The first song, The Book of Songs tang style Ge Sheng, was written by Ge Sheng.
Give the beauty to die here. Who is lonely!
Ge Sheng is full of thorns and vines.
Give the beauty to die here. Who is lonely!
The corner pillow is awkward and the brocade is rotten.
Give the beauty to die here. Who and Du Dan!
Summer and winter nights.
After a hundred years old, return home!
Winter night, summer.
After being a hundred years old, go back to his room!
Translation:
Pueraria lobata grows and covers Vitex negundo, and Daphne creeps in the field.
My lover died here, who will accompany this lonely place?
Kudzu vine grows and covers jujube trees, and vines grow on graves.
My lover died here, who will accompany the lonely sleeping eyes?
The corner pillow is brilliant, and the brocade quilt is bright.
My lover died here, who will accompany the lonely days?
The days in summer are cool and the nights in winter are long.
Only one hundred years later, come here to live together!
The nights in winter are long and the days in summer are cool.
Only one hundred years later, come here to live together!
Background:
This poem is regarded by later generations as the' ancestor of mourning poems'. There are many controversies about the theme of Ge Sheng. In the Qing Dynasty, Hao Yixing first disclosed the use of "corner pillows" and "brocade quilts" to receive the dead, pointing out that "Ge Sheng" was also a kind of mourning. "Now many people believe it. Obviously, the words "die here", "in the domain", "corner pillow", "brocade carpet", "live in it", "live alone", "enjoy alone" and "be alone" are used to prove that the purpose of mourning in this poem is convincing.
This poem was highly praised by later generations. Today, people think that this poem is "not only called the ancestor of mourning poems, but also a masterpiece of mourning poems" (Zhu Shouliang's comments on The Book of Songs), and that it is "the masterpiece of later Pan Yue and Yuan Zhen's mourning poems" and "can't be stuck in this poem" (Zhou Meng, the translation of The Book of Songs 100 As far as the artistic charm of this poem and its influence on the creation of mourning poems for later generations are concerned, this evaluation is well deserved.
Whether the poem was written by kudzu vine or the tomb touched my feelings and made me sad alone. The purpose of writing lonely poems of the dead is to describe the loneliness of the living, to unite as one in order to see the love before death, and to weep at the same point after death. Poetry repeatedly expresses unbearable lonely time, all in order to express primitive coexistence and harmony. Ge Sheng can be regarded as the source of China's mourning poems. The eternal love swan song can travel through time and space and become the dream and expectation of people in every era.
The second song-"The Book of Songs, Li Feng and Green Clothes" is green in clothes and green in clothes.
If you worry about your heart, you will defend yourself!
Green clothes, green clothes, green coat, yellow clothes.
If you worry about your heart, you will die!
Green silk thread, green silk thread, you sewed it yourself.
I thought of the ancients, so I don't have to worry!
Fine hemp, coarse hemp, put on cold air and drill skirt corners.
Miss the ancients, really won my heart!
Translation:
Green clothes, green clothes, green face and yellow lining.
Sad heart, sad heart, when will it stop
Green clothes, green clothes, green coat and yellow skirt.
Sad heart, sad heart, when can I forget!
Green silk thread, green silk thread, you sewed it yourself.
I miss my dead wife, which makes me feel less guilty.
Fine gingerbread and coarse gingerbread, put air conditioning on the skirt.
I miss my dead wife. I really understand my heart.
Background:
This poem is also regarded by some scholars as China's first' mourning poem'. Like Ge Sheng, it is controversial whether it belongs to the category of mourning in the history of China's poetry. As the old saying goes, the theme of poetry is that Wei Zhaojiang hurts himself. The preface to Mao's poems says: "My concubine is proud, my wife is out of position, and my writing is poetry." Zhu's Biography of Poems says: "Zhuang Gong was confused by my concubine, and his wife, Zhuang Jiangxian, lost her position and pretended to write this poem." However, many annotations of later generations pointed out the voice of mourning poems, and they were regarded as classic mourning poems together with Ge Sheng.
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This is a poem in memory of his dead wife. Seeing things and thinking about people is the most common psychological phenomenon in homesickness. A person has just got rid of deep grief, and seeing the clothes and utensils of the deceased or the things made by the deceased evokes the excitement that has just been suppressed and falls into grief again.
