The sound of firecrackers marks the end of the year, and the spring breeze brings warmth to Tusu.
The new year is not yet full of youth, and the grass buds are surprised to see in early February. The white snow is too late for spring, so it flies through the trees in the garden
The light rain on the sky street is as moist as crisp, and the color of grass looks far away but not up close.
1 Song Dynasty poet Ouyang Xiu's "Birds Cry": When the Yang Qi comes to life in the poor mountains, everything seems to be competing with the seasons. The deep flowers and leaves shine brightly in the bright sun, and the sun is warm and all the birds are singing. (Slide projection)
Explanation: When the sun warms, all kinds of creatures compete with the time, and all birds sing. Flowers, birds, grass and trees are living things, and they are very sensitive to seasonal changes. Their growth and development directly reflect the changes in natural seasons.
2 Bai Juyi, a poet of the Tang Dynasty, wrote "Farewell to the Ancient Grassland": When the grass grows on the grassland, it will wither and flourish every year. Wildfires never burn out, but spring breezes blow them again. The distant fragrance invades the ancient road, and the clear green meets the deserted city. I also sent the king and grandson away, full of love. (Slide projection)
Explanation: The first two sentences of this poem reveal two important laws in phenology: first, there is an annual cycle of plant growth and decline; second, this Cyclic changes are driven by the climate. Once spring arrives, everything will revive.
3 "Visit to Dalin Temple in Lushan Mountain": The fragrance of April in the human world is gone, and the peach blossoms in the mountain temple are beginning to bloom. I have always regretted that I can't find a place to return to the spring, and I don't know how to turn to this mountain. (Slide projection)
Explanation: The ancient poet's meticulous observation of the natural world has impressed future generations. This poem raises a question, why is it that the youth is exhausted at the foot of the mountain, but the peach and plum blossoms are here? After repeated thinking, Shen Kuo, a scientist in the Northern Song Dynasty, concluded that this was due to the impact of mountain climate on plants.
Three or two branches of peach blossoms outside the bamboo are a prophet of the warmth of the spring river.
It rains every time during the yellow plum season, and frogs are everywhere in the grassy ponds.
The rustling west wind fills the courtyard with plants, and the flowers are cold and fragrant, and it is difficult for butterflies to come.
It is snowing in the Tianshan Mountains in May. There are no flowers but cold. I hear the willows breaking in the flute, but I have never seen the spring scenery.
Savages have no calendar and only know the four seasons with the crow of birds.
In February, you hear the regulations, and you must not delay spring plowing; in March, you hear orioles, and young women pity the hungry silkworms; in April, cuckoos are heard, and domestic silkworms are clustered; in May, uncle Ya is heard, and the seedlings are young and worried about the lush grass,
The beginning of spring Yang Qi turns, rain comes and geese are flowing by the river; crows crow in the wake of hibernation, and the ground dries up during the Spring Equinox;
Building wheat during the Qingming Festival, and planting fields during the Grain Rain; goose feathers live in the Beginning of Summer, and small manchurian birds come to the whole country;
Earn seeds are planted When the shovel is opened, no cotton will be harvested at the summer solstice; the mild summer heat is not considered hot, and the severe summer heat is the dog days;
At the beginning of autumn, we are busy hunting indigo, and at the end of the summer, we use the sickle; the white dew is cutting the ground, and there is no cultivation at the autumnal equinox;
The cold dew is not too cold, but the frost changes the sky; the ground is sealed at the beginning of winter, and the Xiaoxue River is sealed tightly;
The heavy snow river is sealed, and boats are not allowed to sail on the winter solstice; the minor cold is not too cold, but the severe cold lasts for thirty-nine days.
It can be seen from the introduction that solar terms are closely related to people's production and life.
"Flowers and trees are in season, and birds are singing to announce the farming season." This is what people call phenology.
The so-called Phenology refers to the activities of flowers, trees, birds and animals in nature according to certain seasons. This activity is closely related to climate change.
It includes three aspects:
The characteristics of various plants Phenomenons such as budding, leaf unfolding, flowering, leaf yellowing and leaf falling;
The arrival, first call, final call, departure, hibernation, etc. of migratory birds, insects and other animals;
Some hydrological and meteorological phenomena, such as first frost, last frost, freezing, melting, first snow, last snow, etc.
