1. Poetry text:
one
Veterans are detached, why are vulgar people? A hundred years ago, I boasted about the floor, but now a window is full of fantasy.
Dream back to the song in the orange screen, and post it before the rain. I'm afraid I'll lie down safely, and I'll laugh at people's ideas about Pingquan.
Secondly,
Comfortable sleep is better than massage, and the air in Jiangnan is still harmonious in October. The heavy curtain does not roll for a long time, and the ancient inkstone is slightly concave and gathers more ink.
On the moon, I suddenly saw the shadow of plum blossoms, and the wind was high to send geese. A cup is too weak for you to laugh, and a cow is carrying our horn song.
2. Biography of the author:
Lu You (1125-1210) was born in Yinshan, Yuezhou (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang). Shaoxing Zhongying didn't try and was rejected by Qin Gui. After Xiaozong acceded to the throne, he was given a Jinshi background. He served as a judge in Zhenjiang and Longxing, and his official position was Bao. Retire to another country in his later years. He was a great poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, and his ci was also very successful. The poems handed down from generation to generation are "Poems of Jian Nan" and "Poems of Releasing Weng". Xin Qiji (1 140- 1207) was a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty. The word euan, no. Jia Xuan was born in Licheng (now Jinan, Shandong). At birth, Shandong was occupied by nomadic people. At the age of 21, he joined the anti-Jin army and soon returned to the Southern Song Dynasty. He has been to Hubei, Jiangxi, Hunan, Fujian and eastern Zhejiang. During his tenure, he took active measures to recruit exiles, train the army, reward farming, fight corruption, and attach importance to stability and people's livelihood. He persisted in resisting gold all his life. In the notes of Ten Comments on Meiqin and Nine Comments, the political and military situation at that time was analyzed in detail, which strongly refuted the fallacy of exaggerating the strength of nomadic people and advocating compromise and surrender. It is required to strengthen operational preparations and boost morale in order to restore the Central Plains. His anti-gold suggestion was not adopted and was hit by the peace faction. I have left my post for a long time and lived in Shangrao and Lead Mountain in Jiangxi. In his later years, when Han Biaozhou was in power, he was once used and died soon. His ci tries to restore the patriotic enthusiasm of national reunification, pour out the grief and indignation of hard-to-pay ambition, and expose and criticize the humiliating surrender of the upper ruling group in the Southern Song Dynasty. There are also many works that praise the rivers and mountains of the motherland. The artistic style is diverse, mainly bold. Passionate, generous and tragic, vigorous brushwork, and Su Shi are also called "Su Xin". Famous for breaking the array, Chen Tongfu gave Zhuang words to recall the past, Yong Yule, Jingkou, Gu Beiting, Shuilongyin, Deng Jiankang, Shangxin Pavilion and Bodhisattva Man, and wrote a wall in Jiangxi. However, some works also reveal negative emotions caused by unfulfilled ambitions. And "Jia He's Short Sentence". Modern people compiled Notes on Xin Jiaxuan's Poems. (Cihai 1989 Edition)
3. Celebrity introduction:
Proofreading by Mr. Qian Zhonglian (tenured professor of Suzhou University), this poem was written in Yin Shan in the winter of Shao Xi's fifth year (1 194). At this time, Lu You is 70 years old and belongs to his later works. In all fairness, as far as this poem is concerned, Lu You describes himself with exquisite brushwork, burying himself in his study, and the temperature is getting warmer. When he is tired, he walks in court with crutches and walks in a small garden. Look at Meiying sideways and listen to the sound of geese. In the singing of daily life, the author evokes a sense of leisure, which can represent Lu You's high achievements in expressing daily life.
Kou Zhun, a famous figure in the Northern Song Dynasty, wrote "A trip to Tasha" and there is a saying in "The painting hall is quiet and rainy, and Pingshan is half hidden." Kou Zhun once knew Badong, so his poetry collection is called Badong Collection. He built the Qiu Feng Pavilion in Badong. When Lu You entered Shu, he wrote "The Legacy of a Pavilion of 100 Mouths" and said, "Why are heroes famous in the world? If he has a high material content, he will stand out when he meets anything. Badong's poems are a national policy, and it's amazing to get them at hand. " It can be seen that Lu You has read the poems with accurate mouth, and he is also surprised at the fame of this generation. He wrote some good poems in his spare time. The meaning of "heavy curtains don't keep the fragrance for a long time" is very close to "Pingshan half covers the fragrance" Maybe Lu You was influenced by Kou Zhun's poems.
The words "heavy curtains don't leave fragrance for a long time, and ancient inkstones are slightly concave and gather more ink" mean that although the curtains are thick, they hang down straight, covering the porch window and the bright sunshine projected from the outside; There is a good inkstone, and it is useless to polish it. The inkstone is exposed only when it is studied, and the ink overflows only when it is brushed. Although the inkstone in the poem is precious, the ink in it has not been disturbed, just like a stagnant water without a ripple. Water cut-off can only lead to decline, sluggishness and death. Therefore, this heavy curtain leaves fragrance, and Gu Yan gathers ink, which seems elegant, but in fact it is melodramatic, but it is difficult to hide tacky. The thoughts and feelings expressed in these two poems are despair and disappointment.
Mr. Qian Mu's calendar (historian, Confucian scholar, educator) has made a subtle explanation. Let the Weng go is very neatly written. In fact, it's just a literal pile, and there is no one behind the poem. If it is completely empty, it is not completely true. The man burned a pot of incense in the study and hung the curtain before the incense went out. He writes or writes poems there, and he has a good inkstone. It's no use grinding ink There was originally a person behind this poem, but this person taught anyone to do it, so people didn't see the special artistic conception and special taste. No mood, no interest, just a layman. "
"Heavy curtains don't leave fragrance for a long time, and ancient inkstones are slightly concave and gather more ink" is a landscape writing method. But there has never been a poem purely about scenery. Wang Guowei, a modern scholar, said: "In the past, when discussing poetry, there was a difference between scenery and emotion, but I didn't know that all scenery and emotions were also feelings." When we read the first half of this poem, we can appreciate Lu You's quiet mind. Wang Fuzhi also said: "A clever woman can't cook without rice, and the scenery is like cooking with rice." The scenery is cleverly written and interesting, and you can always feel the feelings.