This poem has a great influence in the history of literature. Jin's mourning poems are famous, but in fact, they are influenced by The Green. For example, his first song "Nothing is like a screen, with traces of calligraphy; The first and second chapters of Green Clothes are true, such as "When to sleep, when to forget, when to worry, when to accumulate"; Another example is Yuan Zhen's Mourning for the Past, which is also a masterpiece of mourning poems. The third cloud said, "Almost all your clothes have been given away, and your needle and thread are sealed. I dare not look at them. "They are all made up of' green clothes'. It can be seen that this poem has actually opened up infinite methods for future generations in terms of expression.
The third poem-one of the three mourning poems of Pan Yue in Wei and Jin Dynasties, winter and spring have passed, and cold and summer are easy to flow.
The son of a childe belongs to a poor spring, and the heavy soil is separated forever.
Who can obey in private? It's no good staying too long.
I respect life, and I will change my mind and oppose the initial service.
Looking at Lou, thinking about this person, thinking about the experience in the room.
There is nothing on the picture, but there are traces of calligraphy.
The incense has not stopped, but it is still on the wall.
Disappointment seems to exist, and it is difficult to rush back.
Like a bird in the Hanlin forest, it only lives once.
If you swim like a fish in Sichuan, you can see the middle of the road.
The spring breeze is coming and the dressing gown is dripping.
When you forget to sleep, your worries accumulate day by day.
When you are weak, you can still attack.
Author:
Pan Yue (247 -300): An Ren, known as Pan An in the world, was a famous writer in Jin Dynasty. Liu Yiqing in the Southern Song Dynasty wrote in Shi Shuo Xin Yu Rong Zhi: "Panyue Temple has a good appearance, a good appearance. When I was young, I jumped out of Luoyang Road with my arms in my arms. A woman always holds her hand tightly when she meets her. " Liu Xiao quoted Yu Lin as saying: "An Renmei, every line, always throws a car." When he was a teenager, he was famous for his brilliance. At the age of twelve, he was able to write poems and was called a prodigy in the village. As a representative of Western Jin literature, Pan An is often called Lu Ji. As the old saying goes, "Shandong cuisine is like the sea and Pan cuisine is like the river".
Background:
According to legend, his wife Yang was the daughter of Hou Yangzhao, a calligrapher in the Western Jin Dynasty. Pan and Yang are family friends. When she was twelve, she first met Yang Zhao, Yang's father. Yang Zhao liked this smart and beautiful boy so much that he betrothed his eldest daughter to him. I got engaged to Yang when I was twelve. After marriage, the couple lived together for more than twenty years. Yang died in the eighth year of Emperor Yuan Kang of Jinhui (298), when he was less than fifty years old. Pan Yue has a good relationship with his wife. After Yang died, he wrote three mourning poems and seven mourning poems.
Another note:
Before Pan An, there was no word "mourning" in ancient China literature. Pan An's three mourning poems initiated China's mourning poems. The explanation of "mourning" in Ci Yuan: "When Jin's wife died, he wrote three poems of" mourning ",which was later called bereavement." The dictionary also includes "Pan Yue", which is explained as follows: "Gong Shi Fu, gorgeous words, longer than mourning and mourning in three famous sentences".
The fourth poem-Shen Yue's mourning poem for the Southern Dynasties has gone from March to May in autumn, and it is still shining this autumn. Nowadays, orchids and grass grow in spring, and then they will be fragrant in spring.
Sadly, human nature is different. Once you are grateful, you will die forever. The screen banquet is empty, and the curtain seats are more open.
Dust covers an empty seat, while solitary account covers an empty bed. Everything is endless, hurting survivors!
Author:
Shen Yue (44 1 year -5 13) was a writer of the Liang Dynasty in the Southern Dynasties. The poetic style is flashy and deliberately carved. Together with Xie Tiao and Wang Rong, they all pay attention to temperament, and the title is "Yongming Style". The theory of "four tones and eight diseases" has made many provisions on poetry creation in terms of rhythm, which has certain influence on the transformation of five-character ancient poetry into rhythmic poetry. According to He Chengtian, Xu Kui and other old versions of The History of Song Dynasty, it was slightly beneficial and was written into The Book of Song Dynasty. His works include Four Tones, Miracle and Shen Yue Collection. , has been lost. In the Ming Dynasty, The Postscript of Shen Yin was compiled.