In ancient China, five days were regarded as one period, and three periods were one period. From winter to spring, from There are 24 seasons in the eight solar terms from Xiaohan to Guyu. In each season, a kind of flower blooms. People call the wind blowing when the flowers bloom "flower trade wind", so there are "two seasons". In order to describe it accurately, people select a plant with the most accurate flowering period as a representative among the plants that bloom in each of the twenty-four seasons, and call it the flower of this period. Trade wind.
Small Cold: First period of plum blossoms, second period of camellia, third period of narcissus;
Dahan: first period of daphne, second period of orchid, third period of alum;
The beginning of spring: first wait for spring, second wait for cherries, third wait for spring;
Rain: first wait for cauliflower, second wait for apricot blossoms, third wait for plum blossoms;
Waking of Insects: The first period is peach blossoms, the second period is Ditang, and the third period is roses;
The Spring Equinox: the first period is crabapples, the second period is pear blossoms, and the third period is magnolia;
Qingming: the first period is tung blossoms, and the second period is magnolia. Wheat flowers, three seasons of willow flowers;
Grain Rain: one season of peonies, the second season of sweet rice, and the third season of house flowers.
Twenty-four flower trade winds not only reflect the blooming of flowers More importantly, we can use this phenomenon to control the farming season and arrange farming work.
The following are proverbs about plant phenology summed up by the working people of our country in their production and life:
The peach blossoms are blooming, and the swallows are coming, preparing the grain to be planted in the fields.
The willow trees are sprouting warmly, and the cold weather will not last long.
The lotus flowers are blooming, and the seedlings are being planted. The chrysanthemums are yellow, and we are busy planting wheat.
The tung trees are blooming, and the frost and snow no longer fall.
The poplars are blooming, and the farm work is coming together.
The catkins are in disorder. Bustling, every family is planting rice seedlings.
Plums are golden, apricots are fat, durian flowers are like fire, peaches and plums are falling, dragonflies stand on lotus corners, crops are prosperous, and the harvest is prosperous
Phenology is the most direct response to nature. The language of migratory birds and the appearance of insects clearly tell us the changes of the seasons: barn swallows first appear when they wake up, and fly south at the beginning of winter;
Cicadas start singing when they wake up, and the white dew never stops singing;
Crickets The first call of the Qingming Festival is the first call of the Qingming Festival, and the final call of the Autumn Equinox;
The wild geese first appear in the Qingming Festival, but the Autumn Equinox is gone;
The toads appear in the Qingming Festival, but the cold dew disappears;
The frogs first call the Spring Equinox, The autumnal equinox finally calls.
There are many proverbs about animal phenology:
Dogs and cats moult early and get cold early in winter.
Thrushes store more food, The heavy snow will fall for a long time.
The sparrows are hoarding food and the snow will fall.
When the dog enters the stove, the snow will come.
When the pig takes the grass, the cold wave will come.
The frogs are croaking, just in time to plant early rice.
Cuckoo, cuckoo, sowing the crops and harvesting the wheat.
The oriole sings, the wheat needs to be harvested..
The toad comes out The hole is a safe place to rely on when it rains.
Earthworms crawl on the road, and the rain is messy.
Hearing cicadas chirping in the rain predicts the arrival of sunny days.
Chickens stay late. , Ducks are croaking happily, the storm will come soon.
It will rain in the ants’ nests.
It will rain when swallows fly low.
Fish dive, it will rain. .
Turtleback tide, sign of rain.
The loach is quiet and the weather is fine.
The impact of meteorological activities on us can be described as detailed, so people have concluded that :
Winter snow is like a wheat quilt, and spring snow is like a wheat ghost. Three wheat quilts are covered with wheat quilts, and I sleep with steamed buns on my pillow.
The winter solstice is full of white frost, and the next year's grains are full.
< p>If there is thick frost in winter, there must be good sunshine.If there is no spring frost, it will be late every night.
The mist in the three dynasties will blow from the west wind. If there is no west wind, there will be no rain.
There is rain in the spring fog, hot fog in the summer, cool fog in the autumn and snow in the winter.
The morning fog will close soon, and the rising sun can be found; if the morning fog does not close, the drizzle will continue.
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The fog lasted only three days and thirty-eight days passed.
The dew was heavy and the weather was sunny.
Frost and fog, so dry that the wells dried up.
After the frost, the south wind continued to rain all night.