Introduction:
Shihaoguan is the most representative work in Du Fu's realistic poems. Its original text is as follows:
Li Shihao
Du Fu
At dusk, officials arrested people at night. The old man climbed over the wall and left, while the old woman went out to watch.
Why are officials angry? Why do women cry? After listening to the woman, three men guarded Ye.
One man attached a book, and two men died. Those who drag out an ignoble existence are dead!
There is no one in the room, only a baby and a grandson. And grandma didn't go, and there was no skirt in and out.
Although an old woman is weak, please come back at night. If you are in a hurry to serve Shirley in the river and Yang, you might as well prepare the meal in the morning.
The night is long and silent, like crying and choking. Dawn will rise into the future, leaving the old man alone.
Reading comprehension of Du Fu s Shi Hao Guan;
1, which is vividly reflected in the poem? Official? With what? Woman? What is the sharp contradiction in this poem?
A: Why are officials angry? Why do women cry?
2,? Alone with the old man? Replace with? Wave goodbye, old man, okay? Please analyze it briefly.
A: No, the original poem? Independent? Suggest that the old woman has been taken away. The poet stayed at dusk, and the old man and the old woman received him together. Overnight, only the old man was left. Independent? It shows bitterness and indignation, but the revised poem does not show this meaning and emotion.
Du Fu s Translation of Shi Hao Guan;
At dusk, I stayed in Shihao Village, and at night, officers came to recruit soldiers. The old man fled over the wall, and the old woman went out to deal with it. The officers shouted so fiercely that the old woman cried so sadly. I heard the old woman come forward and say: My three sons went to the battle of Yecheng. One of the sons sent back a message that the other two sons had just died in battle. Let the living live one day at a time, and the dead will never be resurrected! Old woman, there is no one else at home, only a little grandson who is nursing. Because of the little grandson, his mother hasn't left yet, but she doesn't even have a good dress in and out. Although the old woman is old and weak, please allow me to accompany you back to camp for the night. Go to Heyang to apply for a job and prepare breakfast for the troops. ? Late at night, the sound faded away, and I vaguely heard a low and intermittent cry. After dawn, I continued on my way, just to say goodbye to the old man who came home.
Interpretation of Du Fu s Shiqu Mandarin;
(1) dusk: evening. Voting: Stay. Shihao Village: Now known as Ganhao Village, located 70 miles east of Shan County, Henan Province.
(2) Officials: officials and lower-level officials, here referring to the officials who are able-bodied men. Night: time noun as adverbial, at night.
(3) more than (y? ): end; Turn over. Go: run, here refers to escape.
(4) Shout: Speak and shout. Hehe: How, how. Anger: Angry, fierce and rude, which means fierce here.
(5) cry: cry. Bitter: bitter.
(6) Foreword: refers to the old woman coming forward to speak (to an officer). Forward, forward, forward. Right? Go ahead.
(7) Yecheng: namely Xiangzhou, in Anyang, Henan Province. Guard (sh? ): defense, here refers to serving.
(8) Attach a book to: send back information. Books and letters. Come back.
(9) New: Just now.
(10) Being: alive, alive. And drag out an ignoble existence: live one day at a time. Besides, temporarily, temporarily. Drag out an ignoble existence.
(1 1) It's long gone: it's over forever. Yes, stop, this is the end.
(12) room: at home. No one: No one else (male). Do it again.
(13) only: only, only. Breast-feeding grandson: a breast-feeding grandson.
(14) No: Not yet. Go: leave, here refers to remarriage.
(15) finished skirt: complete clothes. ? Have grandchildren? Two sentences for one? Grandma didn't go out. She saw that the official didn't wear a skirt? .
(16) old woman (y? ): old woman. Decline: weak.
(17) Please come back in the evening: Please let me accompany you back in the evening. Please, please. Follow, follow, follow.
(18) heyang express service: go to heyang service as soon as possible. Should, respond. Heyang, now Mengzhou, Henan Province, was the place where the officers and men of the Tang Dynasty confronted the rebels.
(19) Jude: Not bad. Yes, I can. Prepare: prepare. Cook in the morning: breakfast.
(20) Night length: It is late at night. Absolute: cut off; Stop.
(2 1) It seems, it seems. Smell: Listen. Cry: A low, intermittent cry. Tears are silent? Cry? Crying and choking? Swallow it? .
