Li Shangyin's Ma Wei and Jin Se each express the author's thoughts and feelings.

Jinse [Tang] Li Shangyin I wonder why my Jinse has fifty strings, thinking of one string and one column for the New Year. Zhuangzi daydreaming, a saint, was bewitched by butterflies, and cuckoo crowed in the imperial spring. Mermaids shed pearl-like tears on the moon-green sea, and the blue fields breathed their jade to the sun. A moment that should last forever has come and gone before I know it. Jinse is one of Li Shangyin's most famous poems and the most difficult one to understand. The poet has always lamented "a person who is difficult to understand." Some people say that it is a love poem for a maid named "Jinse" in Linghu Chu's family; Some people say that it is a mourning poem for the late wife Wang; Others think that the four poems in the middle can meet the four feelings of appropriateness, resentment, clarity and harmony, and can be inferred as poems describing music; There are also many sayings, such as alluding to politics and writing autobiographical poems. For thousands of years, there have been many different opinions. Generally speaking, most people say "mourning" and "self-injury". A poem with the word "first" as its title is actually equivalent to an untitled poem. As for the meaning of this poem, we might as well think that it is the poet's nostalgia for the years and his sadness about his life experience caused by listening to the piano. When they heard the guards guarding them, they fought swords at night, and there were no more chickens in the palace. The Sixth Army has agreed that they will all be stationed in Malaysia. On the old Qixi Festival, we also laughed at the Weaver Girl. How did I spend the fourth period? I was an emperor, but not a son-in-law. I was with Mochow at night. This is a political satire directed at Li Tang's former emperor, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty. At the beginning, the story of "Overseas" and "More Kyushu" was used to summarize the legend that the alchemist discovered Yang Fei overseas, but it was denied by the "disciple". Those who "smell" listen to it for nothing. It means: Xuanzong heard from the alchemist that Yang Fei still remembered the oath of "wishing the world husband and wife" on the fairy mountain, and was "very shocked", but what's the use? The fact that "he was born" is a couple is uncertain; The relationship between husband and wife in this life is obviously over. How it ended naturally caused the following situation. The "cock crow" in court is in contrast with Ma Youyi's "tiger swimming at night", but yesterday's happiness and today's suffering, yesterday's safety and danger are all different situations and moods. The escape life of Tiger Walking at Night is very uncomfortable, which means the same thing. The contrast with Chicken Man Announces Dawn implies that the protagonist is eager to enjoy the happiness of the past again, which is another meaning. Then use "Kong Wen" and "no reply" to echo, indicating that hope has been disillusioned and the tail is too big to fail, which is the third meaning. The "Tiger Brigade at Night" was originally designed to patrol and guard, but it is just the opposite, and it is called "Kong Wen". From the point of view of composition, "Kong Wen" inherited "Rest in Peace" and enlightened "Six Armies in Malaysia". It means that the "Tiger Brigade" is a "nocturnal song", but it is not to protect the safety of the emperor and the imperial concubine, but to launch a mutiny. Because of this, it is impossible for Li and Yang to enjoy a comfortable court life. Tripartite: "This day" refers to the day when Yang Fei died. "Six armies stationed in Malaysia" coincides with Bai Juyi's "Song of Eternal Sorrow", and no one moves, but after "Song of Eternal Sorrow", they may trample on those moths until their hooves, and "this day" is traced back to "then". The contrast and supplement between "then" and "today" is not only self-evident, but also rich in meaning. It is called "reverse holding method". Xuanzong and Yang Fei swore to each other on Tanabata at that time, laughing at Petunia and Zhinv. They only met once a year, but they were "husband and wife forever" and never separated. But what if the sixth army doesn't send it? Opposed to each other, the ending of Fei Yang's death is not difficult to understand, and Xuanzong's hypocritical and selfish mental outlook is also exposed. At the same time, "Laughing and caressing cows on Tanabata" is a typical summary of Xuanzong's infatuation with women and neglect of political affairs. When compared with "six armies stationed in Malaysia", it shows the causal relationship between them. Without the debauchery of "then", how could there be the dispersion of "today"? When Xuanzong indulged in debauchery, did he ever consider the "day" when his beloved concubine was "killed"! At this point, the sentence of the tail couplet is like an arrow. Tailing also contains strong contrast. On the one hand, Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty, who had been emperor for more than 40 years, could not keep his beloved concubine; On the other hand, the Lu family, as an ordinary people, can keep his wife Mochow, who is both a weaver and a mulberry picker. Therefore, the poet coldly asked: Xuanzong, who had been emperor for more than 40 years, why didn't he guard his wife like ordinary people? In the first six songs, the edge of criticism is directed at Tang Xuanzong. Concluding with a question that needs a lot of exploration to give a comprehensive answer enriches the content of criticism.