snow to seeing off, play a connecting role. The first sentence says that Gobi is a world of ice and snow, which is a scene on the ground; "Baizhang Ice" describes the area covered by ice and snow and the size of ice. The last sentence says that gloomy clouds fill the sky and are a scene in the sky. "melancholy cloud" is both a scene and a feeling, which naturally leads to the following farewell. Here, the barracks of border guards are placed in a vast and boundless background, giving people a strange and magnificent impression.
"But we drank to our guest who came home from the camp and played the pipa, guitar and harp for him." The following eight sentences wrote farewell. The poet held a farewell banquet in China military camp, playing instruments such as the Huqin, Pipa and Qiangdi. This points out the place and reason of farewell dinner. It is also meaningful to list the names of these three instruments: my friend is going back to his hometown and still plays these instruments at the farewell party. Isn't a feeling of homesickness a euphemism? "Until dusk, when the snow collapses our tent, our frozen red flag can't fly in the wind." The poet turned his eyes from the wine banquet to the outside of Yuanmen and saw a very strange picture: a bright red flag could not stand against the background of dusk and snow. The word "plug" is used accurately, which truly depicts the situation that the red flag is frozen and the north wind is not fluttering. The last four sentences are farewell in the snow: "Watch him go east to the gate of the wheel tower and into the snowdrift of Tianfeng Road. Then he disappeared at the corner of the pass, leaving only his hoofprint. " The first two poems are farewell poems: seeing friends off from the east gate of Luntai, and the roads around Tianshan Mountain are blocked by heavy snow. The last two poems are about the scene after a friend left: the mountain turned around and the figure of the friend was no longer visible. At this time, the poet was still standing in the snow, looking at the way his friend left, only to see a long string of horseshoe prints left in the snow. The poet's deep reluctance to send his friend home and his homesickness are all expressed through the poem "All that remains is hoofprint". This ending is really like ringing a bell, with a clear voice and endless reverie.
As can be seen from the above analysis, the mood of this poem is unrestrained. The poet described the snowstorm in the frontier fortress and the early cold of the climate, but what he focused on in his works was not the hardships of soldiers' lives, but the strange and magnificent snow scene in the northwest frontier fortress. Although this poem is about parting and homesickness, there is no sadness at all. Under the background of the snowstorm in northwest China, the farewell scene is bold and tragic.
In terms of artistic structure, the opening of the whole poem is very good. The first four sentences describe snow as the exterior, the last four sentences describe the interior of the military camp, and then from the inside out, two songs describe the world of ice and snow outside the military camp. The top ten songs are mainly about singing snow. Then from the outside to the inside, write a farewell banquet, and then from the inside to the outside, write a farewell play. The pictures are unfolded one after another, so big and big, galloping and jumping, forming the ups and downs of the artistic conception of the poem. According to the analysis of 300 Tang poems, this poem is explained as follows: "The key of the whole poem lies in four words: the first is to write the snow scene before farewell, the second is to write the snow scene when farewell, the third is to write the snow scene when parting, and the fourth is to write the snow scene after farewell." Therefore, although the whole poem has an abrupt turning point and complicated structural changes, it seems that the lyrical scenery with snow as the central clue is clearly divided.