(22) Ming: After dawn. Boarding the future: stepping on the road ahead. Deng, come up. The future, the way forward.
(23) independence: only, only.
The background of Du Fu as an official of Shihao;
In 758 AD, in order to quell the rebellion of An (An Lushan) and Shi (Shi Siming), nine of our troops, including Li Guangbi, led a 200,000-strong army to besiege Yexian (now Anyang, Henan) occupied by An Qingxu (son of An Lushan), and victory was in sight. However, in the following spring, due to the reinforcements sent by Shi Siming and the internal contradictions in Tang Jun, the situation was reversed. Under the attack of the enemy on both sides, Tang Jun collapsed across the board. Guo Ziyi and others retreated to Heyang (now Mengzhou, Henan) and dispatched reinforcements everywhere. In the spring of 759 AD (two years), Du Fu was demoted by Zuo to join the army. He left Luoyang, passed Xin 'an, Shi Hao and Tongguan, stayed overnight and traveled widely, and arrived at Huazhou as a post station. Wherever he went, he was devastated and the people were miserable, which caused a strong emotional shock to the poet. On the way westbound from Xin 'an County, he lived in Shihao Village and met officials and soldiers who arrested people late at night, so he wrote this immortal poem based on what he saw and heard.
A brief analysis of Du Fu's Shi Hao Guan;
Li Shihao is an outstanding realistic narrative poem, which tells the story that officials go to Shihao Village at night to arrest people for conscription, and even elderly and infirm women are taken to serve, exposing the brutality of officials and the darkness of military service system, and expressing deep sympathy for the people's suffering in the Anshi Rebellion.
The general idea of Du Fu's "Shiqu Official Center":
This five-character ancient poem reveals the cruelty of feudal rulers through the story the author saw with his own eyes, and reflects the Tang Dynasty? An Shi rebellion? The profound disaster brought by the war to the broad masses of people expressed the poet's deep sympathy for the working people.
Appreciation of Du Fu's Shi Hao Guan:
The first four sentences can be regarded as the first paragraph. The first sentence? Twilight cast stone ditch village? Cut to the chase and tell stories. ? Twilight? Word,? Actor? Word,? Village? Every word needs to be pondered, and readers cannot let it go easily. In feudal society, due to social disorder and desolate journey, who are tourists? Stay before it's too late? What's more, in the era when war and disaster are connected. Du Fu, on the other hand, hurried to a small village for the night at dusk. This unusual scene is very enlightening. Either he doesn't dare to go this way at all; Or the nearby towns are empty and have nowhere to rest. In a word, a few words not only pointed out the time and place of stay, but also told the whole story about chaos, trouble and disorder, which provided a typical environment for the performance of tragedy. ? Some officials arrest people at night? In a word, it is the outline of the whole article, and the following plots all come from this. Don't say? Conscription? 、? Point soldiers? 、? Recruit? And say? Arrest people? , revealed and criticized in the truthful description. Add one? At night? Words have richer meanings. First, show that the government? Arrest people? Things often happen, and people hide or resist during the day, so they can't? Catch? Arrive; Second, it shows that county officials? Arrest people? The means are vicious, and when people are asleep at night, there is a sudden attack. Meanwhile, who is the poet? Twilight? Toushihao village, from? Twilight? Arrive? At night? A few hours have passed, and of course I have fallen asleep at this moment; So he didn't take part in the later activities, but heard them through the door. ? The old man climbed over the wall and the old woman went out to watch? In two words, it shows that the people have suffered from the long-term arrest and have no peace day and night; Even at midnight, I still can't sleep. As soon as I heard something outside the door, I knew the county magistrate was coming again? Arrest people? , the old man immediately? Over the wall? Run, let the old woman open the door.
