2. Dante, Dante (1265- 132 1) was born in Florence. He is a great Italian poet, writer and world-class literary master. Dante was declared a permanent exile at the age of 37, and later died in a foreign land. At the age of nine, she met her eternal lover, and then Pai Yaqi, 24, became the source of Dante's future creation. Divine Comedy is Dante's immortal masterpiece. Engels called him "the last poet in the Middle Ages and the first poet in the new era". He plays a key role in the development of European literature.
3. Goethe and Johann Wolfgang Goethe (1749- 1832) were the most important German and European writers from the middle of18th century to the beginning of19th century. His life spanned two centuries, during the period of great social turmoil and great changes in Europe. The gradual disintegration of the feudal system and the continuous rise of revolutionary forces prompted Goethe to constantly accept the influence of advanced ideological trends, thus deepening his understanding of society and creating the best contemporary works. Goethe's works are full of the rebellious spirit of soaring movement and have made great achievements in poetry, drama and prose. His major works include the drama Goethe von bell Hinggan, the novella young werther, the unfinished poetic drama Prometheus and the prototype of the poetic drama Faust, in addition to writing many lyrics and poems. 1832 On March 22nd, Goethe passed away. Goethe is the most outstanding representative of German national literature. His works have raised German literature to the advanced level in Europe and made great contributions to the development of European literature.
4. Byron, Byron (1788— 1824), an English romantic poet. Aristocratic birth. Influenced by the enlightenment, he hated feudal autocracy and oppression when he was young. From 65438 to 0809, he began to travel to Spain, Greece, Turkey and other countries, showing great sympathy and support for the people of these countries in their struggle against feudalism, aggression and persecution. 18 1 1 After returning to China, I began to write a long poem, The Travels of Childe Harold. 18 12 delivered a speech in parliament, defending the movement of workers destroying machines because of poverty after the British industrial revolution, opposing the security bill passed by Congress and condemning the bloody suppression of workers by the British ruling group. Since 18 13, oriental narrative poems have been published one after another, attacking Britain and being forced to go abroad. When he participated in the activities of charcoal burners in Italy, he wrote a long poem "Bronze Age" to expose the reactionary face of the Holy Alliance. 1823 went into the Greek national war of independence and died in April 1824. Byron's masterpiece is the satirical poem Don Juan. His works have a great influence on European romantic literature.
Homer, Homer, born in Ionia in the second half of the eighth century BC, is the most famous and greatest poet in ancient Greece. He is the author of Homer's epics (Iliad and Odyssey). Homer's epic is divided into six parts, which is a masterpiece of ancient Greek oral literature. It is the greatest work in ancient Greece and the greatest work in western literature. Homer's Epic is a panoramic view of the early heroic era, and it is also a wonderful work in art. It takes the whole Greece and the surrounding Wang Yang Sea as the main plot background, showing the liberal freedom scene and setting an example for the moral concept of the Greeks in the future (and then for the moral concept of the whole western society). What followed was, firstly, a humanistic ethic of pursuing achievement and self-realization, and secondly, a liberal theology of the same sex between man and god, which stripped away the mysterious fear in the spiritual world. Homer's epic became the "Greek Bible".
6. Hugo Hugo was the leader of the active romantic literary movement at the beginning of the19th century and an outstanding bourgeois democratic writer in the history of French literature. The leading thought that runs through his life activities and creation is humanitarianism, opposing violence and controlling "evil" with love. His creative period is more than 60 years, and his works include 26 volumes of poems, 20 volumes of novels, 79 volumes of drama 12 and 2 volumes of philosophical works, adding a brilliant cultural heritage to the treasure house of French literature and human culture. His masterpieces include Notre Dame de Paris, Les Miserables and other novels, which have been made into movies for many times and have been widely circulated in the world and become classics.
