First, pay attention to the reasons for the leveling.
① sense of rhythm
The so-called sense of rhythm is an important feature that distinguishes it from other styles, not only China's poems, but also western poems. There is something called "cadence" in Shakespeare's sonnets, which conforms to the inherent characteristics of English.
If Chinese wants to have a sense of rhythm, it naturally makes use of some of its own characteristics. After Yongming discovered it, it was probably like this:
"the flat voice is long, and the reply is short." The organized "relationship between the strength and length of sound" is called "rhythm". Similarly, the organized "relationship between the height and length of syllables" is called "meter".
② sense of music
Chinese is a monosyllabic word, with one word and one sound. Through the subtle and changeable contrast between words and sounds, that is, smooth and uneven interlacing, we can enjoy hearing, make it pleasant to hear, enhance the cadence effect of poetry, and form the musical beauty of Chinese.
Flat tones are unique to Chinese, not the product of the ancients behind closed doors, but the * * * knowledge obtained by phonologists in past dynasties after studying and analyzing the laws of ancient pronunciation, and there are also some agreed factors.
Second, the concept of leveling
Start with the pinyin of Chinese characters. In our Mandarin, there are four tones of pronunciation, namely, the first, second, third and fourth tones.
In terms of level tone, level tone includes upper and lower tones, that is, Yin Ping and Yang Ping; The third and fourth sounds are muffled sounds, in which the third sound is the upper sound and the fourth sound is the lower sound.
Extended data
Application of leveling;
Flat tone is a term of poetic meter: poets divide four tones into two categories, flat tone is flat tone, and flat tone is three tones. Well, literally, it means uneven.
Because the flat sound does not rise or fall, it is long, while the other three sounds do rise or fall (the incoming sound may also slightly rise or fall), and it is short, so it forms two types.
If these two tones are interlaced in poetry, they will make the tones diversified instead of monotonous. The so-called "sonorous voice" of the ancients is one of the important factors, although there are many stresses.
The law of horizontal and horizontal interleaving can be summarized as two sentences:
(1) even lines appear alternately in this sentence;
⑵ Flat lines and even lines are opposites in the dialogue. This kind of flat and even rule is particularly obvious in metrical poems.
For example, the fifth and sixth sentences of Chairman Mao's poem "The Long March" say: Jinsha River is warm in the clouds and cliffs, while Dadu Bridge is cold on the crossbar.
These two poems are flat: flat | flat | flat | flat | flat | flat | flat | flat | flat | flat | flat | flat | flat | flat | flat. As far as this sentence is concerned, every word has a rhythm. Pingping's sentence is followed by Xu Wei, followed by Pingping, and the last one is Xu Wei.
When you start a sentence, it is flat, followed by flat, and finally flat. This is alternation.
As far as sentences are concerned, "Jinsha" is flat to "Dadu", "Shuipai" is flat to "Qiaodu" and "Yunya" is flat to "Tiesuo". This is opposition.
References:
Baidu Encyclopedia-Pingze