Background:
This poem was written by Shen Yue in memory of his dead wife. The most prominent feature of Shen Yue's poems is "clearing grievances", which embodies Shen Yue's style of clearing grievances. In the first half of the poem, the eternity of nature is used to set off the sadness that life is fleeting and gone forever; In the second half, sad feelings and bleak environment merge into one place, and the situation is mixed, and sadness is overwhelming. Shen Yue's mourning poems have a great influence on later poems with the theme of parting and mourning. The realm of similar works before the Southern Dynasties (such as Pan An's mourning poems) is really pushed to a new sad realm.
In addition, it is worth mentioning the theory of' sinking the waist'. "Biography of Liang Shu Shen Yue" contains: Shen Yue and Xu Mian are kind people, so they express their feelings in the book and say that they are old and sick. "Every few days, the belt should always move, the arm should be supported by the hand, and the monthly interest rate should be half a minute." Based on this calculation, how long can it last? Later, because "thick waist" became synonymous with thin waist. In Li Yu's poems, there is a sentence of "Shen Yao killed on the sidelines", and Xia Wanchun, a poet in the Ming Dynasty, also has a poem of "The glass is always thinking about pottery, and the belt is around Shen Lang", all of which refer to Shen Yue.
The fifth song-the fourth of the five poems "Leaving Thoughts" by Tang Yuanzhen, once the sea was difficult for water, it was amber forever.
Hurried through the flowers, lazy to look back; This reason is partly because of the ascetic monk, and partly because of who you used to be.
Translation:
People who have experienced the incomparably deep and wide sea will find it difficult to attract him by the water elsewhere;
Except for the clouds steaming in Wushan, the clouds in other places are eclipsed.
Walking among the flowers, I have no mind to see colorful flowers.
Partly because of Buddhist practice, partly because I can't forget you.
Author:
Yuan Zhen (779 -83 1 year): Wei Zhi was born in Hanoi, Henan. Zi Shao and Bai Juyi advocated peace. At that time, the poet was called "Bai Yuan" and nicknamed "Yuanhe Style". His poems are shallow and sad, like a lonely phoenix lamenting, and extremely touching.
Background:
Yuan Zhen has five poems of parting thoughts, this is the fourth poem, all written in memory of his late wife Wei Cong. Wei Cong, Wei's youngest daughter, married Yuan Zhen at the age of 20. At that time, Yuan Zhen was not famous and suffered from poverty after marriage. She didn't complain at all. Yuan Zhen was very affectionate to her. Seven years later, Wei Cong died of illness. After Wei Cong's death, Yuan Zhen wrote many mourning works. This song expresses his loyalty and nostalgia for Wei Cong. People who cross the sea will see other water instead of magnificent water. After seeing the clouds in Wushan, I think the clouds in other places are not worth seeing. Even if I walk past thousands of beautiful women, I'm too lazy to look back. Half is to cultivate one's morality and study, and half is not infatuated with you! The metaphor is extremely high, the lyricism is strong, the meaning of words is magnificent, and the pen is wonderful. Love is good, magnificent, tragic and not deep, and it has become an eternal masterpiece in the mourning poems of the Tang Dynasty.
Yuan Zhen's mourning poems have always been classics. In addition, he wrote three mourning poems for his dead wife Webster, which was also the last poem of China. The poem "This is a kind of sorrow that all mankind must know, but it is not as known by people who were poor together" has become a famous sentence that has been passed down through the ages.
Preface to Qing Nalan Xingde's "Qinyuanchun": Three days before the Double Ninth Festival, Ding Simeng died in plain clothes's light makeup, holding her hand and choking, and she couldn't remember many words, but when she left, she said, "I wish I hated the sky and the moon, and I still have to go to Yuen Long every year." I don't know why there is this. Feel full of energy after a sleep.
How can you forget when it is fleeting and unlucky? Remember to blow red rain when the embroidered couch is idle; Carve a hole, bend a corner and lean against the sunset. Dreams are hard to stay, poems can't be long, and you win deeper tears. The body is still there, but my spirit is soaring. I am not allowed to see it anymore.
Looking for the blue sky again, short hair is expected, and there will be frost in the future. It is heaven and earth, and the dust is unbreakable; Spring flowers and autumn moon still hurt. If you plan ahead, you will be surprised and lose all the fragrance of Xun Yu yesterday. Really helpless, the sound of money is adjacent to the flute, and the ileum records.