From where? Why are officials angry? Where to? Still have to prepare for cooking in the morning? These sixteen sentences can be regarded as the second paragraph. ? Why are officials angry? Why do women cry? ? Two sentences, extremely general, very vivid? Official? With what? Woman? Sharp contradiction. One? Huh? , one? Cry? , one? Angry? , one? Bitter? In sharp contrast; Two adverbials? What? , aggravated the emotional color, effectively rendered the savage momentum of the county official, and created an atmosphere of grief and indignation for the old lady's complaint. The two sides of the contradiction have a master-slave and causal relationship. ? Why do women cry? , is it? Why are officials angry? Forced out. Next, the poet stopped writing? Whoosh , want to write? Women cry? And then what? Whoosh Look at yourself. ? Listen to the speech before your wife? Connecting the preceding with the following. So what? Listen. Is the poet here? Listen. That? Speech? Is it an old woman? Crying bitterly? Trying to answer the county magistrate? Huh? . Write? Speech? Thirteen poems have many rhymes and twists, suggesting many county officials? Huh? , forced to ask. These thirteen poems, aren't they? Old woman? In one breath, the county collectors are by no means all ears. Actually? No matter how angry officials are, why do women cry! ? It is not only the beginning of the activity, but also the end of the activity. From where? Three people guarding Yecheng? Arrive? The victim has grown up? , is the first turning point. As readers can imagine, this is the first time that county officials have forced questions and complaints. Before that, the poet used it? Some officials arrest people at night? In a word, the tiger of the county magistrate catches people. Wait until? The old lady went out to watch? , then jumped in, burgle eye search everywhere, but can't find a person, closed on empty air. So he roared: Where are all your people? Hand it over! ? The old woman sobbed and said that all three sons had gone to Yecheng as soldiers. One son just wrote that the other two sons are dead! When crying, the county magistrate may not believe it, but also take out a letter to the county magistrate.
Anyway? Those who drag out an ignoble existence are dead! ? The situation is sympathetic enough, and she hopes to win the sympathy of county officials and be lenient. Unexpectedly, the county magistrate was angry again: Is there no one else in your family? Hand it over! ? She had to complain that there was no one in the room, only a baby and a grandson. ? Because? No one? There are obvious contradictions with the following answers. The reasonable explanation is: the old woman said: there is no other man at home! There is only one grandson! Still nursing, very small! ? Whose milk do you drink? There must be a mother! Give her up! ? What the old lady was worried about finally happened, so she had to bite the bullet and explain that her grandson had a mother and her husband died in Yecheng, and she didn't remarry because she had to nurse her child. Pity her rags, how can she meet people! Give me a hand! ? (? Is there a granddaughter who didn't go and went in and out naked? In a word, what are some versions? Grandma didn't go out. She saw that the official didn't wear a skirt? , so the county collectors asked her to come out. ) but the county collectors still refused to stop. The old lady was afraid that her widowed daughter-in-law would be caught and starve her grandson, so she had to come forward. Although an old woman is weak, please come back at night. If you are in a hurry to serve Shirley in the river and Yang, you might as well prepare the meal in the morning. ? Old woman's? Speech? Therefore, it shows that the county collectors reluctantly agree, no longer? Huh? Yes
Although there are only four sentences in the last paragraph, it takes care of the beginning, involves all the characters, and writes the ending of the event and the author's feelings. ? The night is long and silent, like crying and choking. ? It means that the old woman was taken away. Let's go Sometimes I cry in a low voice, and I go further and further, and I can't hear the crying. ? Long night? The word "two characters" reflects the long process of the old woman crying repeatedly and the county officials bullying in every way. ? Have you heard? On the one hand, it shows that the daughter-in-law was killed by her husband and her mother-in-law was killed. Catch? On the other hand, it also shows that the poet listened attentively and stayed up all night. ? Dawn is the future. Are you alone with the old man? In two sentences, the whole article, the narrative contains infinite affection. The night before, both the old man and the old woman greeted the poet, but after a night, the old woman was taken away and her daughter-in-law was sobbing, so she had to say goodbye to the old man who had escaped. What the old man's mood is, and what the poet thinks, all these leave the reader with room for imagination.
This poem truly exposed the political darkness at that time. In the face of all this, the poet did not beautify the reality, but issued? Some officials arrest people at night? Whoo, worthy of praise.