7,7 Tagore, Tagore (1861~1941) is a writer with great world influence. He wrote more than 50 poems and was called a poet and saint. He wrote 12 novellas, 100 short stories, more than 20 plays and a large number of literary, philosophical and political works, and created 1500 paintings and countless songs. Literature, history, philosophy, art, politics, economy and other categories are almost all-encompassing. His works reflect the Indian people's strong desire to change their destiny under the oppression of imperialism and feudal caste system, and describe their indomitable struggle. They are full of distinctive patriotism and democratic spirit, rich in national style and characteristics, and have high artistic value, which is deeply loved by the people. His important poetry collections include Poems, Stories, Gitanjali, Crescent Moon, Birds, Marginal Collection, Birthday Collection and so on. Important novels include short stories "Paying off the Debt", "Abandonment", "Suba" and "Is Man Life or Death? Moya Moya, the sun and dark clouds, four people, sinking, Gora, family and the world, two sisters; Important plays include Stubborn Fortress, Mokedota and People's Red Oleander. Important papers include Deadly Trading, China's Dialogue, Russian Letters, etc.
Lev tolstoy and Tolstoy (1828— 19 10) are Russian writers, reformers and moral thinkers. Tolstoy's immortal reputation is mainly attributed to his two novels War and Peace and Anna karenin. Tolstoy's heart is full of profound contradictions. He was an individualistic aristocrat, but in his later years, he tried to live a poor peasant life, but he was very unsuccessful. He was addicted to debauchery at first, but eventually he became a thorough puritan; He has extraordinary vitality, but he is almost always afraid of death. This peculiar dual character made him give up his simple career as a novel writer in middle age and become a devout Christian. In his endless stream of papers, pamphlets and most short stories and plays, he preached his belief in a life full of love and loyalty, and his contempt for property and artificial systems such as the government and the church.
9. Gorky, Gorky (1868 ~ 1936) is a proletarian writer in the former Soviet Union and the founder of socialist realistic literature. He was born in poverty and lost his father when he was a child. 1 1 years old, he is running around the society for a living. As a stevedore, a bakery worker, slums and docks became the classrooms of his "social" university. He shared the fate with the working people and personally experienced the cruel exploitation and oppression of capitalism. This had an important influence on his thought and creative development. Gorky is not only a great writer but also an outstanding social activist. He organized and established the Soviet Writers' Association and presided over the first writers' congress in the whole Soviet Union to cultivate new literary talents and actively participate in the cause of maintaining world peace. His representative works include Macad Cudla, Macad Cudla, Old Lady ezekiel, Song of the Eagle, Silca, Fallen Man, Konarov, Song of Haiyan, Ordinary People, The Bottom, Summer Silence, Children of the Sun, etc. His works were introduced to China from 1907. His excellent literary works and papers have become the common wealth of the proletariat all over the world.
10, Mo Bosang and Mo Bosang (1850 ~ 1893) are French writers. 1850 was born in a declining aristocratic family in Normandy province, northwest France. 1870 went to Paris to study law, which coincided with the outbreak of the Franco-Prussian War. He should have joined the army with a certificate. After leaving the army, he worked in the Admiralty and the Ministry of Education. 19 The 1970s was an important preparation stage for his literary creation, and Flaubert, a famous writer and friend of his uncle's mother, was his literary tutor. Mo Bosang's literary achievements are the most outstanding in short stories, and he enjoys the reputation of a master of short stories in the world. He is good at intercepting typical fragments from trivial matters and summing up the truth of life from childhood to adulthood. His short stories mainly depict human feelings and the world, with unique conception and layout, and unique details, characters' language and story ending. In addition to boule de suif, a treasure in the short story library, Mo Bosang has also created a large number of excellent short stories, including Family, My Uncle Yule, Father Miron, Two Friends and Necklace. Mo Bosang's novels have also made relatively high achievements. He has written six novels: Life, Bellamy, Hot Springs, Pierre and John, Life and Death, and Our Hearts, the first two of which have been included in world famous novels.