Author:
Naran Xingde, a poet in Qing Dynasty. Rong Ruo, whose real name is De, was born in Lengjiashan and Huangzhengqi, Manchuria. The eldest son of Nalan Mingzhu, a college student. Good at riding and shooting, good at reading. A hundred schools of thought contend, know everything about classics and history, are familiar with traditional academic culture, and are especially good at lyrics. In the fifteenth year of Kangxi (1676), he was a scholar, and was awarded the third-class bodyguard of Gan Qingmen, and later moved to the first class. Kangxi died of a sudden illness in twenty-four years, at the age of thirty-one.
Ci is good at short poems, full of sentimental sentiment, and occasionally bold works. Its taste is mourning and it is widely sung. There is a chronicle. The word set is called Nalan Ci, and there is a separate book. Together with Xu, since the Tang Dynasty, he said that all the classics are Tong Zhi Tang Jing Jie. He stood with Chen Weisong, the representative of Yangxian School, and Zhu Yizun, the head of Zhexi School, calling himself "three outstanding poets in Qing Dynasty". Later generations spoke highly of it, and Kuang Zhouyi praised it as "the first word in the beginning of the country" in "the wind and flowers sting"; Wang Guowei called it "the only one since the Northern Song Dynasty."
Background:
This poem "all loves" is the saddest and most painful of Nalan Xingde's many mourning poems. When Nalan Xingde was twenty years old, he married the daughter of Lu Xingzu, governor of Guangdong and Guangxi, and gave it to a lady. It was the eighteenth year of Lu's life, and he was "born in Yongfu, with a dignified sex". After marriage, the two loved each other, and a happy life inspired his poetry creation. But only three years later, Lu died of a postpartum cold, which brought great pain to Nalan Xingde. Since then, "there are many lamentations, and the hatred of bosom friends is especially deep." The heavy spiritual blow made him repeatedly show endless yearning for love and lost homesickness in his later mourning poems.
After Nalan Xingde, she continued to marry Guan and had a wing swallow. It is worth mentioning that when Nalan Xingde was 30 years old, she accepted Shen Wan, a talented woman in the south of the Yangtze River, with the help of her good friend Gu Zhenguan. Shen Wan, whose real name is Yu Chan, is a native of Wucheng, Zhejiang Province, and is the author of Choosing Dream Ci. Concentrate on mourning the work "Abundant God Does Not Reduce Husband". It's a pity that after she spent a year with Nalan Xingde, Nalan Xingde died. This short-lived love ended in tragedy, only 3 1 year old.
The seventh song-He Zhu's Partridge Sky in the Northern Song Dynasty is more important than everything is wrong. Why did you come here and come back?
Wutong was half dead. After first frost, the white-headed mandarin duck lost her partner.
The original grass, the first dew, the old habitat new ridge.
Lying in an empty bed listening to the rain from the south window, who will mend the clothes at night?
Translation:
What's wrong with coming together? This has always been a unity of mind, and life and death are separated by * * *, but it still hurts the liver and intestines. Sudden questions, thousands of words to answer, just spare tears. It seems abrupt to ask, but that's because I think about it day and night. That's the most affectionate language. Lying listening to the drizzle of phoenix tree outside the window, dripping in my heart all night, soaking in memories. The warm scene of a wife burning a lamp to mend clothes seems to be just yesterday, but it has passed away. The sadness in the pen is better than the phoenix tree. At night, rain drops into the sky.
Author:
He Zhu, a poet in the Northern Song Dynasty. Fang Hui is a native of Weizhou. Song Taizu congratulated the queen's grandson, the daughter of the imperial clan. Claiming to be a distant ancestor, he was a descendant of He in the Tang Dynasty, so he knew the lake (namely Jinghu Lake), so he named it clear lake.
Background:
This poem was written by He Zhu to mourn the death of his wife Zhao, and it is also a rare masterpiece in mourning poems after Tang and Song Dynasties. He Zhu's wife, Zhao, is hardworking and virtuous. He Zhu once wrote a poem "Ask Inside", describing Zhao darning his winter clothes in hot weather. The couple have deep feelings.
The author and his wife used to live in Suzhou (Nagato is the famous gate of Suzhou, which means Suzhou), and later their wife died there. When He Zhu was about to leave Suzhou because of something, he felt very painful and had nowhere to talk. He can only lament: "Being together well, why can't we leave together?" The phoenix tree in front of the window has withered and fallen leaves after defrosting; And originally a pair of white-headed mandarin ducks in fly with me in the pool, now only one is left alone. It must have experienced the loss of companionship! The grassland that first appeared in the morning just turned pale in the east, and the crystal dew lying on the grass disappeared in an instant.