In artistic expression, the most outstanding point of this poem is refined. The whole sentence narrative, no lyric words, no argument words; But in fact, the author skillfully expressed his feelings through narration and made comments, with clear love and hate and clear tendency. The combination of praise and criticism in narrative not only saves a lot of pen and ink, but also gives readers no conceptual feeling at all. The poem also uses the expression of Tibetan questions and answers. ? Why are officials angry? Why do women cry? ? What should I focus on after summing up the contradictions between the two sides? Woman? , no longer write? Official? And then what? Official? Quite fierce and violent, but what about the old woman? Speech? It implies the turning point and ending of the event. Poets are also good at tailoring, and there are endless meanings in the narrative. At the beginning, just write stay in one sentence, and immediately go to? Some officials arrest people at night? The theme of. What if you just wrote it? The old man climbed over the wall? , did not write when he will come back; Only wrote? Like crying and choking? Who is the person who didn't write down the tears; Just write old women? Please come back from the official night? , did not write whether she was taken away; But the beginning and the end of it all point to something, both narrative and lyrical? Alone with the old man? Tell the reader in a word that the old man went home and the old woman was taken away; Then, the one who was afraid to cry loudly with tears in her eyes was the young widow who was nursing her child. It is precisely because the poet's pen and ink are concise and refined that it is commendable to reflect the contradictions and conflicts in life with amazing breadth and depth in a short space.
Posterity evaluation:
1, The Mirror of Lu Shiyong's Tang Poetry: How long and how simple. ? Whoosh Second language, dozens of words. According to the screenwriter, you can get feelings by removing the form, and you can get the spirit by removing the feelings.
2, Pu Yin Long "Reading Du Xinjie": There is a tiger to seize people, three officials? Say goodbye with a question-and-answer narration? The words of pure clients and walkers.
3. Qiu's Notes on Du Shaoling's Collection: The ancients only sent one person to join the army when they had brothers. Today, all the able-bodied men have been driven away. They are old and weak. There is a cloud in the poem: three people guard, two people die, Sun Fangru, daughter-in-law has no skirt, Weng climbs over the wall, and women walk at night. In a family, father and son, brothers, grandparents and granddaughters are so cruel, which makes people miserable! At that time, Tang Zuo was also in jeopardy!
4. Criticism of Tang Poetry: The language seems simple, but it is totally irrelevant. The wind man's body is unique to Sri Lanka. Reading this poem makes the gods cry.
About the author:
Du Fu (7 12-770) was born in Gong County, Henan Province (now gongyi city, Henan Province) in the Tang Dynasty. He was a great realistic poet in Tang Dynasty, known as Li Bai? Du Li? . To compete with two other poets, Li Shangyin and Du Mu? Little Du Li? The difference is that Du Fu and Li Bai are also called together? Big Dooley? Du Fu is also often called? Lao Du? . Du Fu had a far-reaching influence on China's classical poetry and was called "Du Fu" by later generations. Poet saint? His poem is called. History of poetry? . Later generations called him Du Shiyi and Du Gongbu, and also called him Du Shaoling and Du Caotang.
Du Fu lived in the historical period from prosperity to decline in the Tang Dynasty. Du Fu was born in a generation? Be an official Confucian? Our family is very knowledgeable in family research. The early works mainly show the ideal, ambition and expected life path. On the other hand, show him? To the monarch Yao Shun, and then make the customs chun? Many works in this period reflected the sufferings of people's livelihood and political turmoil at that time, and exposed the ugly behavior of the rulers. Since then, they have embarked on a life and creative road of worrying about the country and the people. With the increasingly corrupt politics in the later period of Tang Xuanzong, his life became increasingly impoverished and disappointed. During his wandering life, Du Fu created such famous works as Spring Hope, Northern Expedition, Three Officials and Three Farewells. In 759, Du Fu abandoned his official position and went to Sichuan. Although he fled the war and lived a relatively stable life, he still cared about his life and managed state affairs. Although Du Fu is a realistic poet, he also has a wild and unruly side. It is not difficult to see Du Fu's heroism and dry clouds from his masterpiece Song of Drinking Eight Immortals.
The core of Du Fu's thought is the Confucian thought of benevolent government. What does he have? To the monarch Yao Shun, and then make the customs chun? Grand ambition. Although Du Fu was not famous during his lifetime, his fame spread far and wide, which had a far-reaching impact on China literature and Japanese literature. About 65,438+0,500 poems of Du Fu have been preserved, most of which are collected by Du Gongbu.
The above appreciation of Du Fu's "Shihao Guan" is here for you. I hope it helps you. If you like this article, you might as well share it with your friends. More ancient poems are in:!
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