Life is so short! In front of the newly built tomb, the author silently mourned his dead wife; In the place where they once lived, the author lingered for a long time and refused to leave. Back home, lying in the bed where the deceased slept, listening to the rainy night in the south window, recalling the time when his wife sewed clothes for herself in the middle of the night, the author deeply showed his deep nostalgia for his deceased wife's suffering and mutual care.
The eighth song-Lu You's "Two Poems of Shenyuan" In the Southern Song Dynasty, the dream was broken for forty years, and the old man in Shenyuan did not fly;
This trip is a tribute to Shan Ye, but it is still a matter of suspense.
On the city, the sunset draws a corner, and there is no revival pool platform in Shen Yuan;
Under the sad bridge, the spring waves are green, which is suspected to be a stunning photo.
Telu
Red crisp hands, yellow wine, mancheng spring willow.
Dong Feng Xie, who is in a bad mood, has been very depressed in recent years. No, no, no!
Spring is the same, people are empty, and tears are red and sad.
Peach blossom falls, idle pool pavilion, although the mountain alliance is there, it is difficult to hold books. Mo, Mo, Mo!
-"Hairpin Phoenix" Lu You
The world is thin, human feelings are evil, and it is easy to fall when the rain is sent late.
The breeze is dry, the tears are gone, and I want to worry about it. Difficult, difficult, difficult!
People become different, today is not yesterday, and sick souls are often thousands of miles away.
The bugle sounded cold, the night was dim, people were afraid to ask questions, and tears pretended to be happy. Hide, hide, hide!
-"Hairpin Phoenix" Tang Wan
Author:
Lu You (1125-1210), a native of Yin Shan (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang), was an outstanding patriotic poet in the Southern Song Dynasty. When I was a teenager, I was deeply influenced by the patriotic thoughts of my family and friends. I should try to do it when I was young, which was praised by Qin Gui. After Xiaozong acceded to the throne, he was given a Jinshi background, and the official position was to protect the Zhangge to be built. Politically, advocating resolute resistance to gold has always been suppressed by capitulationists. In his later years, he retired from his hometown, but his belief in recovering the Central Plains remained unchanged. Lu You is a poet with the most works in ancient China, and he is very creative. His collection of poems, The Draft of Jiannan Poetry, has so far preserved more than 9,300 poems. He said, "Ten thousand poems in sixty years". His poems are extremely rich in content and bold in style.
Background:
Two Poems of Shen Yuan was written by Lu You in memory of his ex-wife Tang Wan. Coupled with many mourning poems about Shen Yuan since then, it can be said that it constitutes a series with considerable plot and scale. In fact, the most popular one is the real starting point of the "Shenyuan" series-a poem entitled "Feng Feng" by Lu You and Tang Wan. The story of Lu You and Tang Wan is one of the most tragic love stories caused by the feudal system in China.
Lu You's cousin, Tang Wan, the daughter of Lu You's uncle Cheng Tang, has been quiet, witty and versatile since childhood. The Lu family used a beautiful heirloom, Feng Chai, as collateral to get engaged to the Tang family. Lu You married Tang Wan at the age of 20 (Shaoxing 14). Unexpectedly, Tang Wan's amorous feelings and intimate feelings towards Lu You caused Liu Mu's dissatisfaction (a woman without talent is virtue). Later, Lu Mu thought that Tang Wan had delayed his son's future and ordered Lu You to divorce Tang Wan. Lu You once built another clause to house Tang Wan. After the mother found out, she ordered Lu You to marry the docile and filial king. Tang Wan then married Zhao Shicheng, a royal descendant from the same county.
1 155 years (Shaoxing 20 years), after Lu You failed in the exam, he went to play in Shenyuan and met Tang Wan unexpectedly. Tang Wan got her husband's permission to serve wine for Lu You. Looking back on the past, Lu You wrote a poem on the wall, which is a masterpiece through the ages.
Afterwards, Tang Wan came to Shenyuan again and caught a glimpse of Lu You's inscription. He was deeply moved, so he wrote a poem called Hairpin Phoenix. Soon after, he died of depression.
After Lu You met Tang Wan, he left Beijing to seek fame. His literary talent was praised by the newly enthroned Song Xiaozong and won a scholarship. Since then, my career has been smooth sailing, and I have been a servant of Bao Hua Pavilion. During this period, he not only devoted himself to politics, but also wrote a lot of poems reflecting his concern for the country and the people. At the age of 75, he wrote to ask for retirement and got a golden thread to take home. Lu You has been wandering around the world for decades, trying to forget his sad past with Tang Wan. However, the farther away from home, the more Tang Wan's shadow haunts my mind. After returning from this tiring tour, Tang Wan has already passed away, which is already a twilight year. However, he still has a deep attachment to the past and Shen Yuan. He often wandered alone on the secluded path of the monastery, recalling the scene deeply imprinted in his mind. At this time, he wrote two songs "Nostalgia for the Original".
Another note:
Regarding the sad love story between Lu You and Tang Wan, and the poems circulating around Shenyuan for ages, neighbor Chen Yan left a comment after visiting Shenyuan: "There is no so-called sadness, and there is no so-called sad poem. It's been a hundred years. Who wants this? As far as the Millennium is concerned, this poem is essential. "
The ninth song —— Preface to the Spring Festival Evening by Wu Wenying in Song Dynasty, in which the remnant Han bullied the sick wine and sheltered the agarwood embroiderer.
Yan came late and flew into Xicheng, as if spring came late.
Painting boat, clear sky, clear smoke, Ran Ran martial arts tree.
Thinking of love, drifting with the wind, turned into a faint floccule.
Ten years in the West Lake, willows tied to horses, and the dust is soft and foggy.
Gradually return to red, recruit into Xianxi, and send you Sue in secret.
Leaning against the silver screen, the spring scenery is wide and the dream is narrow, the red and wet are broken, and the singing is golden.
When the bank is empty, the gulls will always be returned at sunset.
You Lan is old, Du Ruo is still alive, and the water town is still sending tourists.
If you don't visit in the future, Liuqiao won't believe it. How many times have you gone to the Flower Committee to bury jade and burn incense?
Long wave envy, mountain shame, fishing lights reflecting the river.
Remember that time, the short peach root crossing.
Brothel seems to be a poem on the verge of defeat, with tears bleak and dusty.
Looking at the dangerous pavilion, grass is all over the world, and sighing temples invade half bamboo.
Dark spot check, happy saliva from the mark, but still dyed; Fool the phoenix, break Luan unintentional dance.
Diligent to write, books full of hate, blue clouds and heavy geese, falling in love, bouncing into the column of mourning for Zheng.
Sad, thousands of miles south of the Yangtze River, complaining songs, is it broken?
Author:
Wu Wenying, whose real name was Gunter, was a window of dreams, and he was famous in his later years. He was born in Yinxian, Siming (now Ningpo, Zhejiang). There is no biography of Song history. He stayed in Suzhou, Hangzhou and Yuezhou for the longest time. Taking Suzhou as the center, it reaches Huai 'an and Zhenjiang in the north, passing through Wujiang Chuihong Pavilion, Wuxi Huishan and Ruo Ruo Hill on Suzhou-Hangzhou Road. No matter where you travel, there is always a topic. In his later years, he once lived in Yuezhou, and successively lived in Dong 'an, Zhejiang, and Zhao and Ruimen, the heirs of Rong. In the Qing Dynasty, when answering various questions in Wan Jing's Annals of Ningbo, it was almost true that he said that he was "trapped and died in his later years". About sixty years old.
Background:
This is a poem written by Wu Wenying in memory of his concubine. Although his writing background and theme are disputed by later scholars, the meaning of mourning in this poem is obvious. Among the 60 nouns in the Song Dynasty, the title of this word is "Spring Festival Evening Love" and "Feelings", which actually means nostalgia and mourning. According to Xia's Dream Window is the Year: "Dream Window once took a concubine from Suzhou and was sent away. I also married a concubine in Hangzhou and later died. "
"Focus on the works of pregnant women. At that time, it was summer and autumn, and people living in Suzhou almost always recalled the sending of concubines in Suzhou; In the spring, people living in Hangzhou are mourning the death of my concubine in Hangzhou. " Preface to Birds is the longest and most complete masterpiece in Regret for the Past, which best reflects the relationship with her love. It not only vividly reflects the meeting with my dead aunt and where you will go, but also reveals between the lines that this love tragedy is caused by some social reasons. It has sincere feelings, exquisite brushwork and profound feelings, which can be compared with ordinary mourning poems.